2018年高考英语二轮复习专题06阅读理解Ⅳ：词义猜测题(练)(含解析)

1、专题6阅读理解W:词义猜测题1.【2017 新课标全国 I】CSome of the world s most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans tocelebrate the first annual Intern ati onalJazz Day. UNESCOU nited Natio ns Educati on al,Scien tificand Cultural Organization） recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of ja

2、zz music, its sig ni fica nee, and its potential as a unifying（联合）voice across cultures.Despite the celebrations, though, in theU.S. the jazz audienee continues to shrink and growolder, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.It s Jas on Moran s job to help cha ngethat . As the

3、Kenn edy Cen ter s artistic adviser forjazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserveits history and culture.“Jazz seems like it s not really a part of the American appetite,” Moran tells NationalPublic Radio s reporter Neal Conan. “What I m hoping to

4、accomplish is that my generation andyounger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and write anymore. It s actually color, and it sactually digital. ”Mora n says one of the problems with jazz today is that the en terta inment aspect of the musichas been lost. “The music can t be p

5、resented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has tocontinue to move, b ecause the way the world works is not the same,” says Moran.Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller s music for a dance party,“ Just to kind of put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as muc

6、h as it is concertmusic, ” says Moran. “For me, it s the recontextualization. In music, where does the emotion（情 感）lie? Are we,as humans, gaining any insight（ 感悟）on how talk about ourselves and how something as abstract as a Charlie Parkerrecord gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our tho

7、ughts? Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a widercon text, ” says Moran, “ so I want to continue those dialogues. Those are the things I want to foster.”29. What does the underlined word “that ” in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Jazz becoming more accessible.B. The product ion of jazz grow ing fast

8、er.C. Jazz being less popular with the young.D. The jazz audienee becoming larger.【文童大意】为提高人们对于爵士乐的重视程度，UNESCO 把四月 3C 号定为了国际爵士日。然而这一行为 还是没能挽救爵士乐。丁时 utforan 认为时代在进步，为了将老一代人和年轻一代人联接起来，爵士乐应该 也随之进步。2.C 推理判断题#艮据前文 Etespite the celebfations, ougU in U,S. jazz audience continueE to 站杆介 and growoldei, md th

9、e music 血 failed to connm younger generations 可知尽管 UNESCO 为爵士乐 i 殳了纪念 日，但美国的爵士乐听众依然在减少， 并且年龄在老也爵士乐没能将年轻 T 弋人联接起耒。 再结合吐斑 0H Morans job to helpchange that是 Jason Moran 所做的事情帮助改变了那个情况笃所次可推测 thai 指代的是 前文中爵士乐在年轻一代人中失去吸引力的现象。故选2. 2016 全国卷ICIamPeterHodes,avolunteerstemcellcourier.SinceMarch2012,Ivedone89tr

10、ipsofthose, 51 have been abroad. I have 42 hours to carry stem cells（干纟田胞）in my little box becauseIve got two ice packs and thats how long they last. In all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor（ 捐献者）to the time they can be implanted in the patient, weve got 72 hours at most. So I

11、 am always con scious of time.I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stemcells in Provide nee, Rhode Isla nd, and was meant to fly to Wash ington the n back to London. Butwhe n I arrived at the check-i n desk at Provide nee, the lady on the desk said:“

12、 Well, Im reallysorry, Ive got some bad news for you there are no fights from Washington. ” So I took my boxand put it on the desk and I said: “ In this box are some stem cells thatare urge ntly n eededfor a patient please, please, youve got to get meback to the United Kingdom. ” She just dropped ev

13、erything. Shearranged for a flighton a small plane to be held for me, re-routed（ 改道 ） methroughNewark and got me back to the UK eve n earlier tha n origi nally scheduled.For this courier job, youre con sciously aware that in that box youve got someth ing thatis pote ntially going to save somebodys l

14、ife.29. Which of the following can replace the underlined word“courier ” in Paragraph 1?A. Provider.B. Delivery man.C. Collector.D. Medical doctor.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在一次运送造血干细胞途中的一段经历，表现了人7. What does the un derl ined worddownside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?们之间的友爱。29. B 词义猜测题。根据文章第一段中的rve do

15、ne 89 trips”和I have 42 hours to carry stemcells（干细胞）in my little box ”以及第二段的内容可知，作者是运送干细胞的人，也就是deliverymar。故选 B。3.2016 全国卷HBFive years ago, whe n I taught art at a school in Seattle, I used Tin kertoys as a test at the beg inning of a term tofind out someth ing about my stude nts. I put a small set

16、of Tin kertoys in front of each stude nt, and said: Makesometh ing out of the Tin kertoys. You have 45 minu testoday and 45 minu tes each day for the rest of the week.”A few stude nts hesitated to start. They waited to see what the rest of the class would do.Several others checked the in struct ions

17、 and made somethi ng accord ing to one of the model pla ns provided. Ano thergroup built someth ing out of their own imagi nati ons.Once I had a boy who worked experime ntallywith Tin kertoysin his free time. His con struct ionsfilled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at ho

18、me. I was delighted at the prese nce of such astude nt. Here was an excepti on ally creative mi nd at work. His prese nce meant that I had an un expected teach ingassista nt in class whose creativity would in fect（感染）other stude nts.En courag ing this kind of thinking has a dow nside. Iran the risk

19、of los ing those stude ntsfail one would declare,“But rm just notThe stude nt would tell someth ing wildlyor growing three heads. “Thats pretty creative.who had a differentstyle of thinking. Withoutcreative. ”“ Do you dream at ni ght whe n youre asleep?Oh, sure.“ So tell me one of your most in teres

20、t ing dreams.imagin ative.Flying in the sky or in a time machineWho does that for you ?”“ Nobody. I do it. ”“ Really at ni ght, whe n youre asleep?”Sure. ”“ Try doing it i n the daytime, in class, okay5A. Mistake. B. Drawback.C. Difficulty. D. Burde n.【文童犬青】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了柞者在上课的时候通过让学生们拼装玩具从而发现并鼓励 学生

21、们的创造性思维的故事。7. B 词义猜测题。根据第四段的画线词后面的I ran the risk of losing those students who had adiffere nt style of thi nking.”可知，虽然作者采用了这种教学方式，但是也冒着一定的风险，即有可能失去一些不同思维方式的学生，因此这里说明这种教育方式也有不足之处，因此选B。4.2016 全国卷川BOn one of her trips to New York several years ago, Eudora Welty decided to take a couple ofNewYork frien

22、ds out to dinner. They settled in at a comfortable East Side cafe and within minutes, ano ther customer wasapproach ing their table.“ Hey, arent you from Mississippi ?” the elegant, white-haired writer remembered being asked by the stra nger.“ rm from Mississippi too. ”Without a sec ond thought, the

23、 woma n joined the Welty party. When her dinner part ner showedup, she also pulled up a chair.“ They bega n tell ing me all the n ews of Mississippi，” Welty said. “ I did nt know what myNew York friends were thinking. ”Taxis on a rainy NewYork night are rarer than sunshine. By the time the group got

24、 up to leave, it was pouringoutside. Weltys new friends immediately sent a waiter to find a cab. Heading back downtown toward her hotel, herbig-city friends were amazed at the tu rn of events that had changed their Big Apple dinner into a Mississippi statereunion（团聚）.“ My friend said: Now we believe

25、 your stories ，” Welty added. “ And I said: Now youknow. These are the people that make me write them _ .”Sitting on a sofa in her room, Welty, a slim figure in a simple gray dress, looked pleased with this expla nati on.7. What does the un derl ined worddownside” in Paragraph 6 probably mean?I dont

26、 make them up，” she said of the characters in her fictionthese last 50 or so years.“ I dont have to.”Beauticians, bartenders,piano players and people with purple hats, Weltys people come from7after noons spe nt visit ing with old frien ds, from walks through the streets of her n ative Jacks on. Miss

27、, from con versations overheard on a bus. It annoys Welty that, at 78, her left ear has nowgiven out. Sometimes, sitting on a bus or a train, she hears only a fragment（ 片断）of a particularly in teresti ng story.6. The un derl ined word“ them ” in Paragraph 6 refers to Weltys _ .A. readers B. partiesC

28、. friends D. stories【文童犬意】这是一篇记叙文文童通过作家恥 1 切一次与朋左在外面吃饭的经历讲述了小说中的 1 人物 大多都是来自现实生活。D 词义猜测题。根抿倒数第四段痕 ty 与她朋友的对话可推断出 them 指代的意义 4 她的朋友说：“现 在我们相信懈写的故事了 Welty 说：卅尔知道,是这些人便我写出这些故事的。”故选 D 项5.2015 全国卷I,CSalvador Dali （1904-1989） was one of the most popularof modern artists. The Pompidou Centrein Paris is sho

29、wing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality withan exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more. Amongthe works and masterworks onexhibitionthe visitor will find the best pieces, most importantlyThePersistenee of Memory.There is alsoL

30、 Enigme sans Finfrom 1938, works on paper, objects, and projects for stageand scree n and selected parts from televisi on programmes reflect ing theartist s showman qualities.The visitor will en ter the World of Dali through an egg and is met with the beg inning, theworld of birth. The exhibition fo

31、llows a path of time and subject with the visitorexiting throughthe brai n.The exhibiti on shows how Dali draws the viewer betwee n two infin ities （无限）.“ From theinfinity small to the infin ity large, con tract ion and expa nsion coming in and out of focus: amaz ing Flemish accuracy andthe showy Ba

32、roque of old pain ti ng that he used in his museum-theatre in Figueres, ” explains the Pompidou Centre.The fine selectio n of the major works was done in close collaborati on （合作）with the MuseoNacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with con tributi on s from other in stituti ons like theSalvador

33、 Dali Museum in St. Petersburg, Florida.31. What does the word“contributions ” in the last paragraph refer to?A. Artworks. B. Projects. C. Don ati ons.D. Docume nts.【答案】31. A【解析】试题分析：本交主要介绍了最受双迎的现代艺术家荫尔瓦釦达刊的莒术作品在巴舉蓬皮杜艺术中心展览的 堀节3L A 词义推测题.根据文章最后一段 The fine sdection cfthc major i.-orks was done in dos

34、e collaboration合 作）with the Museo Nadonal Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from oth 燈 institutions likeSalvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg.可 UA 推测出 tntributioa 为艺术作品之一故选 A 6.2015 全国卷n.AMy color televisi on has give n me no thi ng but a headache. I was able to buy it a little o

35、vera year ago because I had my relatives give memoney for my birthday in stead of clothes that would n t fit. I let asalesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model. I realized this a day later, whe n I saw n ewspaper advertiseme ntsfor the set at seve nty-five dollars less tha n I had paid.The

36、set worked so beautifulwhen I first got it home that I would keep it on until stationssignedoff for the night. Fortunately, I didn t get anychannels showing all-night movies or I wouldn ever have gotte n to bed.Then I started developing a problem with the set that involved static（静电）noise. For somer

37、eas on, whe n certa in shows switched into a commercial, a loud no ise would sound for a few sec on ds. Gradually, thisnoise began to appear during a show, and to get rid of it, I had to change to ano ther cha nnel and the n cha nge it back.Sometimes this tech nique would not work, and I had to pick

38、 up the set and shake it to remove the soun d. I actually began to build up my arm muscles（肌肉）shak ing my set.When n either of these methods removed the static no ise, I would sit helplessly and wait forthe noise to go away. At last I ended up hitting the set with my first, and it stopped working al

39、together. My trip to the repairshop cost me $62, and the sit is working well now, but I keep expect ing more trouble.22. Which of the following an best replace the phrase“signed off ” in paragraph 1?A.en ded all their programsA. Artworks. B. Projects. C. Don ati ons.D. Docume nts.B.provided fewer ch

40、a nn elsC.cha nged to commercialsD.showed all-ni ght movies【答案】22. A【解析】试题分析：珑的彩电带给我的只有让我头疼的事.从一开始就让我很不痛快.因为珑花的ttr 告上的多，这还不算，机子唾过时的，而且晴重也有间题，先是接受频道不全，接着杲噪音不断，最后只好自己花 钱去修.22.A 词义推测题根据后一句 Fortujiately, I didnt get any channels showing all-night movies or I would neverliave gattento bed.：幸运的是，我没有可以整晩看电

41、影的频道，否则我就不能睡觉了，故选 A.7.【2014 全国卷n.A】Arriving in Sydney on his own fromIndia, my husband ,Rashid, stayed in a hotel fora short time while look ing for a house for me and our childre n.During the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some shopping. He came back inthe late after noon to disc

42、over that his suitcase was gone. He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers, in cludi ng his passport.He reported the case to the police and then sat there , lost and Ionely in strange city, thinkingof the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from

43、 a distant country while trying to settle down in anew one.Late in the evening, the phone rang. It was a stranger.He was trying to pronounce my husband sn ame and was ask ing him a lot of questi ons. Then he said they had found a pile of papers in theirtrash can （垃圾桶）that had bee n left out on the f

44、ootpath.My husba nd rushed to their home to find a kind family holdi ng all his papers and docume nts.Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers. Her parentshad carefully sorted them out, although they had found mainly foreig n addresses on most of thedocume

45、 nts. At last they had see n a half-writte n letter in the pile in which my husba nd had give nhis new telepho ne nu mber to a friend.That family not only restored the importa nt docume nts to us that day but also restored our_faith and trust in people. Westill remember their kindness and often send

46、 a warm wish their way.11【小题 3】.What does the underlined word“ restored ” in the last paragraph mean?A. ShowedB. Sen t outC. DeliveredD. Gave back【答案】【小题 3】D【解析】试题分析：本文属于记叙文题材.在文中作苕讲述了她们一家经历的一件重情.作者的丈夫不慎丢失了文件 包，正当着急的时候，有人打电话给送了回来，原来是那家人的小孩在坟圾桶旁边发现了这些文件，通过 这件熬養家不仅找回了丢失的文件也找回了对 Airiffi 信任卜题刃 D 若査矯测词义.

47、A 展灵 務骯比 C 运釜 D 归还匚 C 选顼容易彼误选，要注意 driver 侧重 送货上门-而根据文章 IHStM 二段 My busbar?rushed rc their homr . find a kind family holding al! tus papers and docum 牡nts 可知那家人把捡到的文件替作者的丈夫保存着，然后亲自送还给他.由此判断”归还那更符 合语境8.【2014 全国卷n,C】One of the latest trend （趋势） in American Childcare is Chinese au pairs. Au Pair in Stam

48、ford, for example, has gotincreasing numbers of request for Chinese au pairs from aero to around 4,000 since 2004. And that s true all across thecountry.I thought it would be useful for him to learn Chinese at an early age” Joseph Stocke, theman agi ng director of s compa ny, says of his 2-year old

49、son.I would at least like to give himthe cha nee to use the Ian guage in the future, ” After only six mon ths of being cared by 25-year-old woma n from China,the boy can already un dersta nd basic Chin ese daily expressi ons, his dad says.Li Drake, a Chinese native raising two children in Minnesota

50、with an American husband, had another reason for lookingfor an au pair from China. She didn t want her children to miss out on theirroots. ” Because I am Chin ese, my husba nd and I wan ted the childre n to keep exposed to（接触）theStaying with a native speaker is better for children than simply sittin

51、g in a classroom,says Suzanne Flynn, a professor in Ianguage education of Children. But parents must understand that just one year withau pair is unlikely to produce wonders. Complete mastery demandscontinued learning un til the age of 10 or 12.”The popularity if au pairs from China has bee n stre n

52、gthe ned by the in creas ing nu mbers ofAmerican parents who want their children who want their children to learn Chinese. It is expected that America n demand for au pairs will con ti nue to rise in the n ext few years.【小题 1 】.What does that term ” au pair ” in the text mean?A. A mother rais ing he

53、r childre n on her ownB. A child learning a foreign Ianguage at homeC. A professor in Ian guage educatio n of childre nD. A young foreig n woma n tak ing care of childre n.【答案】【小题 1】D【解析】试题分析：本文属于说明文体裁。在文中作者提出美国现在存在的一种潮流趋势，即越来越多的美国人希望孩子能够学汉语，而且他们都希望孩子能够在家里和来自中国的学生学习汉语，他们认为这样在生活中通过交流来学习汉语要比在学校学习有优势。【

54、小题 1】D 考查猜测词义。误选项为A，因为文中多次提到学汉语的儿童。但是根据文章第三段.删 another reason for looking for an au pair China.和文章第四段斗 Staying with a native speaker is betterfor children than simply sitting in d niassroon:可以推断美匡 I 家长希望孩子能鏗在家和来自中国的人 f 门 学英语，由此判断凯 pair 是指住在家里可以裁给孩子语言的年轻人，故答案选 D.9.【2013 全国卷n,C】Given that many peoples

55、 moods ( 情绪)are regulated by the chemical action of chocolate, it wasIan guage andculture.shesays.13probably only a matter of time before somebody made the chocolate shop similar to a drug storeof Chinese medicine.Lookinglike a setting from the filmCharlie&theChocolate Factory,Sin gapores Chocol

56、ate Research Facility (CRF) has over 100 varieties of chocolates.its foun deris Chris Lee who grew up at his parents corner store with one hand almost always in the jar ofsweets.If the CRF seems to be a smart idea, thats because Lee is not merely a seas oned salespers onbut also head of a marketi ng

57、 departme nt that has bus in ess relati ons with big n ames such as Levis and Sony. Thatidea surely results in the imagination at work when it comes to making different flavored（味道chocolates.The CRFs produce is green.made within the country and divided into 10 lines, with the AlcoholSeries being the

58、 most popular. The Exotic Series with Sichuan pepper, red bean （豆）.cheese and other flavors 一also does well and is fun to taste. And for chocolate snobs_, who think that theyhave a better kno wledge of chocolate tha n others, the Conno isseur Series uses cocoa bea ns fromTogo, Cuba, Ven ezuela , and Ghana, among others.47. The words chocolate sno bs in Paragraph 3 probably refer to people who_A. are particular about chocolateB. know little about cocoa bea nsC. look dow n upon othersD. like to try new flavors【答案】【小题 47】A【解析】主旨大意文章由巧克力与情第爲关系引出甘虫二克力公司CRF的发展的介绍史。小题跖猜测词义题。h势利；人，choccl-宀心指对巧克力