人教版中考英语语法专题—情态动词教案

1、人教版中考英语专题情态动词教案1. i _ follow you. would you please repeat it?a. cant b. mustnt c. neednt d. shouldnt2. must i hand in my homework now, mr. smith?no, you _.a. cant b. shouldnt c. wouldnt d. neednt3. excuse me, may i keep the book a little longer?sorry. you _ return it today.a. must b. mustnt c. can d

2、. cant4. is the man over there mr. brown?it _ him. he has gone to brazil to watch the 2014 fifa world cup.a. may not b. cant be c. shouldnt d. mustnt5. children _ si t in the front seat of a car. its too dangerous.a. need b. neednt c. must d. mustnt情态动词有具体的词义，但也同助动词一样，需要与其他词语一起构成句子的谓语，另外情态动词没有人称和数的变

3、化，情态动词后必须跟动词原形。考点一：can，may，must等情态动词在陈述句中的用法：1. can的用法：（1）表示能力、许可、可能性。表示能力时一般译为“能、会”，即有种能力，尤其是生来具备的能力，此时may和must均不可代替它。如：she can swim fast, but i cant. （2）表示许可，常在口语中。如：you can use my dictionary. （3）表示推测，意为“可能”，常用于否定句和疑问句中，此时cant译为“不可能”。如：can the news be true?no, it cant be our teacher. he is on a vi

4、sit to the great wall.2. could的用法：（1）can的过去式，意为“能、会”，表示过去的能力。如：he could write poems when he was 10. （2）could在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时could没有过去式的意思。如:could you do me a favour?could i use your pen?yes, you can.（注意回答）3. may的用法：(1)表示请求、许可，比can正式，如：may i borrow your bike? you may go home now.(2)表示推测，谈论可能性，意为“可能，或

5、许”，一般用于肯定句中。如：it may rain tomorrow . she may be at home.(3)may的过去式为might，表示推测时。可能性低于may。如：he is away from school. he might be sick.(4)表示希望、祈求、祝愿，常可译为“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+v例如：may you have a good time. may you be happy! may you succeed！4. must的用法：(1)must表示主观看法，意为“必须、一定”。如：you must stay here until i come ba

6、ck. (2)其否定形式mustnt表示“一定不要” “千万别” “禁止,不许”.如：you mustnt play with fire.(3)对must引导的疑问句，肯定回答为must，否定回答为neednt 或dont have to .如：must i finish my homework?no, you neednt. (4)must表示有把握的推测，用于肯定句。如: the light is on, so he must be at home now.5. need的用法：(1)need表示需要、必须，主要用于否定句和疑问句中，其否定形式为neednt，意为“没有必要，不必”。用ne

7、ed提问时，肯定回答为must，否定回答为neednt或dont have to。如：need i stay here any longer? yes, you must. no. you neednt /dont have to.(2) need还可以作实义动词，此时有人称、数和时态的变化，如果是人作主语后边多接动词不定式。如：i need to do it right now. 如果是物作主语，一般用need doing与need to be done这种情况下应注意两点：主动形式的动名词doing具有被动的含义；该动名词可以改为其动词不定式的被动形式而句子的意义不变。例如：the doo

8、r needs painting. = the door needs to be painted. 6. dare的用法：dare意为“敢、敢于”,用法近似于need，有两种词性：（1）dare作为情态动词，多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中，无第三人称单数形式，只有一般现在时和一般过去时。如：dare he tell them what he knows? i darent ask her will you do it for me?（2）dare作为实义动词，此时有人称、数及时态的变化。如：he doesnt dare to break his promise.注意：口语中，dare的各种形式

9、常与不带to的不定式连用。如：do you dare tell her what i said?7. shall的用法：shall表示征求对方意见（多用于第一、三人称），如：shall we go out for a walk?8. should的用法：（1）should意为“应该”，可表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等。如：we should protect the environment.（2）should have done表示对过去动作的责备、批评。如：you should have finished your homework.9. will的用法：will表示意愿、意志、打算，可用于多种

10、人称。如：i will help you if im free this afternoon.10. had better的用法：had better意为“最好”，没有人称的变化，后面接不带to的不定式，其否定形式为：had better not。【例1】i forgot to bring my dictionary. could i use yours? yes, you _.a. can b. must c. could d. should【例2】the man is feeling much better now, so you _ call a doctor.a. neednt b.

11、cant c. mustnt d. shouldnt【例3】if you _ smoke, please go outside .a. can b. may c. must d. might【例4】after you read the article “why fast food is slowly killing you”, you_ stop eating fast food.a. can b. may c. have to d. should【例5】look at the “no parking” sign. you _park your car here.a. should b. mu

12、st c. neednt d. mustnt考点二：含有情态动词的疑问句的回答:1.对may引出的问句，可以有下列回答方式：肯定回答：yes, you may. /yes, of course. /yes, certainly. / sure .否定回答：no, you mustnt. / no, you cant.2.对must引出的疑问句，回答方式为：肯定：yes, must. 否定：no, neednt/ dont have to.3.could在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时could没有过去式的意思。如:could you do me a favour? could i use yo

13、ur pen? yes, you can.（注意回答）4. shall引出的疑问句用于第一人称，表示征求对方意见或客气的请求。其回答方式有以下几种：yes, please. / all right. / no, thank you.5.would you的回答方式有以下几种：yes, i will. (no, i wont.)sure . (im sorry , i cant.)all right/ ok/ with pleasure.certainly. (no, thank you .)yes, please.考点三:不同情态动词的否定意义也不同：1.（1）cant可译为“不会”，如：i

14、cant play basketball.（2）当句子表推测时，用cant表达不可能，如：he cant be ill. he is playing chess with tom.（3）cant还可用来回答“ may i ? ”这样的问句。如：may i come in ? no, you mustnt. / cant.（4）cant还可用于固定习语中。cant help doing禁不住，情不自禁cant wait to do something迫不及待地要做2. may的否定式为may not，译成“可能不”，如：he may not be at home.3.（1）mustnt表示不许，

15、不可。如：he mustnt leave his room.（2） mustnt也可用于以may表示要求时的否定回答中。如：may i stand here?no, you mustnt (cant).4.（1）neednt意为“不必”。如：you neednt meet him unless youd like to.5. shouldnt表示不应该。如：you shouldnt feel so unhappy over such little things.考点四:情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的被动语态的结构为：情态动词+ be + done (动词的过去分词)。做题时要兼顾情态动词和被

16、动语态这两个方面。考点五:情态动词表示推测的用法:一、“情态动词+动词原形”表示对现在的推测。1、can表示推测时一般用于否定句或疑问句。如：that man cant be her husband because she is still single.2、must表示肯定的推测，一般用于肯定句中。如：he must be in his office now.3、might表示推测时不一定是may的过去时，只是表示其可能性较小。如：the man may be the headmaster.4、could表示推测时，语气can比要弱，说话者留有余地。如：could it be an anim

17、al?it could not be，because it is not moving.【情态动词易混点归纳】易混点一: can和be able to:两者表示能力时用法相同，但can只有原形“can”和过去式“could”两种形式，在其他时态中要用be able to来表示。另外be able to常常指经过努力，花费了时间和劳力之后才能做到某事。易混点二:can和may1. can和may均可用来征求意见或许可，意为“可以”，一般可互换使用。如：can/ may i help you ? 2. can和may表示可能性时的区别：1)在肯定句中用might，may，must，不用can2)在

18、疑问句中表示推测用can，不用might，may，must3)在否定句中用cant（不可能），不用may，must。如：she may be in the classroom .她可能在教室里。where can they be now?他们现在可能在哪儿？that cant be true.那不可能是真的。易混点三: may be和maybemay be may为情态动词，be为动词原形 句中，作谓语maybe 副词，大概、也许，相当于perhaps 句首，作状语例如：he may be wrong , but im not sure.也许他错了，但我也不确定。易混点四：cant和mustn

19、t1. cant根据其基本用法可译为：（1）不会。如：i cant speak english .我不会说英语。（2）不能。如：we cant do it now because its too dark.天太黑了，我们现在干不了。（3）否定句中表示推测。“不可能”，如：the man cant be our teacher because he is much younger than our teacher.。2. mustnt意为“禁止、不许”，用来表达命令，表示强烈的语气。如：you mustnt play football in the street. its too dangero

20、us.易混点五：must和have to1.must侧重于个人意志和主观上的必要。have to侧重于客观上的必要，可用于现在时、过去时和将来时。易混点六: used to do / be used to doing / be used to do/ be used for doing sthused to do表示过去常常发生的动作，强调过去，只用于过去；而be used to doing意为“习惯做”；be used to do意为“被使用去做,”为被动语态形式。be used for doing sth“用作”【例1】we _ pay to get into the concert. i

21、t's free.a. cant b. mustnt c. might not d. dont have to【例2】may i take this magazine out of the reading room? no, you _. you read it in here.a. mightnt b. wont c. neednt d. mustnt【例3】_ you leave now? you only arrived here an hour ago. sorry, but so much homework is waiting for me.a. may b. must c

22、. can d. might 【例4】a country has dreams. we teenagers _ also have dreams. with dreams and hard work, anything amazing can be created.a. may                   b. must      

23、0;              c. should【例5】must i return the book this week? no, you   _   . you can   _   it for 20 days.a. mustnt, keep   b. neednt, borrow  

24、      c. neednt, keep【能力提升】1. dad, must we wait until the light becomes green?yes, i'm afraid we_ .that's the traffic rule.a. can       b. may        c. have to    

25、60; d. need2. _        i see your id card, sir? we have to check your information.a. may          b. must             c. should  &

26、#160;         d. need3. finish your homework first, then youll _ watch tv for an hour.a. can     b. be able to     c. able      d could4. amy, i hear youve got many foreign co

27、ins. _ i have a look?   of course, ill fetch them for you.a. may            b. must         c. should             d. nee

28、d5. where are you going this month?    we_ go to xiamen, but we're not sure.a. neednt            b. must             c. might   

29、60;                 d. mustn't6. may i go out for a while, mom?no, you        . you have to finish your homework first.a. shouldn't     b. nee

30、dn't      c. mustn't           d. won't7. students in our school _ know shouting is not allowed in the library.a. can             

31、60;   b. may           c. must           d. need8. _ i have lunch now, mom?no. you must wash your hands first.a. would         

32、60;   b. may                  c. ought to9. can i borrow your ruler，please?yes，you _   . but you must return it to me before lunchtime.a. have   b. can   c. must   d. used to10. can i pa