美国的奴隶制-Slavery-In-America教学资料

1、Slavery in America1609-1865第一页，共11页。OriginsSlavery has existed since the beginning of human history.People were enslaved for a number of reasons some of which include; being captured in battle, owing a debt or being born to slave parents.The word “slave” comes from the Slavic people of eastern Europ

2、e who were conquered so often that the their name became synonymous with servitude.Most cultures around the world have practiced slavery in one form or another.第二页，共11页。Middle PassageThe leg of the Atlantic slave trade that transported African people from Africa to slave markets in the Americas.It w

3、as called the Middle Passage because it was the second of the three part triangle trade route.Slaves were packed tightly on ships, shackled and fed very little for the 3-5 month journey.About 18 million Africans were transported between 1600 and 1800, with about 3 million dying on the way.第三页，共11页。M

4、iddle Passage1123El Mino Slave CastleGhanaDoorway of no return第四页，共11页。Arrival in AmericaNative Americans were originally enslaved by the Europeans, but after many died from diseases, they began importing African slaves who were resistant to European diseases.The first African slaves arrived in Amer

5、ica on a Portuguese ship at Jamestown, VA in 1609.Prior to arrival in America slaves were usually fed better in order to make them look healthy.Slaves were auctioned off to plantation owners and businessmen from the city and performed a variety of tasks. Slave Auction第五页，共11页。Slave CodesSlave codes

6、were laws meant to control slaves.These codes forbid slaves from learning to read, owning firearms, or marrying a white person.The penalty a slave faced for learning to read was having a thumb cut off!These laws also made the children born to slaves automatically slaves for life (generational slaver

7、y). The ends of a whip were tipped with iron barbsThis slave collar was equipped with bells.A slave yolk was used to bind two slaves together.Captured African slaveSlave tags, similar to dog tags were worn by slaves.第六页，共11页。Slaves Resisted!Slaves didnt just sit back and accept a life of servitudeSl

8、aves resisted in a number of ways including; escaping, slowing down on the job, intentionally doing a job wrong or participating in violent rebellion.One of the most famous slave revolts occurred in Virginia. A slave named Nat Turner led 70 other slaves in the killing of 55 white men, women and chil

9、dren. Turner and his men were later captured and hung.Slaves also resisted by singing spirituals, or religious folk songs that often contained coded messages. Slave spirituals led to the creation of both jazz and the blues.Southern account of Turners rebellion.Nat TurnerReward Poster第七页，共11页。The Und

10、erground RailroadThe Underground Railroad was a large network of people who helped fugitive slaves escape to the North and to Canada.It is estimated that up to 100,000 slaves escaped the South with the help of “conductors”, or guides. The most famous of these guides was Harriet Tubman.Slaves escapin

11、g North would use a series of “stations”, or safe houses to rest in along the route. The paths that slaves traveled towards the North were known as “tracks”.While slavery was outlawed in the North, escaping slaves were not truly free until they reached Canada.This quilt shows the track pattern which

12、 told escaped slaves that this was a “station”, or safe place.Lawn Jockeys were used to mark stations on the underground railroad.Harriet Tubman第八页，共11页。第九页，共11页。Bethel AME ChurchGreenwich TownshipHolden HouseJersey CityPeter Mott HouseLawnsideCroft FarmCherry HillWheatleysBurlington* In 1745 there

13、were about 4,000 slaves in New Jersey, mostly in the southern part of the state.第十页，共11页。 The Abolition of SlaveryFrom 1861-1865 Americans in the North and South fought the Civil War over the issue of slavery.A total of more than 600,000 people on both sides died.In January of 1863, President Lincoln made clear that he sought to end the institution of slavery when he signed the Emancipation Proclamatio