2019-2020学年高中英语单元综合检测(四)(含解析)牛津译林版10

1、学必求其心得，业必贵于专精- 1 - 单元综合检测（四） . 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题 2分，满分 30分）alistening to music while you drive can improve your speed and ability to get away from accidents, according to australian psychologists. but turning your car radio up to full volume could probably make you end up in an accident 。 the performan

2、ce of difficult tasks can be affected if people are subjected to loud noise. the experience of pulling up at traffic lights alongside cars with loud music made some psychologists in the university of sydney look into whether loud music has something to do with driving。the psychologists invited 60 me

3、n and women aged between 20 and 28 as subjects and tested them on almost the same driving tasks under three noise conditions: silence， rock music played at a gentle 55 decibels（分贝)， and the same music at 85 decibels。for 10 minutes the subjects sat in front of a screen operating a simple machine like

4、 a car 。they had to track a moving disk on screen, respond to traffic signals changing color, and brake in response to arrows that 学必求其心得，业必贵于专精- 2 - appeared without warning 。on the tracking task ， there was no difference in performance under the three noise conditions。 but under both the loud and

5、quiet music conditions, the performers “braked ” at a red light about 50 milliseconds sooner than they did when there was no rock music at all 。 that could mean a reduction in braking distance of a couple of meters actually, the difference between life and death for a pedestrian.when it came to the

6、arrows that appeared across the visual field, the psychologists found that when the music was quiet ，people responded faster to objects in their central field of sight by about 50 milliseconds 。for the people listening at 85 decibels ， response time dropped by a further 50 millisecondsa whole tenth

7、of second faster than those “ driving” with no music。“but theres a trade.off,” the psychologists told the european congress of psychology。“they lose the ability to look around the whole situation effectively. ” in responding to objects that suddenly appeared, people subjec ted to 85-decibel rock mus

8、ic were around 100 milliseconds slower than both the other groups. since some accidents-such as children running into the road-take place without any notice ， drivers listening to 学必求其心得，业必贵于专精- 3 - loud music must be less safe as a result。【语篇解读】文章讲述了澳大利亚心理学家通过对60个男女司机在不放音乐、放55 分贝音乐和 85分贝音乐的情况下，看看音乐

9、分贝的大小对司机会产生怎样的影响.1which of the following is the best way to make driving safer？aloud music。 bquiet music 。csilence 。 dheavy metal music 。【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段前两句listening to music while you drive can improve your speed and ability to get away from accidents, according to australian psychologists. but turn

10、ing your car radio up to full volume could probably make you end up in an accident。 澳大利亚心理学家说你开车时听音乐可以提高你的速度和远离交通事故的能力。但是车里的收音机声音被调到最大时可能会使你发生交通事故。【答案】b2where did the researchers do the experiment？aat crossroads 。bat a police traffic station.cin a crowded street 。学必求其心得，业必贵于专精- 4 - dunder the same c

11、onditions as those of the streets。【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句tested them on almost the same driving tasks under three noise conditions可知。【答案】d3 which of the following didn t help the performers to “ brake ” sooner at red lights ？asilence. bloud music。cquiet music 。 drock music 。【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段第二句but under bo

12、th the loud and quiet music conditions, the performers “braked ” at a red light about 50 milliseconds sooner than they did when there was no rock music at all。但在大声的和安静的音乐条件下,表演者看到红灯时刹车时间要比在没有摇滚音乐的情况下约快50 毫秒。由此可知the loud and quiet music ，rock music这三种音乐可以帮助他们在红灯时早点踩刹车。【答案】a4which of the following is

13、not true of loud music ？ait helped the performers to brake sooner at red lights。bit helped the performers to be more careful.学必求其心得，业必贵于专精- 5 - cit helped the performers to respond faster to objects suddenly stepping in the way.dit can do more good than harm to drivers 。【 解 析 】推 理 判 断 题。 根 据 文 章 最 后

14、 一 句 since some accidents such as children running into the road take place without any notice, drivers listening to loud music must be less safe as a result.有一些交通事故，比如孩子突然跑到马路上-没有注意到就发生了。关键词 less safe ，说明这种情况下司机的反应慢。【答案】cbriding a london subway, a person from china will notice one major difference

15、： in london, people do not look at each other. in fact, eye contact is avoided at all times 。 thats not rudeness-people are just too busy to bother looking 。busy doing what, you ask？ well, theyre certainly not using the time for a moment of quiet reflection ， nor are they reading a book. new technol

16、ogy has replaced quiet habits。 today the only acceptable form of book on the london underground is an e-book.apple must earn a fortune from london commuters( 乘车上下班的学必求其心得，业必贵于专精- 6 - 人). since the launch of the iphone in 2007, over 40 ，000yes ， thats 40,000- “apps” (programs downloaded for the iphon

17、e） have been designed 。commuters love them because they are the perfect time.killers. one “ app ”，called ishoot, is a game that features tanks. another one ，tube exits， tells passengers where to sit on the train to be closest to the exit of their destination 。 isteam clouds the iphone screen when yo

18、u breathe into the microphone 。 you can then write in the “ steam ” on your phone screen.for those without an iphone, another apple product, the ipod, may be another choice 。 it s not just teenagers who “plug in” to their musicipods are a popular way to pass the time for all ages.and if games, e 。 b

19、ooks and music aren t enough to keep you engaged, then perhaps you would prefer a film. the development of palm dvd technology means many commuters watch their favorite tv show or film on the way to work. with all these entertainments, its amazing that people still remember to get off the train 。【语篇

20、解读】本文主要讲述的是在伦敦坐地铁的人总是忙于使用自己的手机、 ipad 等来看书、听音乐、玩游戏等。以此来告诉学必求其心得，业必贵于专精- 7 - 我们新的技术正在改变人们在车上度过时间的方法. 5people in london do not make eye contact on the subway because they are busy a playing games ， reading e 。 books， listening to music or watching filmsbgoing to workcreading booksdthinking about privat

21、e things【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的today the only acceptable form of book on the london underground is an e-book.和第五段的for those without an iphone, another apple product, the ipod, may be another choice. its not just teenagers who “plug in” to their music和最后一段的 the development of palm dvd technology means many

22、commuters watch their favorite tv show or film 及第四段内容可知a 项中的四件事是伦敦地铁上的人经常做的事情。故a 正确。【答案】a6those who like war games can download to their iphones 。atube exits bishoot学必求其心得，业必贵于专精- 8 - cisteam dipod【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段的 one “ app ”, called ishoot, is a game that features tanks.可知 ishoot是一款战斗游戏。故喜欢游戏战斗的人应该

23、喜欢这个app。故 b 正确。【答案】b7 the underlined word “ engaged ” in the last paragraph probably means “”adelighted bbusyccontrolled damused【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的and if games, e -books and music arent enough to keep you engaged，then。.a film.可知如果游戏、音乐以及电子书都不能让你忙碌,那么看电影也许会适合你。因为这些娱乐的方式能够让我们忙碌得很充实.故 b 正确.【答案】b8the arti

24、cle tells us that alondon commuters are unfriendly to strangersbapple has earned a lot of money from selling 40，000 iphones c with all the new time 。 killers， london commuters often forget to get off the train 学必求其心得，业必贵于专精- 9 - dtechnology is changing the way london commuters spend their traveling

25、time 。【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是在伦敦坐地铁的人总是忙于使用自己的手机、ipad 等。以此来告诉我们新的技术正在改变人们在车上度过时间的方法。故d 正确.【答案】dctheyre wild animalsby ernst.ulrich franzenmarch 11， 2010 (3) commentsthe story about the woman who lost some fingers while feeding a bear at a zoo in manitowoc, after she ignored warnings and barriers （栅栏)， re

26、minded me of the story i heard about a couple who put their baby on the back of a wild horse in south dakota to get a really cute picture。we all do silly things at times - no one is immune but treating wild animals as lovely pets has to fall into a special category。 teddy bears and disney movies are

27、nt actually representative of real bears。comments (3) view comments 3 comments学必求其心得，业必贵于专精- 10 - post a comment1tosaleft 。 mar 11， 2010 10:46amdont you think that maybe，just maybe some alcohol was involved？2tk421 。 mar 11, 2010 11:09 amit was already approved that alcohol was involved. stories that

28、 begin with a drunk person saying “hey， i got an idea ， watch this ！” rarely end well. 3tristan kloss 。 mar 11, 2010 11:41 amalcohol certainly isn t involved when people decide to keep “pets like chimpanzees, baby tigers, etc。 stupidity， definitely。 dogs are pets because of thousands of years of dom

29、estication。 even farm animals，which have been kept by humans for thousands of years as well, arent let in the house. so why keep animals that treat human contact with， at best, indifference( 冷淡、不在乎）and， at worst， violence? 【语篇解读】本文主要讲述的是一些人因为看了动画片，而和真实的动物接触，因此受到了伤害甚至丢失了自己的生命,据此展开了讨论9in ernst。ulrich

30、franzens opinion, the woman lost her fingers 学必求其心得，业必贵于专精- 11 - because athe zoo keepers didn t warn her of the dangerbshe didn t know the bear was a wild animalcshe was somehow influenced by cartoon charactersdshe climbed over the barriers and angered the bear【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话teddy bears and di

31、sney movies aren t actually representative of real bears.可知这位女士受了动画片的影响，把现实中的动物当作动画片中的角色，才导致了悲剧的发生。【答案】c10tosaleft thinks the wounded woman amay have been drunkbmay be a little stupidcwas addicted to winedfed wine to the bear【解析】细节理解题。根据他说的话dont you think that maybe ， just maybe some alcohol was inv

32、olved？可知关键词是 alcohol。【答案】a11tk421 means a drunk person 学必求其心得，业必贵于专精- 12 - ashould be forbidden to enter the zoobusually gets himself into troublecis often fond of making up storiesdusually likes to show himself off【解析】推理判断题。根据这一段的stories that begin with a drunk person saying “ hey，i got an idea， wa

33、tch this！” rarely end well。 可知喝酒的人很少有好结局(rarely end well ）.【答案】b12what does tristan kloss think of people treating wild animals as pets?akind。billegal.cloving. dstupid.【解析】细节理解题。根据这一段第一句话alcohol certainly isnt involved when people decide to keep “ pets like chimpanzees，baby tigers, etc 。 stupidity ，

34、 definitely可知。【答案】ddcomputer games have been criticised for quite some time over a whole range of issues. some people say they are overly violent and 学必求其心得，业必贵于专精- 13 - encourage violent behaviour particularly in children。 others say that they make children unsociable and are bad for their eyes 。 s

35、ome have even attributed falling standards of literacy and a lack of interest in reading on them。 now， however, it seems that computer games have also become a feminist issue.game manufacturers have， for some time, been looking to increase the number of female game players.the vast majority of compu

36、ter games still sell to a mainly male market。 perhaps this is because the violent nature of many of the games appeals more to males or perhaps because many of the main characters in the games are male 。 manufacturers attempts to produce more female characters increase their share of the female gamin

37、g market which has met with serious criticism from many womens groups 。while heroines such as lara croft of the tomb raider game are seen as providing positive role models of strong women, many believe that the character s unrealistic barbies are subconsciously setting unattainable standards in the

38、minds of young women 。 perhaps a stronger criticism is that although many games now include female characters ， their role is often secondary and they support the main， male， action characters 学必求其心得，业必贵于专精- 14 - within the games. of course the nature of many of the games remains violent and destruc

39、tive and this in itself could well continue to put off female gamers 。there are now, however, a number of websites springing up on the world wide web to help women deal with this issue。 sites such as gamegirlz， womengamersand gamegaloffer game reviews, articles ，discussion forums and even employment

40、 opportunities for women interested in becoming part of the rapidly expanding games industry。 the games are reviewed by women from a very female perspective. some rate the games from one to ten across a range of criteria which include the appearance of the female characters， the degree of intelligen

41、ce attributed to them in the game and even the marketing attitude adopted by the company 。the sites are obviously looking for games that move away from the very male dominated and violent nature of the majority of computer games 。 many of them review games that are more constructive and developmenta

42、l 。 although the common fantasy themes of knights，witches and goblins （妖精） still exist within these games， the aims are often very different。 instead of destroying opposing armies，the aim of the game can be to make peace with them。学必求其心得，业必贵于专精- 15 - with this increased degree of awareness and invol

43、vement from women in the games industry many positive changes could be made that could encourage more women and young girls to become enthusiastic about technology 。 perhaps we may even find more male gamers moving away from the traditional violent and destructive games towards the more positive val

44、ues promoted by these more feminine role models, after all tomb raider is still one of the most popular computer games on the market， but perhaps thats too much to ask.【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了当今电脑游戏行业已经悄然发生一些变化 .目前女性在游戏行业的许多积极的变化可能鼓励更多的妇女和年轻女孩热衷于电脑游戏方面的技术。13what is paragraph 1 mainly about ？athe violence in co

45、mputer games.bcommon criticisms of computer games.cchildrens feeling in computer games。dthe computer issues.【解析】段意概括题。第一段作者主要讲述了对电脑游戏的总的批评 .故选 b 项。【答案】b学必求其心得，业必贵于专精- 16 - 14manufacturers want to produce more female characters in order to aincrease sales in the male marketbhelp women learn how to pl

46、ay computer gamescencourage more women to buy computer gamesdincrease the number of male game players【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“ increase their share of the female gaming market”可知答案为c。【答案】c15from the passage we know that tomb raider is aa film which provides positive role models of strong women ba site which

47、 helps women to deal with many issues ca female role which is secondary in many gamesda computer game which is very popular on the market【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段可知正确答案为d.【答案】d . 阅读七选五（共 5小题；每小题 2分，满分 10分）this is the season for giving. looking to get in touch with your generous side? learn these four habits

48、of truly thoughtful gift givers。学必求其心得，业必贵于专精- 17 - 116 considerate gift giving is as much about planning as it is about how well you know the person. take time to think about his or her personality and interests to figure out how he or she will get the most value。2they dont focus on cost 。the pract

49、ice of thoughtful giving offers a wealth of benefits, but that doesnt mean givers should focus on expensive gifts。 17 it seems that having more cash could actually reduce compassion（同情 ) and isn t compassion what this time of year is all about? so don t take it too hard if you dont have a lot to spe

50、nd. 18 3they make gifts personal.gifting is an opportunity to let a person know how much you appreciate and love him， and show how well you know him. 19 book a massage （按摩 ), take them to a wine tasting event, or get a couple of tickets to a concert or show. if youre buying for a parent， taking thei

51、r kids for an evening could be the best gift of all.4they think about the presentation.20 see what you have around your house to customize （自定义） packaging 。 you can use pretty towels to cover something like a 学必求其心得，业必贵于专精- 18 - bottle of wine。 you can also tie on a decoration that fits the theme of

52、 your gift.athey plan ahead 。binstead, get creative.cthey enjoy giving more than receiving。din fact， thoughtful gift givers dont concentrate on the cost of presents 。ethoughtful gift givers pay attention to details, including how their gifts are packaged。fmake a list of your ideas ahead of time to m

53、ake sure you find the perfect fit for everyone 。gif youre buying for someone who seems to have everything, consider gifting an experience.【答案】16-20 adbge。完形填空（共20小题;每小题 1.5分，满分 30分）a man and his girlfriend were married。 it was a large 21 . all of their friends and family came to see the lovely cerem

54、ony and to 22 the festivities and celebrations 。 all had a wonderful time. the bride was gorgeous in her white wedding gown and the groom was very dashing in 学必求其心得，业必贵于专精- 19 - his black tuxedo. 23 could tell that the love they had for each other was 24 a few months later, the wife came to the husb

55、and with a（n）25 ， “i read in a magazine ，a while ago ，about how we can strengthen our 26 ， ”she offered 。 “each of us will write a list of the things that we find a bit 27 with the other person 。 then， we can talk about how we can fix them together and make our lives happier together。” the husband 2

56、8 . so each of them went to a（n) 29 room in the house and thought of the things that annoyed them about the other。they thought about this question for the rest of the day and 30 what they came up with 。the next morning， at the breakfast table ， they decided that they would go over their lists 。 “ill

57、 start,” offered the wife. she took out her 31 。 it had many items on it ， enough to fill 3 pages. 32 ， as she started reading the list of the little annoyances，she noticed that tears were starting to appear in her husbands eyes。“whats wrong？” she asked. “33 , the husband replied ，“keep reading your

58、 list 。 ” the wife continued to read until she had read all three pages to her husband。 she neatly placed her list on the table and 学必求其心得，业必贵于专精- 20 - folded her hands over the top of it 。“now， you read your list and then well talk about the things on 34 of our lists， ” she said happily. quietly th

59、e husband stated, “i dont have anything on my list 。 i think that you are 35 the way that you are 。 i don t want you to 36 anything for me. you are lovely and wonderful and i wouldnt want to try and change anything about you 。” the wife，touched by his honesty and the 37 of his love for her and his a

60、cceptance of her ， turned her head and wept 。in life, there are enough times when we are disappointed ，38 and annoyed. we don t really have to go 39 them. we have a wonderful world that is full of beauty, light and 40 . why waste time in this world looking for the bad ， disappointing or annoying whe