动机专业英语词汇

1、发动机engine内燃机intenal combusiton engine动力机装置power unit汽油机gasoline engine汽油喷射式汽油机gasoline-injection engine火花点火式发动机spark ignition engine压燃式发动机compression ignition engine往复式内燃机reciprocating internal combustion engine化油器式发动机carburetor engine柴油机diesel engine转子发动机rotary engine旋轮线转子发动机rotary trochoidal engin

2、e二冲程发动机two-stroke engine四冲程发动机four-stroke engine直接喷射式柴油机direct injection engine间接喷射式柴油机indirect injection engine增压式发动机supercharged engine风冷式发动机air-cooled engine油冷式发动机oil-cooled engine水冷式发动机water-cooled engine自然进气式发动机naturally aspirated engine煤气机gas engine液化石油气发动机liquified petroleum gas engine柴油煤气机di

3、esel gas engine多种燃料发动机multifuel engine石油发动机hydrocarbon engine双燃料发动机duel fuel engine热球式发动机hot bulb engine多气缸发动机multiple cylinder engine对置活塞发动机opposed piston engine对置气缸式发动机opposed-cylinder engine十字头型发动机cross head engine直列式发动机in-line engine星型发动机radial engine筒状活塞发动机trunk-piston engine斯特林发动机stirling engi

4、ne套阀式发动机knight engine气孔扫气式发动机port-scavenged engine倾斜式发动机slant engine前置式发动机front-engine后置式发动机rear-engine中置式发动机central engine左侧发动机left-hand engine右侧发动机right-hand engine短冲程发动机oversquare engine长冲程发动机undersquare engine等径程发动机square engine顶置凸轮轴发动机overhead camshaft engine双顶置凸轮轴发动机dual overhead camshaft engi

5、neV形发动机V-engine顶置气门发动机valve in-head engine侧置气门发动机side valve engine无气门发动机valveless engine多气门发动机multi-valve engine卧式发动机horizontal engine斜置式发动机inclined engine立式发动机vertical engineW形发动机w-engineI形发动机I-engineL形发动机L-engineF形发动机F-engine性能performance二冲程循环two-stroke cycle四冲程循环four-stroke cycle狄塞尔循环diesel cycle

6、奥托循环otto cycle混合循环mixed cycle定容循环constant volume cycle工作循环working cycle等压循环constant pressure cycle理想循环ideal cycle热力循环thermodynamic cycle冲程stroke活塞行程piston stroke长行程long stroke上行程up stroke下行程down stroke进气行程intake stroke充气行程charging stroke压缩行程compression stroke爆炸行程explosion stroke膨胀行程expansion stroke动

7、力行程power stroke排气行程exhaust stroke膨胀换气行程expansion-exchange stroke换气压缩行程exchange-compression stroke止点dead center上止点top dead center(upper dead center)下止点lower dead center(bottom dead center)上止点前BTDC(before top dead center)上止点后atdc(after top dead cetner)下止点前bbdc(before bottom dead center)下止点后abdc(after

8、bottom dead center)缸径cylinder bore缸径与行程bore and stroke空气室energy chamber气缸余隙容积cylinder clearance volume燃烧室容积combustion chamber volume气缸最大容积maximum cylinder volume压缩室compression chamber排气量displacement发动机排量engine displacement活塞排量piston swept volume气缸容量cylinder capacity单室容量single-chamber capacity容积法volu

9、metry压缩比compression ratio临界压缩比critical compression ratio膨胀比expansion ratio面容比surface to volume ratio行程缸径比stroke-bore ratio混合比mixture ratio压缩压力compression pressure制动平均有效压力brake mean effective pressure(bmep)空燃比air fuel ratio燃空比fuel air ratio燃料当量比fuel equivalence ratio扭矩torque单缸功率power per cylinder升功率p

10、ower per liter升扭矩torque per liter升质量mass per liter 减额功率derating power输出马力shaft horsepower马力小时，马力时horsepower-hour总马力gross horse power总功率gross power 净功率net power 燃油消耗量fuel consumption 比燃料消耗率specific fuel consumption空气消耗率air consumption机油消耗量oil consumptioneffective thermal efficiency充气系数volumetric effi

11、ciency过量空气系数coefficient of excess air活塞平均速度mean piston speed发动机转速engine speed (rotational frequency)怠速转速idling speed经济转速economic speed起动转速starting speed最低稳定工作转速lowest continuous speed with load最大扭矩转速speed at maximum torque最高空转转速maximum no load governed speed调速speed governing 超速overspeed怠速idling转速波动率

12、speed fluctuation rate工况working condition(operating mode)额定工况declared working condition变工况variable working condition稳定工况steady working condition空载no-load全负荷full load超负荷气缸cylinder（转子机）缸体stator缸径cylinder bore气缸体机架cylinder block frame气缸盖cylinder head配气机构箱valve mechanism ca

13、sing气缸体隔片cylinder spacer气缸盖密封环cylinder head ring gasket气缸盖垫片cylinder head gasket气缸套cylinder liner(cylinder sleeve)干式缸套dry cylinder liner湿式缸套wet cylinder liner气缸水套water jacketpower performance排放性能emission performance空转特性no

14、0;load characteristics负荷特性part throttle characteristics调速特性governor control characteristics万有特性mapping characteristics气缸体和气缸盖cylinder block and head气缸体cylinder block整体铸造cast inblock (cast enblock)发动机罩engine bonnet燃烧室combustion

15、0;chamber主燃烧室main combustion chamber副燃烧室subsidiary combustion chamber预燃室prechamber涡流燃烧室swirl combustion chamber分开式燃烧室divided combustion chamber涡流式燃烧室turbulence combustion chamber半球形燃烧室hemispherical combustion chamber浴盆形燃烧室bathtub secti

16、on combustion chamberL形燃烧室L-combustion chamber楔形燃烧室wedge-section combustion chamber开式燃烧室open combustion chamber封闭喷射室closed spray chamber活塞顶内燃烧室piston chamber爆发室explosion chamber燃烧室容积比volume ratio of combustion cahmber燃烧室口径比su

17、rface-volume ratio of combustion chamber通道面积比area ratio of combustion chamber passage曲轴箱通气口crankcase breather凸轮轴轴承座camshaft bearing bush seat定时齿轮室罩camshaft drive(gear)cover曲轴箱检查孔盖crankcase door曲轴箱防爆门crankcase explosion&#

18、160;proof door主轴承盖main bearing cap气缸盖罩valve mechanism cover飞轮壳flywheel cover扫气储器scavenging air receiver活塞piston裙部开槽活塞直接冷却式活塞direct-cooled piston间接冷却式活塞indirect cooled piston滑裙活塞slipper piston活塞速度piston speed活塞顶部piston head活塞裙部pist

19、on skirt整体活塞裙solid skirt活塞裙扩大衬簧piston skirt expander滑履式活塞裙slipper skirt隔热槽heat dam活塞标记piston mark活塞销piston pin活塞销孔piston pin boss活塞销衬套piston pin bushing全浮式活塞销full-floating piston pin半浮式活塞销semifloating piston pin固定螺钉式活塞销s

20、et screw piston pin活塞环piston ring组合式活塞环compound piston ring同心活塞环concentric piston ring偏心活塞环eccentric piston ring自由环free ring闭合环closed ring梯形环keystone ring半梯形环half keystone ring矩形环rectangular ring油环oil control r

21、ing开槽油环凸轮轴轴承camshaft bearing 凸轮轴偏心轮camshaft eccentric凸轮轴链轮camshaft sprocket凸轮轴正时齿轮camshaft timing gear凸轮轴齿轮camshaft gear wheel 进口凸轮inlet cam排气凸轮 exhaust cam快升凸轮quick lift cam快升缓降凸轮quick lift gradual clsing cam凸

22、轮轮廓cam contour凸轮包角cam angle正时齿轮timing gear链传动机构chain drive链轮sprocket wheel 链轮盘chain sprocket正时链条timing chain带齿皮带toothed timing belt链条张紧轮chain tension gear半速齿轮half speed gear正时齿轮刻印记号timing gear punch mark气门valve进气过程i

23、ntake process换气过程gas exchange process扫气过程scavenging process给气比delivery ratio分层充气stratified charge充量系数volumetric efficiency涡流比swirl rate进气涡流intake swirl螺旋进气道进气helical duct intake导流屏式气门进气masked valve intake切向进气道进气tangential duct

24、0;intake进气紊流intake trubulence进气提前角intake advance angle进气持续角intake duration angle进气迟后角intake lag angle进面值time-area value气门升程valve lift气门正时valve timing扫气口面积scavenging port area菌形气门mashroom valve, poppet valve钠冷却气门sodium fi

25、lled valve(natrium cooled valve)双气门dual valve进气门intake valve (suction valve,inlet valve)排气门exhaust valve顶置气门overhead valve侧置气门distributor fuel injection pump多缸燃油喷射泵multicylinder fuel injection pump框架安装式燃油喷射泵cradle m

26、ounted injection pump喷油始点fuel injection beginning喷油终点fuel injection end喷油持续角fuel injection duration angle喷油延迟injection delay引燃喷射pilot injection 启喷压力injection starting pressure峰值喷油扭矩peak injection torque峰值喷油压力peak in

27、jection pressure喷油泵油缸数目number of cylinders of an injection pump无气喷射solid injection 喷射正时injection timing集中喷射group injection 喷油器injector整体式喷油器unit injector喷嘴nozzle轴针式喷嘴pintle type nozzle环槽式喷嘴annular slot nozzle孔式喷嘴hol

28、e type nozzle长杆喷嘴long stem nozzle孔板式喷嘴orifice plate nozzle开式喷嘴open nozzle闭式喷嘴closed nozzle喷油提前器timing advance unit喷射泵壳体injection pump housing喷嘴锥体nozzle hole cone柱塞plunger柱塞套barrel柱塞行程plunger stroke喷孔spray orifice燃油滤清器fue

29、l filter增压器supercharger增压装置supercharging device涡轮增压器turbo-charger机械增压mechanical supercharging涡轮增压turbo-charging增压比supercharge ratio增压压力boost pressure增压中冷inter-cooling中冷度inter-cooling level增压度supercharging levelelectronic indicator燃烧分析仪combustion analyzer压

30、力传感器pressure transducer精密声级计precision sound level meter排放emission 排放物emission 排气污染物gaseous pollutant蒸发排放物evaporative emission曲轴箱排放物crankcase emission 漏气blowby gas氨氧化物oxids of nitrogen一气化碳carbon monoxide碳氢化合物hydrocarbon甲烷methane无甲烷

31、碳氢化合物non-methane hydrocarbons光化学活性碳氢化合物photochemically reactive hydrocarbons微粒物particulated matter黑烟black smoke蓝烟blue smoke白烟white smoke碳烟soot光化学烟雾smog臭味odor丙烷propane排放浓度concentration of emission 排气烟度exhaust smoke先期排气initial exhaust亚临界排气sub

32、critical exhaust超临界排气supercritical exhaust强制排气forced exhaust自由排气free exhaust排气提前角exhaust advance angle排气迟后角exhaust lag angle排气热损失exhaust heat loss排气净化exhaust purification 排气背压exhaust back pressure残余废气residual gas排气有害成分poisono

33、us exhaust composition柴油机排烟diesel smoke综合排放浓度composite concentration of exhaust emission 空燃比反馈控制系统air-fuel ratio feedback control system理论配比stoichiometric高效带window氧传感器oxygen sensor稀混合气lean mixture浓混合气rich mixture分层充气stratifie

34、d charge温度补偿temperature compensating温度传感器temperature sensor压力传感器pressure sensor位置传感器position sensor转速传感器speed sensor机械磨损mechanical wear化学磨损chemical wear热磨损thermic wear疲劳磨损fatigue wear腐蚀性磨损corrosion wear故障磨损failure wear故障malfunctioning断裂brea

35、kdown损坏damage更换（零件）replacing擦伤scratching刮伤scoring摩托车motorcycle轻便摩托车moped轿车passenger car微型轿车minicar普通级轿车subcompact car中级轿车compact car中高级轿车intermediate car高级轿车limousine (pullman saloon)活顶轿车convertible saloon旅行轿车station wagon短头轿车forward control passenge

36、r car小型轿车coupe敞蓬小轿车drop head coupe跑车sports car赛车racer (racing car)单座小客车one-seater七座小客车seven-seater越野车off-road vehicle轻型越野车light-off-road vehicle中型越野车medium off-road vehicle重型越野车heavy off -road vehicle超重型越野车extra heavy off-

37、60;road vehicle吉普车jeep硬顶吉普车hard top jeep客车bus微型客车minibus轻型客车light bus 中型客车medium bus大型客车large bus客货两用小客车estate car (estate)多用途客车multipurpose vehicle厢式小客车closed car出租小客车taxicar城市客车urban bus大客车coach城间大客车intercity bus长途大客车long distan

38、ce coach旅游客车sightseeing bus(touring bus)铰接客车articulated bus无轨客车trolley bus双层客车double-deck bus团体客车private coach货车truck(lorry)微型货车mini-truck轻型货车light truck中型货车medium truck重型货车heavy truck公路货车highway vehicle小型货车pick-up平板货车platform truck(flat

39、60;bed truck)通用货车general -purpose vehicle短轴距货车short-wheel base truck长轴距货车long-wheelbase truck集装箱运输货车container carrier客货两用车cargo-bus厢式货车van牵引汽车towing vehicle全挂牵引汽车towing vehicle牵杆式牵引车full-trailer towing vehicle半挂牵引车semi-trailer towing v

40、ehicle道路列车road train客用道路列车passenger road train铰接式道路列车articulated road train双挂式道路列车double road train混合式道路列车composite road train天然气车辆natural gas vehicle(NGV)压缩天然气车辆compressed natural gas vehicle液化天然气车辆liquid petroleum gas&

41、#160;vehicle液化石油气车辆liquid petroleum gas vehicle双燃料车辆duel fuel vehicle单燃料车辆single fuel vehicle专用车special vehicle垃圾车dust car (refuse collector)冷藏车refrigerated van洒水车street sprinkler (street flusher)囚车prison van 殡仪车hea

42、rse售货车mobile store(mobile shop)图书馆车mobile library宣传车mobile louderspeaker商业广告车spiel truck展览汽车demonstration car博览会专用车fairground vehicle流动艺术展览车artmobile邮政车mobile post office运油车fuel tanker 加油车refueller飞机牵引车aircraft tractor救护车ambulance (med

43、ical vehicle)病院汽车clinic car医疗急救车rescue ambulanceX射线诊断车mobile-x-ray clinic防疫监测车mobile epidemic control vehicle计划生育车mobile family -planning clinic伤残者运送车handicapped person carrier炊事车kitchen vehicle餐车mobile canteen 沐浴车mobile shower bath保温车insulated van电视转播车TV relaying vehicle电视录像车video recording vehicle摄影车mobile photographic studio电影放映车film projection vehicle邮件运输车mail carrier农用车farm vehicle种子检测车plant