2017-2018学年高中英语Unit3ScienceversusnatureSectio

1、Secti on皿Wordpower,Grammara ndusage&Task识记淸单把基础打牢、这样记单词记得准写得对记得快记得多1.break合成词一览breakthroughn突破I.基础词汇breakdow nn.故障；分解1.breakthroughn.突破breakawayn.分离，脱离2.nutritionn.营养breakfastn.早餐，早饭3.ordinaryadj.普通的，一般的2.“普通”家族4.accurateadj.准确的，精确的ordinaryadj.普通的，一般5.briefadj.短时间的，短暂的；简洁的，的简单的的com monadj.普通的，一般

2、的，6.confirmv.证实，证明；确认；使确信常见的n.拓展词汇plainadj.平凡的，普通1.professionn. 行业，职业professionaladj.的职业的，专业的1的usualadj.平常的，惯例2.radiati onn.辐射，放射线Tradioactiveadj.放射性的的generaladj.普通的，一般3.origi naladj.原来的，起初的；首创的；非复制的Toriginn.起源；来源；起因的,大体上的4.judgementn.判断力；看法，评价；（法律）判决normaladj.正常的，普通Tjudgev.评价；判断n.法官的5.relati onn.关系

3、；亲戚Trelatevt.使互有关联口J3.“职业”概览6.majorityn.多数，大多数Tmajoradj.主要的v.主修professi onn.职业；专业，修行业7.summaryn.总结；概括，概要Tsummarizevt.jobn.工作；职业概括；总结workn.工作；职业8.con siderati onn.仔细考虑；必须考虑的因素；careern.职业；事业；生体谅，顾及Tcon siderv.考虑； 认为Tcon siderate涯adj.体贴的，体谅他人的，考虑周到的vocati onn.职业，天职9.tastyadj.美味的，可口的Ttastev.品尝occupati o

4、nn.职业10.reliableadj.可信赖/依靠的Trelyv.依赖，4.揭开“真实”的面纱依靠actualadj.真实的，实际的11.actualadj.真实的，实际的Tactuallyadv.实realadj.真实的，实际的际地trueadj.真实的，正确的practicaladj.实际的，实用2的5authenticadj.真正的，真实的6genuineadj.真实的，真正的、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块l.turn out证明（是）；结果（是）2.figure out想出，理解；弄清楚；算出1.orga ns of the body人体器官3.be similar to与 *

5、相似2.the lear ning process学习过程4.put . in place把准备就绪，布3.store the in formatio n储存信息置妥当4.waste products废弃物5.in summary总的来说，概括起来5.security guards安全卫士pared with与*相比较6.the scie ntific adva nces科学进步7.in the field of在领域7.in the field of scie nee在科学界8.the same as与相冋e back from work下班回来9.be/get burnt out耗尽体力，

6、累垮9.food product ion食品生产10.public relati ons公共关系10.highquality food高品质的食物11.follow in ones footsteps效仿某11.further in formati on进一步的信息人12.side effects副作用12.take . i nto con siderati on认真考虑三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.He is always working in his lab,trying to figure out all the mysteriesthat make him puzzled.他总是

7、在实验室里工作，努力 弄明白困惑他的所有奥秘。be always doing sth.“总是做某事”，常表 达说话人的某种情 绪，如赞扬、不满、 责备等。The boy isalwaysgivi ngmeaha nd whenever I am in trouble.每当我有困难，这个男孩总是出手 相助。2.He must have bee n work ing toohard to notice!他当时肯定是工作太努力而没 有注意到！too .to .“太.而不台匕”冃匕。Thebikeseemedtooheavya nddifficulttoc on trol.（2014福建高考优秀范文）

8、自行车似乎太沉、太难而无法控制。3.Theboywasmoremore . than .“与Theboyis3frighte nedtha n hurt.这个男孩与其说受伤倒不如说是害怕是害怕。其说.倒不如说”。moredilige nttha nclever.与其说这个男孩聪明倒不如说他勤 奋。重点详析将新知全握第一板块I核心词汇集释1.(教材P49)l think we should be cautious and use goodjudgement when makingdecisi ons about cloning.我认为在对克隆问题作出决策时，我们应当谨慎行事，作出正确判断。jud

9、gement n.判断力；看法，评价；(法律)判决(1) make a judgement on/about .对.作出判断/评价in on es judgeme nt依某人看来(2) judgen.法官，裁判v.判断，判决；审判judge .from/by .根据.来判断.judgi ng from/by根据.来判断1In this case, he bega n to be sceptical of his ownjudgeme nt.在这样的情况下，他开始怀疑自己的判断。2He refused to make a judgeme nt about/on the situatio n.他拒

10、绝对形势作出评价。3Judging (judge) from his puzzled look, this problem must be quite puzzli ng.从他迷惑的表情可判断，这个问题是十分令人困惑的。名师点津judging by/from用作独立成分，其中的judging不可以换为judged。2.(教材P51)l mtotallyburnt out.我完全累垮了。be/get burnt out耗尽体力，累垮1If he does nt stop work ing so hard, hellbe bur nt out .他继续这样拼命地工作的话，就会累垮的。2She wa

11、s/gotburn edout because she was busy every day to please every one in herlife.她累坏了，因为她每天忙于让生活中的每个人开心。burn up被烧毁；被烧掉(通常指烧掉除建筑物以外的东西);烧起来bur n dow n烧毁4burn away烧掉；烧光bur n to the gro und把烧为平地3If you put on more wood, the fire will burn up.如果你加入更多的木柴，火就会烧起来的。4Be careful with fire, or it may burn down th

12、e whole building.小心防火，否则它可能烧毁整栋大楼。3.（教材P56）Public RelationsManager公共关系部门经理relationn.关系；亲戚(1)i n/with relati on to关于；涉及；与相比relati on betwee n A and BA与B的关系/联系relati on to/with .与的联系bear no relati on to .与.无关(2)relatevt.把和联系起来vi.有关，涉及relate .to/with .把和联系起来be related to与.有关系This mon ths product ion of

13、 that factory has decreasedin/with relati on tolast mon ths.相对于上个月而言，那家工厂这个月的产量已经降低了。2In my opinion, there are no relati ons betwee n the socalled lucky nu mbers and luck.在我看来，那些所谓的幸运数字与幸运之间没有联系。3His fear of people is deeply relatedto his unhappy childhood.他对人的畏惧和他不幸的童年有着密切的关系。名师点津relation作（国家、公司、组织

14、等之间以及人与人之间的）关系”讲时常用复数形式。Word familyrelation关系;亲戚relationship几关系4.(教材P56)I understand that other countries have already begun trying toclone huma nbein gs, but this does not mean that we should follow intheir footsteps.我知道其他国家已经开始试图克隆人类，但这并不意味着我们要效仿他们。follow in on es footsteps=follow in the footsteps

15、 of sb.效仿某人，步related ctd j.右联系的relate敢. 使关联，训:述relative adj.相对的5某人的后尘(follow sbs example=follow the example of sb.仿效他人的做法，照办follow ones advice听从某人建议/忠告follow the fashio n赶时髦，赶潮流follow the rules遵守规则(2)as follows如下1We should nt follow in others footsteps.We should develop our own thin gs.我们不应该步别人的后尘，我

16、们应该开发自己的东西。2Dorothy followedtheexampleof her father and went to university.多罗茜以自己的父亲为榜样考上了大学。3The results we had discussed are asfollo _我们讨论的结果如下。5.(教材P56)l amsure that if you con ducted a survey amon gUK citize ns, it would show that themajority of people would not support this type of scientific r

17、esearch.我相信，如果你在英国的民众中作一次调查，结果将表明大多数人将不支持这种类型的科学研究。majorityn.多数，大多数(1)the/a majority (of .)大多数(.)in the/a majority占大多数By a majority of以的多数票(2)majorvi.主修adj.主要的major in .主修专业The majority of the people prese nt at the meeti ng are in favor of banningsmok ing.出席会议的大多数人支持禁烟。2He believes that his support

18、ers are inthe/amajority._他认为他的支持者占大多数。3He was fin ally admitted to his ideal uni versity and majoredi n architecture.他终于被自己理想的大学录取了，主修建筑学专业。名师点津“the majority”作主语时，谓语动词用单复数形式皆可；“the majorityof+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要视名词单复数形式而定。4Weve had an exam and the majority of us have (have) made progress steadily.我们进行

19、了一次考试，我们中的大多数人在平稳进步。66.(教材P56) In summary, I insist that you take the opinions of the people of the UK intocon siderati on, and end this practice immediately.总的来说，我坚决主张你应该认真考虑英国人民的意见，立即结束这种做法。in summary总的来说，概括起来(1)make/give a summary of .做的摘要/概括/总结(2)sumn.金额，总数v.总结，概括，合计a large sum of .一大笔in sum/to

20、sum up总之，大体上，总的来说In summary , I think movies are moving, interesting, and worth spending timeon.总的来说，我觉得电影是感人的、有趣的，而且值得你在上面花时间。2rm going to give/makeasummaryof todays discussion about whether we shouldgo on li ne in our spare time.我要总结一下今天关于我们是否应该在业余时间上网的讨论。3In a word （=Tosumup/lnsum）, I will always

21、 cherish this meaningful and memorable experienee.总之，我会一直珍惜这次有意义且值得纪念的经历。名师点津表示“总的来说，总之”的其他短语还有：1in a/one wordon the wholeall in all4in shortin briefin gen eralcon siderati onn.仔细考虑；必须考虑的因素；体谅，顾及(1)take . i nto con siderati on认真考虑Be un der con sideration在考虑中in con siderati on of考虑到，顾及(2)considervt.考

22、虑；照顾；认为consider (考虑)+doing stlb（可用于进行时）从句疑问词+to do sth.rc.Hsidrr（认为八ihni * 7C无进行时）sl). sth. (io 1as)n / adj.(3)c on sideri ngprep.考虑至U,鉴于1I should be grateful if you cantake my applicationinto consideration.如果你能认真考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。2There are several pla ns underconsideration._有好几项计划正在讨论中。3Were still con

23、 sideri ng where to move to.我们仍在考虑搬到哪里去。4A further in crease in in terest ratesis now con sidered (to be/as)un likely.进一步上调利率现在被认为不大可能。7.(教材P57)For example, cloned animals are not very healthythey nearlyalways live brief, pain ful lives compared with ordinary ani mals.例如，克隆动物身体不太健康和普通动物相比，它们几乎总是过着生命

24、短暂、痛苦的生活。briefadj.短时间的，短暂的；简洁的，简单的i n brief简而言之，总之to be brief简单地说；一句话(2)briefly speaki ng简而言之1In brief, he is no Ion ger a stra nger here.简言之，在这儿他不再是个陌生人了。2Tobebrief, we cant accept such harsh terms.简单地说，我们不能接受这样苛刻的条件。3Briefly (brief)speaking, English is so useful that all of us students shouldlearn

25、 it well.简言之，英语如此有用，以至于我们学生应该把它学好。8. (教材P57)Therefore, we cannot confirm that food from cloned animals is really safe for huma nsto eat.因此，我们不能肯定来自克隆动物身上的食物可以真正安全地让人类食用。confirmvt.& vi.证实，证明；确认；使确信；认可confirm sth.证实某事confirm that/wh从句 证实.It is con firmed that .已经确定.1What you have saidcon firms my

26、opinion.2你的话证实了我的看法。2Research has con firmed that the risk is higher for wome n.8研究证实对女性来说这种风险要高一些。3has bee n con firmed that the earthquake caused six deaths and five injuries.已经证实这次地震造成了6人死亡，5人受伤。II第二板块I重点句型解构1. He must have been working too hard to notice!他当时肯定是工作太努力而没有注意到！句中too . to .表示太.而不能.”，可

27、用not . enough to和so .that结构改写。不定式作结果状语，常用主动形式，其逻辑主语有时是句子的主语；若不 是，不定式的逻辑主语通常由for引出。1He was too short to reach the apples on the tree.=He was not tall eno ugh to reach (reach) the apples on the tree.=He was soshortthat he could nt reach the apples on the tree.他太矮了够不到树上的苹果。2The book is too difficult fo

28、rustoread._这本书太难了，我们读不了。(2)too . to .表示肯定意义的情况：a.too后跟ready, eager, willing,pleased, glad等表示心情或倾向性的形容词时b.too前有only, all等副词对其进行修饰时c.否定词not, never等用在too前时3He is too eager to know the result of the exam in ati on.他急于知道考试结果。4You cant be too careful to doyour homework.做作业时你越细心越好。2.The boy was more fright

29、ened than hurt.这个男孩与其说受伤倒不如说是害怕。句中的more . than .结构意为与其.倒不如.”，此结构强调more后面的内容，表示同一个人或事物的两种特征对比，more和than后接形容词、副词的原级、名词或介词短语等两个并列成分。1She is more proud than vain.与其说她虚荣，不如说她骄傲。2He is more an artist than a philosopher.与其说他是位哲学家，不如说他是位艺术家.1数词輕过*多于9母容询非常*很(1 ) more 1 hr in F:i名词不倪仅不只是从句超出仁股人力螢、知识等的范岡、(2) n

30、o more tha n+数词仅仅，只不过not more tha n+数词不超过，不多于103He is more than pleased with the result.他对这个结果很高兴。4He was so poor that he had nomo rethan ten dollars.他穷得只剩下10美元了。not more tha n 30 years old.依我看，他不超过30岁。I.单句语法填空1.Judging (judge) by the look on his face, the news must have been terrible.2.Manners are

31、important to happy relations (relation) among people.3.The majority of students are (be)most interested in sports and computersno wadays.4.Wehave to take his age into consideration(consider)when talkingabout theboys performa nee.5.Welcome to my school and let me introduce it briefly (brief).6.She wo

32、rks in television, following (follow) in her fathers footsteps.7.More and more people are addicted to the Internet so that they are getting burnt out.8.In_summary, the two uni versities have a lot in com mon.n.完成句子1.听完这个吓人的故事，一些小孩子吓得动弹不得。(too .to .)Having liste ned to the scary story, some childre n

33、 weretooscaredtomove.2.这事与其说让人高兴，倒不如说让人担心。(more .than .)It was moreaworrythan a pleasure.3.已经证实，他不是偷你自行车的那个人。(confirm)Ithasbeencon firmedthat he was nt the pers on who stole your bike.4.科学家们在克隆方面取得的突破与他们的努力工作有关。(be related to)The breakthrough in cloning that scientistshave madeisrelatedtotheirhardwo

34、rk.5.我们不应该根据外貌去判断一个人。(judge .from/by .)In my judgeme nt, he is课时检测把知能落实*迁移训练11We should nt iudgeapers on by/from his appeara nee.12一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高I.单词拼写1. rve known him for years, and I trust his judgement （ _判断）.2. The following is a summary （总结）of our conclusions.3. Accord ing to the survey con duc

35、ted （实施）by this uni versity, only 18% arefor the idea.4.To be frank, I will chooseteaching as my profession （职业）in the future.5._ We have a tight schedule for your brief （短时间的）visit. I hope you dont mind.6.She origin ally （最初）thought of don at ing all of her orga ns to save others lives, but failedt

36、o do it because of her serious ill ness.7. The majority （多数）of students were in favour of the suggestion that they（should） go out for a pic nic the n ext Sun day.8.Having taken the matter into consideration（仔纟田考虑）many times, we decided notto buy such an expe nsive car.n.单句改错1. My greatest dream is t

37、o become a profession football player in the fessi onprofessi onal2.Lin Dan in spiredmany young people to follow in his footstep. footstep_Tfootsteps3.I shallmake my own judgement of thismatter when 1 see the result.of_Ton/about4.A man isbeing questioned inrelationwith the attempted murder

38、lastn ight.withTto5.Somefamiliesare verypoorto send their childre ntoschool.very too川.选词填空课下二层级提能训练13take into consideration, in brief , put in place , follow in the footstepsof .,get burnt out1. Dont worry. I have put everyth ing in place. _2. Dont work so hard, or you will getburnto _3. She works

39、in education, followinginthefootstepsof her father.4.Takngeverything intoconsideration, the event was a great success.5.We should, in brief, i nvest heavily in digital systems.IV .串点成篇微表达信不信由你，科学家Robert Lanza和他的助手们成功地克隆了一个成年人细胞。在他 看来(judgement)，他们会把很多因素考虑(consideration)在内，以确保他们的科学成果能被用来治疗更多的疾病。简而言之(

40、brief)，他渴望年轻的科学家们能追随他的脚步(follow in on es footsteps)来做更多的与克隆有关的(in relation to)工作。他总是投身于人类克隆工作。与其说他有抱负不如说(more .than .)他疯狂。即使他年老得不能(too .to .)再继续他的事业了，他还是希望在他累垮(get burnt out)之前完成他的大部分(majority)工作。Believe it or not, the scientist Robert Lanza and his assistants have successfully cloned an adult cell.

41、In his judgeme nt, they will take many factors in to con siderati on to make sure that their scie ntificachieveme nts can be used to cure more diseases. In brief, he desires the youn ger scie ntists to follow inhis footsteps to do more work in relati on to cloning. He is always devot ing himself to

42、the huma n clo ningwork. He is more crazy tha n ambitious. Even if he is too old to keep on his career, he also hopes tocomplete the majority of his work before he gets bur nt out.二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧I.阅读理解Sir John, a Britishscientistwho won last years Nobel Prize for medicine, saidhe had predicted at th

43、e time of his frog experime nts that the successful cloning of a mammal would happen within 50 years, and that“maybe the same an swer isappropriate”for the step to humancloning.Parents who lost childrenin accidentsmay be able to clone“copies”to replace them then.Although any attempt to clone an enti

44、re human would raise complex moral issues,the biologistclaimed people would soon overcome their concerns if the tech nique became medically useful. Cloningwas regarded with extreme doubts when it was first developed but became widely accepted after the birthof Louise Brow n, the first“test tube baby

45、”.He said, “Whenmy first frog experiments were done, an American reporter askedhow long it will be before these things can be done in mammals or huma ns. I said, Well, itcould be any where betwee n 10 years and 100 yearshow14about 50 years? It turned out that it was nt far off the mark as far as Dol

46、ly was concerned. Maybe thesame answer is appropriate.”Sir John added that cloning a humanbeing effectively meansmaking anidenticaltwin,and doctors would thereforesimply be“copy ing what n ature has already produced”The average vote on allow ing pare nts of deceased childre n, who are no Ion ger fer

47、tile （能生育的）,to create another using the mothers eggs and skin cells from the first child, thinking the tech niquewas safe and effective, is 60 per cent in favor. The reasons forno”are usually that the newchild would feel they weresome sort of a replaceme nt for someth ing.语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。主要介绍了克隆人类或在

48、未来50年内变成现实。1.Sir John predicted the humancloning would be a reality in _ at most.A. 100 yearsB.60 yearsC. 50 yearsD. 10 years解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段中的 “the successful cloning of a mammawould happe n with in50 years,and thatmaybe the same an swer is appropriatefor the step to human cloning”可知，克隆人类或在未来50年内变成

49、现实。故选C。2. According to the text, which statement is NOT true?A.Louise Brown is the first“test tube baby”B. Huma n clo ning is still a con troversial topic.C. Sir John is positive about the future of human cloning.D. Human cloning is creating something that did nt exist before.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第二段第二句中可知，Louise Brown是第一个试管婴儿， 所以A项表述正确；根据第二段第一句中可知，克隆人类仍然是一个存在争议的话题，所以B项表述正确；根据第二段Sir John所说的话可知，他对未来克隆人类的发展是肯定的，所以C项表述正确。根据第二段最后一句可知，克隆人类是复制已存在的人类，所以D项不正确。故选Do3.The underlined word“identical”probably means .A. sameB.specialC. newD. clear解析：选A词义猜测题。根据本句中的copying what nature has already prod