不定冠词与定冠词的语法及练习

1、冠词分不定冠词和定冠词 a, an是不定冠词，the是定冠词。an, a是不定冠词 a用在以辅音（指辅音音素）开头的词前，an用在以元音（指 元素音素）开头的词前。a+名词单数，表示一个，或者某一,an 般 用于元音字母开头的单词，作用和 a一样，the+名词表示特指，the+形容词，表 示一类人或者事物。a和an是不定冠词，修饰泛指名词。the是定冠词，修饰特 指名词翻译成这个”1） 不定冠词在句子中最大的语法功能是：用在可数名词的单数形式前表示泛指 -表明一类人或事物区别于它类。例：I am a Chinese.我是（一个）中国人。This is a book.这是（一本）书。2）为了读音

2、的方便，在以元音音素开头的可数名词的单数名词前用an而不用a。当我们使用an时，条件有三：这个名词的 读音必须是以兀音音素开头-即它的 音标的第一个音素是兀音，而不是说它是 以元音字母开头。它必须是个可数名词。它还必须是个单数名词。我们常常 见到这类用法：a university 所大学 an orange 只桔子 an engineer 一位工程师 an honest person位诚实的人an hour 一个小时3）定冠词在句子中，既可以用于可数名词前，也可以用于不可数名词前；既用 在可数名词的单数形式前，也用在可数名词的复数形式前。从表达意义上讲，它 既可表达this, that之意义，

3、也可表达these, those之意义。例：This is the very ink I'm going to buy.这正是我要买的那种墨水。 The words on the blackboard are to be lear ned n ext time.黑板上的这些单字是下次 课要学的。不定冠词a /an1）表示"一个"，意为one；指某人或某物，意为a certain。A Mr. Ling is wait ing for you.2）代表一类人或物。A knife is a tool for cutt ing with.3）词组或成语。a little /

4、 a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in a hurry / in a mi nute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try如果泛指某物用a/an;具体指某物的话，用the.1. 不定冠词的基本用法（1） 不定冠词有a和an两种：a用于辅音音素开头的词前，an用于元音音素 开头的词前。例如：a boy, a city, a girl, a useful animal , an

5、 old man, an honest boy, a bad apple, a tall elepha nt（2）用来表示“一的意思，但不强调数的观念，只说明名词为不特定者。即不 具体说明是何人何物。例如：A teacher is look ing for you.We work five days a week.(3) 不定冠词含有“一的意思，但数量观念没有 one强烈，在句子里边一般可 以不必译出，但若有 一个的勺意思则译出，例如：An orange is good for you.桔子对你有好处。(4) 一般用在可数名词单数前，指人或事物的某一种类。例如： Bill is a stude

6、 nt.(5) 用在某些固定词组中。例如：a lot of, a mome nt ago, a few, a little2. 定冠词的用法(1) 特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。 例如：The book on the desk is mine.(2) 指双方都知道的人或事物。 例如：Open the door, please.请开门。(4) 用在世界上独一无二的事物前。例如：The sun is bigger tha n the moon太 阳比月亮大些。但这些名词作为描绘性定语时，可用不定冠词。例如：Look! A red sun is rising.瞧！ 一轮红日正在升起。(5) 用在序数

7、词和形容词最高级前。例如：The first isla nd is the biggest of the three第 一个小岛是三个中最大的。(6) 用在用普通名词构成的党派，国家等专有名词以及江河、海洋、山脉、群 岛、海峡、海湾等专有名词前。例如：They will visit the Great Wall n ext week.(7) 用在形容词前表示一类人，the +形容词指的是一群人，是一种复数含义， 所以其后动词应用复数形式。例如：The old are sick.(8) 用在姓名复数形式前表示一家人。例如：The Smiths have moved to London.(9) 用

8、在某些习惯用语中。例如：in the morning, on the left, the day before yesterday, all the same冠词的用法练习题1. There is a desk by the win dow. Ondesk there isexercise book.A.a; the B.the; theC.a n; a D.the; an2. There is"h"in the word "ho nest."A.a B.theC.a nD.不填3. They went toSummer Palace yesterday

9、 and stayed there forday.A.the; a B.the; theC.不填;a D.the;不填4.It'spity you won't be back before I leave.A.the B.aC.a nD.不填5.Lin col n was electedPreside nt ofUn ited States in 1860.A.the; the B.不填;the C.a;不填 D.不填；不填6.She is going to playpia no at the concert this eve ning.A.aB.a nC.the D.不填7.

10、 Most boys like playingfootball.A.aB.a nC.the D.不填8. Let's go and watch the childre n playchess.A.a B.a n C.the D.不填9. elepha nt is bigger thanhorseA.不填；不填 B.a n; a C.An; a D.The; a10.1s Tom going to haveX-ray check?A.aB.a nC.the D.不填11. They haverice forlunch every day.A.不填；不填 B.the; the C.the;

11、 a D.不填；the12. We didexperime nt last week. It wasuseful one.A.the; theB.a n; a C.a n; the D.the; an13. Beiji ng is one ofmost beautiful cities inworld.A.a; the B.the;不填 C.the; the D.不填；the14. February issec ond month of the yearA.aB.a nC.不填D.the15. -How did you go there?We went there bybus.A.aB.a n

12、C.the D.不填16. Wangs will come to see you tomorrowA.A B.A n C.TheD.不填17. The stude nts of Class One ofte n read En glish early inmorning.A.不填 B.the C.a n D.a18. On the moon it's too hot inday and too cold atni ght.A.the;不填 B.the; the C.a; the D.a;19. A spaceship flies at about eleve n kilometress

13、econd.A.aB.a nC.the D.不填20. The picture onleft is more beautiful tha n the one onright.A.不填；不填 B.the; the C.a; a D.an; an21. The woma n took the little girl byhand.A.aB.a nC.theD.不填22. Mr. Read patted him onshoulder.A.aB.a nC.theD.不填23. All the work had to be done byhand whe n there were no moder n

14、machi nes.A.不填 B.the C.a n D.a24. We should always thi nk ofold andsick.A.the; theB.an; a C.不填；不填 D.the; a25.May I havelook at the book?A.aB.a nC.theD.不填26.It took mehour andhalf to finish the work.A.a; aB.a n; anC.a;anD.an; a27.She was inhurry to work.A.不填 B.aC.a nD.the28.My brother has an in teres

15、t in drawinghorses.A.theB.a nC.a D.不填29.Sam isman easy to get along with.A.不填 B.the C.a D.a n30. Europe and America are separated byAtla ntic Ocea n.A.不填B.theC.aD.a n31. The largest Ian dmass is usually divided into two "con ti nen ts" alongUral Mountains.A.不填B.theC.aD.a n32. There are onl

16、yfew mistakes in your composition. Don't makesame ones again,please.A.a; the B.a; a C.the; the D.不填；不填33. He nry is fond of playingpia no while Alice is in terested in liste ning tomusic.A.不填;.the B.the ;不填 C.the; the D.不填；不填34. Whatweather we are hav ing today!A.aB.the C.不填 D.a n35. Tom met his

17、 old school friend on his wayhome from China.A.aB.the C.不填 D.a n36.Spri ng isbest seas on of the year. Autu mnisbusyseas on.A.a; a B.the; the C.a; the D.the; a37. Let's go and havewalk aroundgarde n.A.a; the B.the; the C.a; a D.the; a38. Childre n usually go toschool atage of sixA.the; the B.a ;

18、 theC.不填；the D.a; a39. At last we got toplace where Chairma n Mao had once lived.A.a B.a n C.不填 D.the40.Sam ismanto speak at themeeti ngtomorrow.A.不填B.the C.aD.a n41. Birds can fly high insky.A.不填B.the C.aD.a n42. Taiwa n isisla nd, it islargest isla nd of Chi na.A.a; the B.the; the C.a n ; theD.a n; a43.It is cold inwin ter. Anddays are shorter.A.不填；theB.the; the C.the;不填D.a; the44. Were there iswill there iswayA.the; the B.a; a C.a; the D.the; a45. The workers in that factory are