江苏08高考英语各种题型解题思路点拨与训练Word版

1、江苏08高考英语各种题型解题思路点拨与训练一单项选择做单选题既可以考察学生对词法，句法和其它语法知识的了解和运用的熟练程度，同时也可以学到课本上学不到的知识点，因此考生有必要把近些年的高考单选题拿过来仔细研究，找出考察要点和答题技巧。解题思路点拨 通读题干，不放过半点信息，尤其要注意暗示时间的词语和句中暗示句子结构的标点。做题时首用直接法，然后用和排除法和比较法。所谓直接法，就是在读题时大脑即刻想到的并一眼能够在选项中看到的答案。这种方法既准确又快。所谓排除法，就是把比较明显的认错误选项排除掉。然后把学过的知识与老师的讲解集合起来，再用上平时做题是的经验和教训，比较余项间的差异，最后得出正确选

2、项。测试要点一、基础语法要点： 1） 语法知识的运用能力 ；2）词组搭配和习惯语法；3）对词义的理解和辨析。二、基础知识要点：1）名词。2）冠词。3）代词。4）数词。5）形容词和副词。6）介词。7）动词的时态和语态。8）非谓语。9）情态动词。10）虚拟语气。11）短语动词与辨析。12）一致。13）倒装。14）连词和复合句15）定语从句。16）表语从句。17）强调句18）情景交际和习惯用法三、高考例句分析： 1) I am sure David will be able to find the library. He has a pretty good _ of direction.(2005

3、高考浙江)A. idea B. feeling C. experience D. sense答案D. 本题考察名词用法。a sense of direction 意为“方向感”， sense 表示“辨别力”；feeling 通常用于“冷、 暖、饿”等具体的“感觉”； ideas表示“主意、办法”，若用于have some / no idea 则表示“了解” / “不了解”。C 项意为“ 经验、经历”，明显不对。2) If you grow up in _ large family, you are more likely to develop _ ability to get on well

4、with _ others. (2005 高考江西)A. 不填； an；the B. a ; the 不填 ; C. the ; an ; the D. a ; the ; the答案B. a large family (任意) 一个大家庭中，the ability 特指后面不定式所表示的这一能力。Others不加the表泛指其他人。3）Weve been looking at houses but havent found _ we like yet. (2005 高考浙江)A. one B. ones C. it D. them答案A. 本题考察代词用法，根据题意， 我们一直在看房子，但还

5、没有找到我们喜欢的一所，此处用one表示泛指。B项的复数用法不符合实际，C, D用于特指，意义不正确。4）Shortly after the accident , two _ policeman were sent to the spot to keep order. (MET1992)A. dozen of B. dozens C. dozen D. dozens of答案为C。dozen前有数词，many，several等，不用复数；数词+dozen后不用of，但之后的名词前有the，his，their等限定词或之后跟them，us，you可以用of；dozens of是固定短语，译为“几

6、十； 许多”。5）1）I must be fat I can _ do my trousers up.(2004高考全国)A. fairly B. hardly C. nearly D. seldom本题考察在特定语境中恰当使用副词的能力。根据题干第一句句意：“我一定是发胖了2 / 46”，第二句应该表示发胖的程度：“裤子几乎都系了”。A和C不符合题意，seldom是频度副词，而hardly既是频度副词，也是程度副词，因此最佳答案为B.6） You know, Bob is a little slow _ understanding, so So I have to be patient _

7、him . (2005 高考重庆)A. in ; with B. on ; with C. in ; to D. at ; for答案A. be slow in doing “在做。迟钝、慢”， be patient with sb. “ 对某人有耐心” 。7）Did you tell Julia about the result? Oh, no , I forgot . I _ her now . (2007高考全国 )A. will be calling B. will call C. call D. am to call答案B. 本题考察时态。 四个选项都可表示将来， 只有B 项可表达临

8、时做出的决定或产生的想法。 A 项表示将来某一时刻正在发生的事； C 项表示按照日程、规定一定要发生的事情； D 项表示早就有的打算。8）The storm left, _ a lot of damage to this area . (2007高考全国 )A. caused B. to have caused C. to cause D. having caused答案B. 本题考察非谓语动词的用法。 由题意得知，风暴是在造成很大的破坏后才过去的。所以用D 项，相当于after it had caused。 不定式多用于表示目的，所以B，C项不对。A 项若看作是过去式，则句子结构不对；若看作

9、过去分词，则表示被动意义，不符合语境要求。9）He _ have completed his work ; otherwise , he wouldnt be enjoying himself by the seaside. (2005高考北京)A. should B. must C. wouldnt D. cant答案B. 本题考察情态动词的用法。由后句可知。他在海边玩的痛快，便可推断他完成工作的可能性较大；otherwise 是解题的关键，与原内容事实相反。Must have done 表示对过去情况极大把握的推测；should have done 表示责备，惋惜；wouldnt have

10、 done 表示对过去情况推测，意为“不可能做过某事”；cant have done 表示明确的否定。10） Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York ? I agree , but the problem is _ he has refused to . (2005高考江苏 )A. will not be sent ; that B. not be sent ; thatC. should not be sent ; what D. should not send ; what答案B. 主句中出现了neces

11、sary ， 在相关的名次性从句中应用“should + 动词原形”，should 可省。此句为被动，表语从句的that 无意义。11）He accidentally _ he had quarreled with his wife and that he hadnt been home for a couple of weeks. (2006湖南)A. let out B. took care C. made sure D. made out答案A。 表达了“ 不经意到泄露”12）The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, _ vis

12、iting a museum when the earthquake struck . (2007北京)A. was B. were C. had been D. would be答案A. 本句的主语是teacher；was / were doing when 是个非常有用的句型。13）They have a good knowledge of English but little _ they know about German.(2005 天津)A. have B. did C. had D. do答案D. little 是否定代词，放在句首时， 句子要用部分倒装。14) I always

13、 take something to read when I go to doctors _ I have to wait. (2005高考全国 )A. in case B. so that C. in order D. as if答案A。根据题意， 我去看医生时总是带点东西读，免得等待，in case 表示“以防，以免，万一”。其余各选项皆意义不当。15) Is that the small town you often refer to ? Right, just the _ you know I used work for years. (2006福建)A. that B. which

14、C. where D. what答案C. 关系词的选用是由先行词在定语从句中所作的句子成分决定的，由于work 是不及物动词，分析此句可知先行词the one （既the small town）在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where 引导，而不能选关系代词that。16）You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _I disagree. (2004高考全国 )A. why B. where C. what D. how答案B。此题考察表语从句关联词的选择。误选C的人会占一定比例，原因是受汉语影响，即“我不同意你

15、说的人人平等”。disagree是不及物动词，表示在某一点上“不同意”。17）It was with great joy _ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.(2007福建)A. because B. which C. since D. that答案D。 该题是考察强调句，强调状语“with great joy”。18）Id like to take a weeks holiday. _ , were too busy . (05高考全国 )A. Dont worry B. Dont mention it C

16、. Forget it D. Pardon me答案C。此题 考察交际功能。A项用于安慰人，B项指“不客气，不用谢”，D项为“请原谅/ 请再说一遍”，it 指Id like to take a weeks holiday。四、重难点与常考考点分析：根据2008普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷）说明，英语命题满分120分，其中语言知识运用部分占35分， 要求考生能运用基本的英语语法知识，掌握3500个英语单词和400到500个习惯用语或固定搭配。今年的考试说明较往年最明显的变化是：1、分值从150分降至120分，在各项题目分值普降的情况下，单选与书面表达的分值没降，由此可见，对于语言基础知识

17、掌握与应用的考查比以往的比重有所增加。2、词汇量的考查较以往有大幅度增加，因此在各个题型中词汇与习惯用语的考查力度都将加强。考题类型基本分布情况为：纯粹情景交际 12个；动词考察最多-时态1-2个；动词或短语区分12个；情态动词1个；非谓语动词（包括不定式和分词）12个；从句（含连词）23个；介词、冠词、代词、不定代词、名词用法等1-2个；其他12个。其中情态动词、时态、语态等和动词短语、句型的考查经常结合在一起，根据不同的语境而变化万千，错综复杂。可谓单选题目的重难点。下文对单选设计题目的重难点与常考考点做些分析，希望能有助于同学们的考前复习。（一）、动词考点：1、常用的动词的近义辨析。例如

18、：1）-Could you please _ me five minutes to discuss this proposal, sir? -Of course, but try to be brief. A. afford B. spare C. share D. break答案是B。afford意思是“负担得起”；spare意思是“抽出，匀出（时间）”；share意思是“与-共享-（share sth with sb）”；break意思是“休息一下”。2）This product _ from others in that it is of higher quality. A. disti

19、nguishes B. identifies C. differs D. distincts 答案是C。distinguish意思是“区别，辨别”；identify 意思是“识别，鉴定”；differ意思是“有别于，区别于”；distinct是形容词，意思是“明显的，独特的”。2、常用的动词的特殊含义。例如：1）A heavy snow this winter _ a good harvest next year. A. intends B. mean C. promises D. bring答案是C。其中promise除了我们所熟知的“承诺”之意，还表示“征兆，预示”。2）- Can you

20、 imagine his being _ with murder? - How come? He is such a kind man. A. charged B. accused C. sentenced D. arrested答案是A。其中charge除了我们所熟知的“收费”之意，还表示“控告，指控”。3、常用动词的短语搭配。 例如：1）- When and where should I _? - 6 oclock tonight at the gate of my company. A. put you up B. set you up C. pick you up D. pick yo

21、u out答案是C。A意思是“为你提供住宿”；B意思是“建立”，不接某人作宾语；C意思是“搭载”；D意思是“把你挑出来（指认出来）”。2）- Congratulations on your moving to the new house! - Thanks. And welcome to visit us someday after we _. A. break down B. settle down C. put down D. calm down答案是B。A意思是“坏掉，垮掉”；B意思是“安顿下来”；C意思是“放下来”；D意思是“冷静下来”。4、动词的非谓语形式。例如：1）- What s

22、hould we do with the empty bottles?- Our teacher advises _ them. A. to sell B. selling C. having sold D. sell答案是B。advise的常用结构是advise sb to do sth，但没有sb作宾语时，结构即为：advise doing。用于此类用法的词还有：allow, permit等。有些动词后面是固定用doing的，如：imagine, suggest, mind等。有些动词短语也是固定接doing的，如：pay attention to, get down to, devote

23、 oneself to等。以上几类词或短语要在复习时注意总结和归纳。2）Who do you think would be able to solve the problem _ now? A. discussed B. to be discussed C. having been discussed D. being discussed答案是D。本题选项中罗列了四种非谓语动词的常见形式，特意免除了对被动语态的考查，同学们可以从中清楚地看出非谓语形式作定语的几种情况：to do 表示将要去做某事；doing表示正在做某事；having done表示已经做完某事；done 表示某事已被做完。同学

24、们如能牢记这四种情况的基本意思，并细心体会语境，就能在类似题目的解题过程中得心应手了。3）_ from behind, the girl in white looks like an angel. A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see D. Having seen答案是A。此题考查非谓语动词用作状语的情况。此时to do表示目的；doing表示正在进行的伴随情况，与主语间是主动关系；having done表示已经完成的伴随情况，与主语间是主动关系；done表示已经完成的伴随情况，与主语间是被动关系。此类题目的解题关键是判断主语与可选动词间是主动还是被动关系，以及动作是在进行还

25、是已经完成。5、情态动词的基本含义与完成式。例如：1）The competition time was too limited, but fortunately our team _ finish the task right before the deadline. A. could B. would C. were able to D. might答案是C。本题考查情态动词的基本含义与区别。两者同时存在时，can 表示可能性；be able to则更强调有能力完成某事。此类考查的重点还有：might在表示推测时语气最弱； shall用于第三人称的问句中常表示客气地询问第二人称意见，以及sh

26、all表示承诺、命令、威胁等语气；would表示过去常常做某事等。2）- You know how Mary reacted to the news? She burst out crying! - Well, you _ her the news so directly, as it is beyond her expectations. A. shouldnt tell B. shouldnt have told C. neednt tell D. neednt have told答案是B。本题考查的是情态动词+完成式表示对过去动作或事情的推测或评价。本题中reacted和burst都用的

27、是过去时，证明动作是在过去发生的，现在来评价该不该做过去那个动作，就要用情态动词+完成式。6、动词的时态和语态。例如：1）- Im sorry, but I have to tell you that I cant go to your birthday party. - Why? You _. A. have promised B. promised C. are promising D. have been promised答案是B。因为承诺是过去动作，跟现在的事实产生对比，故需强调过去承诺过。此题切记不得使用现在完成时态，因为完成时态指的是过去的动作对现在产生了影响，而题意正好相反，过去

28、的承诺对现在的决定没有产生影响。近几年的NMET单项选择填空题的命题原则是：“突出语境，强化语意，强调运用”。单选的题干内容越来越贴近生活，语言更加灵活。因此要做好这类单项选择题，一定要注意体会语境。2）The concert _ raise money for the famine victim. A. intends for B. is intended for C. is intended to D. intend to答案是C。“打算用-来做-”的常用表达形式是： “intend sth for (doing) sth”, “intend sth to do sth”。此题中conce

29、rt是主语，故应选择被动语态。此题把对语态的考查与对短语动词和主谓一致的考查结合起来，是高考考查的常见形式。因其更综合，更复杂，就更需要考生有扎实的基础知识。（二）、句型考点：1、主从复合句（名词性、形容词性、副词性从句）及连接词。例如：1）Last week our maths teacher set so difficult an examination problem _ none of us worked out. A. that B. which C. as D. who答案是C。本题考查定语从句的关系代词，关系代词在定语从句中作主语或宾语。work out是及物动词，意为“计算出”

30、，其后应接宾语，这里as作关系代词，和such或so连用。如果本句改为worked it out，则该题应选为A，构成suchthat结构，引导结果状语从句。2）The spokesman said that the new policy was unfair to his country and _ they would take some legal steps. A. that B. what C. whether D. 答案是A。 本题考查宾语从句的连接词。一个谓语动词后接两个宾语从句时，第二句的连接词（尤其是that）不可以省略。有关各类主从复合句的区别和常用连接词的知识点仍将是高考

31、常考的考点，对此考生要注意梳理基础知识，并在做题时注意题干的细节，不能漏掉任何有助于答题的信息，从而提高答题的准确率。2、强调句型、省略句型和倒装句型。例如：1）I dont remember how many years ago _ I last showed you around the factory.A. it was that B. was it that C. it was when D. was it when 答案是A。 本题考查强调句和宾语从句的语序。这种几个考点结合起来设计题目的方式在高考题目中很常见。“it was that”是强调句的标志词，句中的宾语从句how man

32、y years ago it was that由强调句it was many years ago that转化而来。2）-We are expected to finish the work by 6 oclock this evening.-_ if we cant manage it？A. What B. How C. Why D. When答案是A。本题考查省略句型。what if意思是“如果怎么办；即使又有什么关系”。相当于一个主从复合句，条件句完整，主句因上下文比较清楚，省略了“will happen”。3）Only when he got hurt _ the importance

33、 of road safety. A. he realized B. did he realize C. he has realized D. had he realized答案是B。本题考查的是倒装句型和句子的时态。only, so引导的内容提前或否定词提前，句子要进行部分倒装。而此句的时态应该是过去时。（三）、其他考点：1、情景交际。例如：- Hello, Grand Hotel. _ - Hello, Im wondering if you have a single room available at present. A. With pleasure. B. Whats up? C.

34、 At your service. D. Who is it?答案是C。A意思是“乐意帮您这个忙”，常用于答应帮某人忙；B意思是“怎么了”，常用于询问有什么麻烦事发生；C意思是“随时恭候您的吩咐”，常用于侍者或接待人员的招呼语；D询问的是“谁在打电话”，与题意不符。在解答这类情景交际题目时，看清前后文的具体语境很关键。要善于体会说话人之间的关系亲疏、语气是否客气等。2、一些习惯用法或固定搭配中的冠词。例如：-Would you like to go to _ cinema with us? -I would love to, but I have too much work at _ hand

35、. A. the, the B. a, a C. the, D. , the答案是C。这两个短语都是固定搭配。应对这类题目，要注意平时对于语言基础知识的积累与记忆，而且对习惯用法等的记忆尤其要注意细节。3、名词或名词短语辨析。例如：1）Judging from his facial _, he is content with the new project. A. expression B. expedition C. explanation D. experience答案是A。此题考查的是词形相似的名词之间的辨析。还有很多题目设计的考点是词义相近的名词的辨析。这就要求考生在考前复习时再熟读考

36、试说明中的高考词汇表，重点关注词形或词义相近的名词间的辨析。2）- Whats your _ being late this time? - Im sorry, but I _ a former classmate on my way. A. reason of, met B. cause of, came to C. excuse for, came across D. explanation for, meet with答案是C。此题考查的是名词的短语搭配和动词短语辨析，并穿插了时态的考查，要求考生不仅有扎实的知识基础，还要对题目所给信息有综合而犀利的判断能力。解这类综合题目的最佳方法是排

37、除法和比较法，即认真比较四个选项间的区别，根据题目所给信息对不符合题意的选项进行排除。4、代词用法。例如：Id appreciate _ if you tell me in advance what time exactly you will arrive. A. it B. that C. one D. the one答案是A。此题考查it用作形式宾语的用法以及it, that, one 在指代前文提过的事物时的用法。这两点都是高考常考的考点。5、形容词和副词用法。例如： - Have you seen the robber _ ? - Why ask me? You are the onl

38、y one who stands _ to him. A. clear, close B. clearly, closely C. clear, closely D. clearly, close答案是D。此题考查的是形容词和副词的用法。这部分内容中要注意“close”与“closely”、“high”与“highly”、“deep”与“deeply”等几对词语的区别。比较级的用法和倍数的表达法以及一些常用短语也是这部分内容的考点。6、介词与介词短语用法。例如： _ your help, I would have failed to meet the deadline. A. With B.

39、For C. Without D. Due to答案是C。此题考查介词与虚拟语气的用法。对介词的考查经常与对名词、动词、形容词的短语搭配的考查结合在一起。故考生需要在记忆常用短语时多关注介词搭配和不同搭配的不同含义。综上所述，单选题目既要求考生对英语语法知识、词语知识的记忆、理解、掌握和运用能力，又要求根据题干所给的语境条件进行分析、对比，灵活地运用各项英语基础知识。考生不仅要做好基础知识的积累，还要通过大量的练习掌握一定的答题技巧，才能提高答题的准确率。考点演练 1).He cant remember exactly when his friend Victor went back to _

40、UK. He only remember it was _ Friday.A. the, the; B. a; the C. a; a D. the; a2). Computers of this kind _ well.A. sell B. sells C. are sold D. is sold3). It is the young man _ looked for _ caught the murder.A. that; who B. that; theyC. they; that D. they; which4). If you carry on working like this,

41、you will _ sooner or later.A. break down B. give up C. get down D. hold on5). This film is _ boring, it is in fact rather exciting and fascinating.A. anything but B. nothing but C. no more D. all but6). He _ full marks, but he was so careless as to make a spelling mistake.A. must have gained B. can

42、have gained C. could have gained D. must gain7). Only when_ possible to settle the problem .A. does the headmaster come will it beB. the headmaster comes will it beC. has the headmaster come it will beD. the headmaster comes it will be)8). - $500, but that is my last offer.- Ok, it is a _.A. cost B.

43、 price C. reward D. deal9). A young man came _ to the bus stop only _ the bus had gone.A. running; to find B. to run; to find C. and run; found D. running; finding10). Pears are usually sold by _ weight and eggs are sometimes sold by _dozen.A. the ; the B. /; a C. /; the D. the; a11). He instructed

44、I _ the secret until I was told to.A. must let out B. must not let outC. should be let out D. not let out12). He came _ to the dead dog which he found and watched it _.A. close; close B. closely; closelyC. closely; close D. closer; closely13). It was in Lianyungang _ is a beautiful city _ Zhangming

45、spent his childhood.A. which; that B. that; which C. which; which D. that; in which14). I seized Tim by both his hands _ he appeared in the street.A. at moment B. the moment C. at moments D. at that time15). _ hot, Jim uncovered his quilt, _ only his stomach_.A. Feeling; leaving; covered B. Felt; le

46、ft; coveredC. Feeling; left; covered D. Felt; leaving; covered16). He brought a white T-shirt and a red skirt. Such _ the gift he gave me when he came back from the USA.A. is B. are C. was D. were17). It is _ work of art that everyone wants to have a look at it.A. a so unusual B. such an unusual C.

47、so unusual D. such unusual18).Its only _ 20 minutes ride from here to _ Stone Company.A. a; the B.不填；a C.不填；the D. the; 不填19).Believe it or not, Jack came out _ first in 100-metre race.You mean _ shortest boy runs _ fastest.A.× the; × B. the; the; the C.× × the D. the; the; ×

48、;20). Can I help you?Id like to buy a present for my fathers birthday, _ at a proper price but of great use.A. one B. anyone C. that D. everything21). This is a _ _building, which is about _ high.A. six-storey; 38 metre B. six-storeys; 38-metreC. six-storeyed; 38 metres D. six-storey; 38-metres22).

49、Our new house is very _ for me as I can get to the office in five minutes.A. convenient B. comfortable C. natural D. helpful23). So far, several ships have been reported missing _ the coast of Bermuda Island.A. off B. alongC. on D. around24）- Good morning, Grand Hotel.- Hello, Id like to book a room

50、 for the nights of the 18th and 19th.- _.A. What can I do for you? B. Just a minute, please.C. Whats the matter? D. At your service.25). She left him, _ never _ foot in that house again.A. determined; to setB. being determined; to putC. determining; to setD. determined; place26). The sun was shining

51、 brightly, _ everything there _ more beautiful.A. making; lookB. to make; looked C. and made; lookingD. and making; be looked27). English is a language that many people around the world _ not speak perfectly but _ at least understand.A. may, can B. would, might C. will, must D. could, might28). John

52、 _ such a thing about you. He never speaks ill of you behind your back.A. cant have said B. might not have said C. couldnt say D. mustnt have said29). What would have happened _ , as far as the riverbank?A. if Bob has walked farther B. if Bob should walk fartherC. had Bob walked farther D. should Bo

53、b walk farther30). Its strange that they _ nothing about this matter.A. should know B. would know C. had known D. knew31). If only he _ me yesterday!A. had seen B. would see C. should see D. saw32).-Daisy, _ where you are so that I can easily find you.-Yes, Mum. But will you be back soon?A. leave B. remain C. last D. go33)Have you _ any information ?No, I'm going to _ the busin