2022年2022年全国统考大学英语B阅读理解

1、精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载阅读懂得 bpassage 20americans、 like many people elsewhere in the world、 like to invite friends to their homes for an evening of food、 drinkand conversation. formal dinners in fine homes and hotels in the united states are much the same as formal dinners anywhere in the world. bu

2、t as most people in the united states have no servants、 their dinner parties at home are decidedly informal. as many new small homes have no separate dining room or just have very small dining space、 guests can also serve themselves and eat in the living room、 holding their plates or trays on their

3、knees.a more enjoyable form of entertainment is the picnic. americans are great picnickers、 and almost every family has a picnic basket. summer invitations are often for a picnic at a park or in the open countryside. unless hamburgers or hot dogs are cooked over a fire、 picnic food is usually cold s

4、andwiches、 salads、 potato chips、 pickles. watermelon is a favorite dessert、 followed very often by baseball for the young and active、 and naps for the old and weary.1 .americans like to invite their friends over to dinner at their homes.a ： tb： f答案： a2 .most americans prefer informal parties because

5、 they cannot afford formal ones.a ： tb： f答案： b3 .guests sit and eat at an informal dinner、 in the dining room or in the living room.a ： tb： f答案： a4 .according to the passage、 people seldom have hot food at a picnic.a ： tb： f答案： a5 .the picnic is considered a more enjoyable form of meal because a des

6、sert is always serveal. a ： tb： f答案： bpassage 21a guide dog is a dog especially trained to guide a blind person. dogs chosen for such training must show good disposition、 intelligence、 physical fitness and sense of responsibility.at the age of about fourteen months、 a guide dog begins an intensive c

7、ourse that lasts from three to five months. it becomes accustomed to the leather harness and stiff leather handle it will wear when guiding its blind owner. the dog learns to watch the traffic and to cross the street safely. it also learns to obey such commands as "forward"、 "left&quo

8、t;、 "right" and "sit" and to disobey any command that might lead its owner into danger.the most important part of the training course is a four-week program in which the guide dog and its future owner learn to work together. however、 many blind people are unsuited by personality

9、to work with dogs. only a tenth of the blind find a guide dog useful.1 .a guide dog is a dog trained to help the blind.a ： tb： f答案： a2 .a guide dog begins its training course at the age of fourteen months.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载a ： tb： f答案： a3 .learning not to guide its owner in the street i

10、s included in the training course.a ： tb： f答案： b4 .the most important part of the training course is to teach the dog how to cooperate with its future owner.a ： tb： f答案： a5 .guide dogs are not popular because it's hard to train a guide dog.a ： tb： f答案： bpassage 22mrs. weeks was reading a newspap

11、er story to her class. the story said:"were you ever in a hospital when you were small. how did you feel." the doctors in children's hospital are asking for money for children's toys. some children in the hospital must stay in bed for many weeks. toys are needed to keep the sick ch

12、ildren happy and quiet. money for them can be sent to the hospital.after mrs. weeks read the story , she said, "this story gave me an idea.""you want us to bring some money for the toys." "we could bring some of our own toys for the children in the hospital、 "said the b

13、oys and the girls one after another."well、 your ideas would be nice、 "mrs. weeks said, "but mine is different.""we could make some toys、 "shouted one of them.mrs. weeks smiled. "do you think you could make toys." she asked. "yes、 yes、 "the whole clas

14、s answered."great. let's begin to make toys tomorrow、 "said mrs. weeks.on saturday afternoon,mrs. weeks took the children to the hospital with the toys made by her students. the children in the hospital felt very happy to see the toys. so did the children in the class.a few days later

15、,mrs. weeks read another newspaper story to the class:some school pupils brought toys to children's hospital last week. the toys were made by the pupils of grade three in green street school. the doctors said, "we have never had so many wonderful toys. our children are very happy with them.

16、 they say, 'thank you,grade three.'"1 .the first newspaper story was mainly about sick children in children's hospital.a ： tb： f答案： a2 .let the class make some toys and give them to the children in the hospital was in mrs. weeks'mind.a ： tb： f答案： a3 .at first , the doctors in ch

17、ildren's hospital wanted toget some money to buy toys for the sick children.a ： tb： f答案： a4 .from the passage we can learn that what mrs. weeks really wanted to do is to ask her class to save money for toys.a ： tb： f答案： b精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载5 .the author's tone in this passage is

18、enthusiastic.a ： tb： f答案： apassage 23computers can injure you. most other injuries happen suddenly. for example,if you fall off a bike and break your arms,it happens very quickly. but computer injuries happen slowly.you probably know how to ride a bike safely. now learn to use a computer safely.your

19、 eyestoo much light can injure your eyes ,so never sit too close to a computer screen. your eyes should be at least 50cm from the screen. remember to look away from it sometimes. this gives your eyes a rest.when you use a computer、 the window should be on your left or your right. if it is behind you

20、、 the light will reflect on反射 the screen. if the window is in front of you、 the sun and the screen will both shine into your eyes.your hands and wristshand and wrist injuries can happen because the hands and wrists are moved in the same way hundreds of times. if you use a keyboard for a long time ,

21、follow these three rules:1 rest your wrists on some thing. 2 keep your elbows 肘 at the same height as the keyboard. 3 stop sometimes and exercise your hands, wrists and fingers in a different way.your backsome people sit for many hours in front of a computer. if you sit in the wrong way, you can inj

22、ure your back or your neck. so you should sit with your back straight. the top part of the screen should be in front of your eyes. your forearms, wrists ,hands and the upper part of your legs should all be parallel 平行 to the floor. if you are sitting for a long time,get up every 30 minutes and exerc

23、ise your arms ,legs and neck.enjoy your computer , but use it safely.1 .a computer screen may injure your eyes if your eyes are too close to it.a ： tb： f答案： a2 .hand and wrist injuries are caused when you get plenty of exercise.a ： tb： f答案： b3 .your eyes and hands will be safe if you often take rest

24、s from working.a ： tb： f答案： a4 .it is good for your back and neck if you sit in the right way.a ： tb： f答案： a5 .the best title for the text is "how to protect your eyes."a ： tb： f答案： bpassage 24computers are very important to modern life. many people think that in the future computers will

25、be used in lots of aspects of everyday life. it is thought that we won't have to go shopping because we will be able to get most things which are sold in shops on the internet. there will be no more books because we will be able to get all texts from computers. the精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载

26、internet will be used to play games , see films and buy food. most telephone calls will be made by computers.some people are glad about these new ways of shopping and communicating. others do not think that computers will replace our old ways.let's look at books ,for example. some people think t

27、hat one day we will not read books made of paper. instead,we willbuy and read books using computers. we will read texts on small pocket computers. the computers will keep many different books in them at the same time. we won't need to turn lots of pages and paper will be saved. computerized 运算机化

28、的 books will be used more and more.is internet shopping such a pleasure as going to the shop. many people say it is not. it is a pleasure to go into shops and look at things you want to buy. also probably people won't like to read large texts on our computers. because paper books seem to be more

29、 friendly. maybe computers won't change these two habits.1 .in the first paragraph it is thought that people will use computers to play games, go shopping and make telephone calls.a ： tb： f答案： a2 .computerized books won't be very expensive is not mentioned in the passage.a ： tb： f答案： a3 .the

30、 underlined sentence in the last paragraph means people like to read paper books.a ： tb： f答案： a4 .the last paragraph tells us internet shopping is a great pleasure.a ： tb： f答案： b5 .the best title of this passage could be " computers are the future ".a ： tb： f答案： bpassage 25do you want to k

31、now something about the history of weather. don't look at the sky. don't look for old weather reports.looking at the tree rings is more important. some weather reports go back only one century, but some trees can show us an exact record of the weather even further back.it's clear that a

32、tree would grow best in a climate with lots of sunlight and rainfall. it is also expected that little sunlightor rainfall would limit the growth of a tree. the change from a favorable 有利的 to an unfavorable climate can be reading the tree rings in tree trunk. to find out the weather of ten years ago

33、,count the rings of a tree trunk from the outside to the inside. if the tenth ring is far from the other rings,then we are sure that lots of sunny and rainy weather happened. if the rings are close together, then the climate was bad for the tree.studying tree rings is important not only for the hist

34、ory of the weather,but also for the history of man. in a place of new mexico you can find only sand no trees and no people. however, many centuries ago a lot of people lived there. they left suddenly. why.a scientist studied the dead tree rings which had grown there. he decided that the people had t

35、o leave because they had cut down all the trees. trees were used to make fires and buildings. so、 after the people cut down the trees ,they had to move.1 .it is understood that in a favorable climate tree rings grow far from each other.a ： tb： f答案： a精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载2 .trees brought lo

36、ts of sunlight and rainfall.a ： tb： f答案： b3 .the scientists are interested in studying tree rings because they can tell whether the climate was favorable or not.a ： tb： f答案： a4 .studying dead tree rings shows how the people left.a ： tb： f答案： b5 .the people had to leave the place of new mexico becaus

37、e they had cut down all the trees.a ： tb： f答案： apassage 26have you ever listened to young children talking in the playground. they are always boasting. they say things like、 "my dad's car is bigger than your dad's、 "and "my mom is smarter than yours." they particularly li

38、ke to boast about their families.there were three little boys、 harry、 ted and gavin、 who were always boasting. gavin was the worst. everything about his family was always the best or the biggest or the most expensive.whatever the others said、 he could always go on better. one day when they were walk

39、ing to school、 harry said、 "my father had a bath twice a week、" ted spoke next. " that's nothing、" he said. "having a bath twice a week is dirty. my fatherhas a bath every day, sometimes twice a day." ted looked at gavin. now it was his turn. but what could he say.

40、" this time、" ted thought、 " i'm going to win." gavin didn't know what to say. he couldn't say that his father had a bath three times a day. that was silly. he walked on in silence. ted smiled at harry, and harry smiled back. they were sure that for once they had beat

41、en gavin. they reached the school gates. still gavin said nothing. they went into class. morning break,lunch time and afternoon break all passed. still gavin said nothing. "we've won、 " ted said to harry、 but he spoke too soon. on the way home、 gavin said、 "my dad is so clean that

42、 he doesn't have to bathe at all."1 .according to the passage, the meaning of the word "boast" is " to talk big ".a ： tb： f答案： a2 .harry boasted about the number of times his father had a bath every week.a ： tb： f答案： a3 .gavin boasted the most.a ： tb： f答案： b4 .ted's

43、father often had a bath twice a day.a ： tb： f答案： b5 ."he spoke too soon" in the last paragraph means he was wrong.a ： tb： f答案： a精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载passage 27学习必备欢迎下载精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载chess must be one of the oldest games in the world. an arab traveller in india in the year 900 wro

44、te that it was played 'long、 long ago.' chess was probably invented in india、 and it has been played everywhere from japan to europe since 1400. the name 'chess' is interesting. when one player is attacking the other's king、 he says in english、 'check'. when the king has

45、been caught and cannot move anywhere、 he says 'check mate'. these words come from persian 'shah mat' means 'the king is dead'. that is when the game is over、 and one player has won.such an old game changes very slowly. the rules have not always been the same as they are now.

46、for example、 at one time the queen could only move one square at a time. now she is the strongest piece on the board. it would be interesting to know why this has happened. chess takes time and thought、 but it is a game for all kinds of people. you don't have to be a champion in order to enjoy i

47、t. it is not always played by two people sitting at the same table. the first time the americansbeat the russians was in a match played by radio. some of the chess masters are able to play many people at the same time. the record was when one man played 400 games. it is said that some people played

48、chess by post. this must make chess the slowest game in the world.1 .chess was played in india long before 900.a ： tb： f答案： a2 .one player has won the game when he attacks the other player's king.a ： tb： f答案： b3 .chess is a game for all sorts of people.a ： tb： f答案： a4 .only two people can play c

49、hess sitting at the same table.a ： tb： f答案： b5 .according to the old rules of the game、 the king could not move anywhere.a ： tb： f答案： bpassage 28no one knows who made the first ice cream. some people think that water ices and milk ices may have been made by the chinese between three thousand and fou

50、r thousand years ago. in time、 the dish reached india. the indians、 in turn、 may have精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载passed on the secret to the arabs and persians. the persians called their dish sharbat、 from which our word sherbe（t露）comes.冰冻果子精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载marco polo、 an italian who traveled widel

51、y in the thirteenth century、 noted that he found the chinese had long been making ices out of fruit juices and milk. from the fourteenth century on、 ices became popular、 first in venice and then throughout italy.in 1533、 when catherine de medicis left italy to marry the future king henry of france、

52、she took her cooks with her.they made desserts the french had never tasted before. among them was "ice cream". for each day of the wedding festivities（庆祝活动,庆典）catherine's cooks prepared a different flavor of her favorite dessert-"ice cream."at first ice cream was a luxury in

53、france. only rich people had money to buy it. then、 in 1660、 a young man from sicily、 francisco procopio、 arrived in paris. he opened a shop that sold ice cream at prices people could afford. procopio's"ice-cream parlor " became so popular that other shops were opened.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - -

54、- 欢迎下载学习必备欢迎下载about 1640、 king charles i introduced ice cream to england. he had heard it was popular in italy and france. he served ice cream for dessert at a banquet. the surprise dish was a great success. the king ordered his cook to keep the recipe for ice cream a secret. charles felt that only

55、royalty should serve the dessert. but the secret soon leaked out. ice cream quickly became popular in england too.1 .this passage is mainly about the history of ice cream.a ： tb： f答案： a2 .marco polo's remark shows that he traveled in india.a ： tb： f答案： b3 .ice cream was unknown in france until 1

56、640.a ： tb： f答案： b4 .ice cream was introduced to england by king charles i.a ： tb： f答案： a5 .development of ice cream in france and other countries is discussed in the passage.a ： tb： f答案： apassage 29large modern cities are too big to control. they impose their own living conditions on the people who

57、 live in them.city-dwellers （居住在城市的人）have to adopt an unnatural way of life. they lose touch with the land and the rhythm of nature so that they are hardly conscious of the seasons.a few flowers in a public park may remind people that it is spring or summer and a few leaves on the roadside may remin

58、d them that it is autumn. beyond that、 what is going on in nature seems totally unrelated to them. all the simple、 goodthings of life、 such as sunshine and fresh air are far away. tall buildings blot out（把遮住）the sun、 and waste gases fromcars pollute the air. even the distinction between day and nigh

59、t is lost. in the night、 it is almost as bright and noisy as it is in the day and people are busy with what they hope to deal with.the funny thing about it all is that city-dwellers pay dearly for living in the city. the prices for houses are so high that it is often impossible for ordinary people to buy a house o