(word完整版)高中英语语法-状语从句归纳总结,推荐文档

1、1状语从句状语从句分类:种类连接词注意区别：时间 状语whe n/whe never/while/as/before/after/i nsta ntly/until/till/by the time /as soon as/hardlywhen/no soonerthan/the moment/the minute/immediately有一些表示时间的名词短语也可用来引导时间状语从 句：theminute, the moment, every time, the first time例：The momenthe reached the country, he started his sear

2、ch.他一到达这个国家，就开始他的探寻工作。有一些表示时间的副词也可用来引导时间状语从句：directly例:Directly the master came in, every one was quiet.校长一进来，大豕就安静下来as 和 when、while :as, whe n引导短暂性动作的动词。当从句的动作发生于主句 动作之前，只能用when引导这个从句，不可用as或while。从句表示随时间推移”连词能用as,不用when或while。till/until和nottill/until:until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。地点 状语where/whereverwhere

3、，表示某一个；wherever，表示任何一个。原因 状语Because/as/si nce/now that/forbecause 和 since、for、as、now that：because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或since。由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号， 则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情 况加以推断，就只能用for。now that都表示 既然now that一定要是现在发生的，since可以是现在，也可以是过去和现在。条件 状语if/unl ess/on ce/i

4、n case/as long as/on con diti on that多用一般时态，如果表示一般将来的情况，就用一般现在时， 如果表示过去将来的情况，就用一般过去时。目的 状语(so) that,/i n order that/for fear that/i n case/lestso that禾口in order that后常接may, should, could, would等情态 动词结果状语so that, such that其规律由so与such的不冋词性决疋。such是形容词，修饰 名词或名词词组，so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so还可与表示数量的形容词many, few,

5、 much, little连用，形成固疋 搭配。比较 状语Than/not so/asas/the morethe moreYour watch is not the same as his.(the same 结构)方式 状语as if, as though, as, (just)as-soas if和as though引导的从句一般用虚拟语气。2状语从句让步 状语Though/although/even if/even though/ as/, no matterwhat/who/which/how/when , whatever/whoever/whichever/however/whe

6、never,whether-or-(不管-都)as在让步状语从句中常用倒装形式；although和though用正常语序，可和yet连用，但不可和but连用3状语从句时间状语从句：when （当.的时候）before （在.之前）while （在.期间）since （自从.以来）as soon as一.就.）after （在.之后） nottill/until （直至U.才）no soonerthan冈（ 就）地点状语从句：where （在那里）wherever（无论哪里）原因状语从句：because因为）si nee （因为，既然）as （由于）for （为了）now that（既然）目的状

7、语从句：（so）that=in order that（以便）so as（not）to（以便不）in case（以免）lest（以免）结果状语从句：so+adj./adv.+that（如此.以致）so that（结果 .）such+n.+that（如果. 以致）that（所以，因此）让步状语从句：though/although不可同but连用。though/although（虽然）however（可是）even though/if（即使）no matter+what/which/where/who/whe n =whatever/whichever/wherever/whoever/whe ne

8、ver（不论什么/哪一个/哪里/谁/何时）as（正如）asas（和.一样）not as/soa（不如.）than（比.更）the+比较级+the+比较级 （越.越.）if（假设）unless（如果不）so long as（只要）on condition that（如果）as（像.那样地）just as（正像）as if（好像）as though（好像）各种状语从句的简化方法:状 语从 句由when/while/as/once/whenever引导的时间状语从句当主句的主语和从 句的主语一致时，且 谓语动词为be，常省 略从句的主语和谓 语be.由if/unless引导的条件状语从句由thoug

9、h/although/even though/even if引导的让步状语从句由because引导的原因状语从句由wherever引导的地点状语从句1 .以 after 和 before 引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，从句等于 after/before+doing sth.作状语。例： After she sang she left the rich mans house = After singing , she left the rich mans house2.以 as soon as 引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，从句等于on+doing sth.作状语，此 时的动

10、词为非延续性动词。例： Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers as soon as he arrived at the village=Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers on arriving at the village3.时间状语从句和条件状语从句的主语和主句主语一致时，有时可简化为不定式作状语。例：She stopped when she saw her husband = She stopped to see her husbandIf you want to underst

11、and the farmers you must go to the countryside=To understand the farmers you must go to the countryside4.结果状语从句和目的状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可以简化为不定式作状语；若两者主 语不一致时，则应简化为不定式的复合结构作状语。例：He was so tired that he could nt go any further = He was too tired to go any further:I came here so that I could ask some questi

12、ons= I came here（i n order） to ask some questions5.以 when, while 引导的时间状语从句和以 if 引导的条件状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时， 从句等于 when/while/if+doing sth.作状语，表示谓语动作发生在该状语动作的进行过程之中。as （当.的时候，一边.一边.）till/until （直到）hardlywhen刚.就）.较状语从句件状语从句式状语从句4状语从句例： When he turned on the radio he found it broken. = When turning on the ra

13、dio, he found it broken.While she was walking along the street she was hit by a car = While walking along the street，she was hitby a car.6.原因状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可简化为分词短语作状语。5状语从句例：Since I did nt know Chin ese, I tried to speak to her in En glish. = Not knowing Chin ese, I tried tospeak to her in En glis

14、h注意：形容词短语也可作表示原因的状语，来代替原因状语从句，放在句首、句末均可，但一般 应加逗号。例: As he was thirsty and eager to get a little rest he went into the tea-house =Thirsty and eager to get alittle rest he went into the tea-house7.在时间、原因、条件等状语从句中，若从句和主句主语不一致时，可简化为分词复合结构作状 语。有时也可简化为“with/without 名词或代词十分词（短语）形式作状语。例: When the film start

15、 appeared, the children got exited = The film start appearing，the children gotexited .If all the work is done, you can have a rest = With all the work done， you can have a rest Nothing canlive if there is no air . = Nothing can live without air .8 .让步状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可简化为分词短语作状语；不一致时，常简化为 with或 in sp

16、ite of 介词短语作状语。例: Although he faced his death， he did nt say any thi ng before the en emy=Fac ing the death， he did nt say anything before the en emy.Although there was dange，he rushed out to carry the boy to safety=In spite of dan ger, he rushed out to carry the boy to safetyhardly/scarcelywhen/bef

17、ore, no soon er-tha n 和 as soon as 都可以表示一就的意思, 例:I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain.I had no sooner got home tha n it bega n to rain.As soon as I got home, it bega n to rain.注意：如果 hardly, scarcely 或 no sooner 置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构：Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.No sooner had I got home tha n it bega n to rain.四.As 引导的让步状语从句的倒装:1. 形容词+as+主语+系动词：例：Tired as he is, he offers to help me 尽管他已经很累了，他还是主动提出帮助我。2. 过去分词+as+主语+系动词：例: Well-known as the book is, the author is not satisfied and prepared to revise it. 尽管这本书写