省略教学课件

1、简单句中的省略简单句中的省略1 1、省略主语、省略主语 祈使句中主语通常省略；其它省略主语祈使句中主语通常省略；其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。多限于少数现成的说法。(1) (1) (i)(i) thank you for your help. thank you for your help.(2) (2) (i)(i) see you tomorrow. see you tomorrow.(3) (3) (it)(it) doesnt matter. doesnt matter.(4) (4) (i)(i) beg your pardon. beg your pardon.简单句中的省略简

2、单句中的省略2 2、省略主谓或主谓语的一部分、省略主谓或主谓语的一部分 (1) (1) (there is)(there is) no smoking . no smoking .(2) (2) (is there)(is there) anything wrong ? anything wrong ?(3) (3) (will you)(will you) have a smoke ? have a smoke ?(4) what/how (4) what/how (do you think)(do you think) about a cup of tea ? about a cup of

3、 tea ?(5) why (5) why (do you)(do you) not say hello to him ? not say hello to him ?简单句中的省略简单句中的省略3 3、省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留、省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留toto，但如果，但如果该宾语是动词该宾语是动词bebe或完成时态，则须在之后加上或完成时态，则须在之后加上bebe或或have:have:(1) are you going there? -yes, id like to (go there).(2) he didnt give me the chance, though he h

4、ad promised to (give me the chance).(3) are you an engineer? -no, but i want to be.(4) he hasnt finished the task yet. -well, he ought to have.动词不定式省略时保留动词不定式省略时保留to1.be+adj(glad,happy,pleased,anxious,willing,ready)1.be+adj(glad,happy,pleased,anxious,willing,ready)等词后保等词后保to to2.love,like,mean,hope,

5、advise,expect,wait,persuade,seem2.love,like,mean,hope,advise,expect,wait,persuade,seem等词等词后保后保to to3.have,need,ought,be able,be going,used 3.have,need,ought,be able,be going,used 等词后保to4.ask,tell,advise,persuade,wish,permit,allow sb. to do sthask,tell,advise,persuade,wish,permit,allow sb. to do sth.

6、 .结构中保to5.不定式的否定式后保留to6. 不定式中的完成式后保留to have 7.used to be 结构中be 不能省 4 某些动词后含有宾语补语或主语补语的复合结构中省略to be 或 being 的情况they found the answer (to be ) correct(宾语补足语).this conclusion proved (to be) correct(主语补足语).简单句中的省略简单句中的省略简单句中的省略简单句中的省略5 5、省略表语、省略表语 (1) are you thirsty? -yes, i am (1) are you thirsty? -ye

7、s, i am (thirsty).(thirsty).(2) his brother isnt lazy, nor is his sister (2) his brother isnt lazy, nor is his sister (lazy).(lazy).6 6、同时省略几个成分、同时省略几个成分 (1) lets meet at the same place as (we met) yesterday.(2) -have you finished your work ? -(i have) not (finished my work) yet.主从复合句中的省略主从复合句中的省略1

8、1、主句中的省略主句中的省略(1) (1) ( im )( im ) sorry to hear you are ill. sorry to hear you are ill.(2) (2) ( its a )( its a ) pity that he missed such a good chance. pity that he missed such a good chance.2 2、省略从句的一部分，用省略从句的一部分，用so, not代替代替(1) is he coming back tonight? -i think (1) is he coming back tonight?

9、-i think soso. .(2) she must be busy now? -if (2) she must be busy now? -if soso, she cant go with us., she cant go with us.(3) is she feeling better today? -im afraid (3) is she feeling better today? -im afraid notnot. .(4) do you think he will attend the meeting? -i guess (4) do you think he will

10、attend the meeting? -i guess notnot. . 这这种用法常种用法常见见的有：的有：how so? why so? is that so? i hope how so? why so? is that so? i hope so. he said so.so. he said so.及及i suppose/believe/hope not. i suppose/believe/hope not. so-一个单词，短语或句子not 一个含有否定意义的句子动词有：hope,think, be afraid,believe,expectsuppose,guess,ima

11、gine,tell,fearwill he come tonight? i think so. i think not. i dont think so. (hope, be afraid, guess一般使用一般使用not结构结构)并列句中的省略并列句中的省略 两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。中相同的部分。 (1) my father is a doctor and my mother (1) my father is a doctor and my mother (is)(is) a nurse. a nurse.(2) i s

12、tudy at college and my sister (2) i study at college and my sister (studies)(studies) at high at high school.school.(3) when summer comes, the day is getting longer (3) when summer comes, the day is getting longer and longer, and the night and longer, and the night (is getting)(is getting) shorter a

13、nd shorter and shorter.shorter.其他省略其他省略1 1、连词的、连词的thatthat省略省略(1)(1)宾语宾语从句中常省略从句中常省略连词连词thatthat，但也有不能省略的情况。，但也有不能省略的情况。i think i think (that)(that) you are good, you are good, thatthat tom is good at english tom is good at english and and thatthat susan can speak english susan can speak english (2)

14、 (2) 在定在定语语从句中从句中， ，thatthat在从句中作在从句中作宾语时宾语时可省略可省略. .另外，凡另外，凡是是进进行行时态时态和被和被动语态动语态的定的定语语从句都可省略关系代从句都可省略关系代词词和和be be 动词动词。 。the manthe man( ( that/whom )you shook hands with just now is our english teacher(3)(3)有形式主语有形式主语it的主语从句可省略的主语从句可省略that. it seems (或appears) (that) joe is out，not jack. it is an

15、honor (that) i was invited to your birthday party. 2 2、在某些状语从句中，从句的主语与主句的主语、在某些状语从句中，从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可省去一致时，可省去“主语主语+be”+be”部分（部分（there/it+bethere/it+be）(1)(1) when when (he was)(he was) still a boy of 10, he had to work day and night. still a boy of 10, he had to work day and night.(2)(2) she tried

16、her best though she tried her best though (she was)(she was) rather poor in rather poor in health.health.(3)(3) if if (you are)(you are) asked you may come in. asked you may come in.(4)(4) if if (it is)(it is) necessary ill explain to you again. necessary ill explain to you again.(5)(5)errors,if err

17、ors,if (there are)(there are) any,should be corrected. any,should be corrected. 其他省略其他省略3 3、不定式符号、不定式符号toto的省略的省略(1)(1)并列的不定式可省去后面的并列的不定式可省去后面的 to.to. i told him to sit down i told him to sit down and and wait forwait for a moment. a moment. (2) help (2) help 当当“ “帮助帮助” ”讲时讲时，后面的，后面的宾语宾语或或宾补宾补的不定式符号

18、的不定式符号toto可可带带可不可不带带. . i will help i will help (to)(to) do it for you. do it for you. i will help you i will help you (to)(to) do it. do it.（ （3 3）介）介词词butbut前若有前若有动词动词do,do,后面的不定式不后面的不定式不带带 to.to. the boy did nothing the boy did nothing but playbut play. .其他省略其他省略(4) (4) 某些某些使役使役动词动词（ （let, make,

19、havelet, make, have）及感官）及感官动词动词（ （see, watch, see, watch, hear, notice, observe, feel, look at, listen tohear, notice, observe, feel, look at, listen to等等）后面作）后面作宾宾语补语补足足语语的不定式一定要省去的不定式一定要省去 to, to, 但在被但在被动语态动语态中中须须将将to to 复原。复原。 i i saw the boy fall fromsaw the boy fall from the tree. the tree. the

20、 boy the boy was seen to fall fromwas seen to fall from the tree. the tree. the boss the boss made us workmade us work 12 hours a day. 12 hours a day. we we were made to workwere made to work 12 hours a day 12 hours a day.其他省略其他省略(5) (5) 主主语语从句中有从句中有动词动词dodo, ,后面作表后面作表语语的不定式的的不定式的 toto可可带带可可不不带带。 。

21、all we can do now is all we can do now is (to) wait(to) wait. .(6) find (6) find 当当“ “发现发现” ”讲时讲时，后面作，后面作宾语补宾语补足足语语的不定式符号的不定式符号toto可可带带可不可不带带。 。 we found him we found him (to) work very hard at(to) work very hard at the experiment. the experiment. 但如果是不定式但如果是不定式 to beto be， ，则则不能省略不能省略。 。 she found

22、him she found him to beto be dishonest. dishonest. 其他省略其他省略4 4.在限制性定语从句中可省略作宾语的关系代词在限制性定语从句中可省略作宾语的关系代词whom，which，thatthat is the naughty boy (whom/that) we talked about last week.在direction(方向),way(方式),distance(距离),time(时间),times(倍数) 等词后面所接的定语从句中常省略that,which,in whichi dont like the i dont like the

23、 way way (that)(that) you speak to the old man. you speak to the old man.我不喜欢你跟老人讲话的方式。the the distancedistance (which/that)(which/that) light travels in one second is light travels in one second is 300,000 kilometers. 300,000 kilometers. 光每秒走30万千米。其他省略其他省略5. 在一些固定搭配或句型中省略某些介词have difficultyhave dif

24、ficulty(in)(in) doing sth doing sth. .have a hard timehave a hard time(in)(in) doing sth doing sthhave trouble have trouble (in)(in) doing sth doing sth. .spend some time/money spend some time/money (in)(in) doing sth doing sth. .be busy be busy (in)(in) doing sth doing sth. .waste some time waste s

25、ome time (in)(in) doing sth doing sth. .there is no usethere is no use(in)(in) explaining explaining it to her any more it to her any morehe is carrying out this experiment he is carrying out this experiment (in)(in) the same way the same way as i did as i didyesterday.yesterday.做某事有困难做某事有困难花费时间花费时间

26、/钱做某事钱做某事忙于做某事忙于做某事浪费时间做某事浪费时间做某事做做没用没用按同样的方法按同样的方法其他省略其他省略6 6、连词、连词ifif在部分虚拟条件句中可省略，但后面的在部分虚拟条件句中可省略，但后面的语序有变化。语序有变化。(1)(1) had they time had they time, they would certainly come and help us. , they would certainly come and help us. (2) (2) were i youwere i you, i would do the work better., i would

27、 do the work better.(3(3） ）should there be a floodshould there be a flood, what should we do?, what should we do?7 7、主句和从句各有一些成分省略。、主句和从句各有一些成分省略。the sooner the sooner (you do it),(you do it), the better the better (it will be). (it will be). 其他省略其他省略8.do,does,did等可代替动词以避免重复(1)john doesnt speak engl

28、ish,but peter does.(= speaks english)(2) do you like chinese food?yes,i do.(=like chinese food)(3) can i help you with the problem?yes, ill bebe thankful if you do.(=help me with the problem)(4) shall i open the door?please do.(=open the door). - do you think its going to rain over the weekend? - _

29、a. i dont believe b. i dont believe it c. i believe not so d. i believe notdpractise2. -ill be away on a business trip. would you mind looking after my cat? -not at all._ a. ive no time b. id rather not c. id like to d. id be happy tod3. the boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his moth

30、er told him_? a. not to b. not to do c. not do it d. do not toaexercise 11.beg your pardon.2. havent seen you for ages.3. some more tea? i beg your pardon.i havent seen you for ages.would you like some more tea?4. sounds like a good idea. 5. doesnt matter. 6. sorry to hear that. 7. pity you couldnt come. it sounds like a good idea.it doesnt matter.im sorry to hear that.its a / what a pity you couldnt come.8. this way, please. step this way,please9. terrible weather! 10. joining us for a drink? 11. going to the supermarket? what t