单词检查50_英语_初中教育_教育专区

1、必修五unit 1 great scientistsui重点词汇1. conclude vi终结；结束；推断；决定典例1）the meeting concluded at ten o'clock.会议于十点钟结束。2）it is hard to conclude.这很难断定。重点用法conclusion n.结束，结论make / draw / reach / come to / arrive at a conclusion 下结论，得出结论；bring sth. to a conclusion 使结束；in conclusion作为结论，最后；2. attend v. 1）注意；留意

2、；处理（与to连用）=do with2）出席;到场：3）照看；照料：=take care; look after典例1）we'll attend to the problem later.稍示我们将关注那个问题。2）which doctor is attending you?哪一个医牛-为你看病？重点用法attendance n. 出席，出席的人数，伺候，照料attend school 上学attend a lecture/meeting 听讲座/出席会议attend a wedding/ceremony 出席婚礼"/参加典礼3. expose vt.1）使眾露，显露 2）曝

3、光 3）揭露重点用法exposure n.（在日光、风雨、危险中）暴露，暴晒（后接to + n.）；隈影的）曝光 be exposed to 置身于;暴露于典例1）a real artist can always expose his students to good art and music称职的艺术家总能使学生接触美好的艺术和音乐2）this film has been exposed.这丿 了 已经感光。3）he exposed the plan to the newspapers他向几家报纸透露了这个计划。4）exposure to the cold wind left my lip

4、s feeling dry.我暴露在寒风中,觉得嘴唇t裂。5）as a journalist in the war, she was exposed to many dangers.作为战地记者，她置身于多种危险屮.4. absorb1) 吸收2)使(精神)贯注3)占用(时间)重点用法be absorbed in全神贯注于;热衷于；absorb one's attention吸引某人注意力典例1) the equipment can absorb moisture from the air 这设备能从空中吸收水分2) he is absorbed in study.他专心读书。3) t

5、his job absorbs all of my time.这件工作占川了我的全部时间。5. blame vt.责备;谴责;归咎于；n.责怪；(过失、过错等)责任典例1) the careless driver is to blame for the traffic accident happening yesterday.那个粗心的司机该为昨天发生的交通事故负责。2) who is to blame for the failure? 谁该为这次的失败负责？3) the student blamed the teacher for his failure.学生因失败而怪老师。重点用法blam

6、e sb. for(doing)sth因(做)某事而指责某人blame sth. on sb.因某事而指责某人sb. be to blame for(doing)sth.因(做)某事某人应该受到谴责；注意：be to blame应负责(无被动形式)。6. instruct vt 教导；指示1) miss liu instructed a class in math last year.刘老师去年给一个班学生上数学课.2) the volunteers often go to an orphan home to instruct orphans, in english这些志愿者经常去孤儿z家去教

7、他们英语.3) he was instructed when to start through the email.他从邮件中得到出发时间的通知4) he was instructed to sail for new york.他奉命前往纽约。重点用法instruct sb.( in sth.)教，教导，传授技能instruct sb. to do; instruct wh命令，指示，instruct that-clause 通知7. contribute vi. &vt.捐助，捐献,贡献；投稿1) he contributed to the church.他向教会捐款。2) he o

8、ften contributes to this newspaper.他经常向这家报社投稿。3) cigarette smoking is a major factor contributing to cancer.吸烟是导致癌症的主要因素。 重点用法contribution, n.捐献，贡献；投稿contribute.to向捐献(投稿)contribute to促成，起作用，有助于make a contribution to / towards 向捐赠；对作出贡献注意：以上短语中to为介词；iv重点词组（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. put forward提出（建议等）；推荐某人或自己任职

9、位；提名典例1）he put forward a new plan yesterday.他昨天提出一个新计划。2）may i put your name forward as a possible chairman of the committee?我能否提名你当委员会主席？短语归纳put on穿上；增加put on performances 演出put an end to结束；终止put off推迟；延期；put one*s heart into 全神贯注于put down 写下put out生产；扑灭put back放回；送回put up举起；张贴2. apart from除之外;另外典例

10、1）apart from a few faults, he is a perfect teacher.除了几个缺点之外，他是一个很好的老师。2）apart from the cost, the dress doesn't suit me.姑_ll不论价格，这件礼服也不适合我穿。 短语归纳in addition to除之外（还有，包括在内）besides除之外（还有，包括在内）except （for）除之外除之外（还有，不包括在内）except that除了除之外（还有，不包括在内）3make sense讲得通；有意义典例what he says makes sense.他说的有道理。c

11、an you make sense of this poem?你能明白这首诗的含义吗？what you say is true in a sense.伤所说的在某种意义上是真实的。短语归纳make no sense讲不通；无意义make sense of 了 解，明白in a sense就某种意义而言；在某种意义上unit 2 the united kingdomiv重点词汇(旨在捉供综合运川所需材料)1. consist vi.由组成，在于，一致consist of=be made up of由组成;由构成典例1) substances consist of small particles

12、called molecules.物质是山叫做分子的微粒组成的。2) true charity doesn't consist in almsgiving.真正的慈善不在于施舍。2. clarify v澄清，阐明典例1) could you clarify the first point please?请你澄清第一个要点,好吗?i don't understand it completely, either.我也并不窕全理解。2) his mind suddenly clarified.他的脑子突然清醒过来。3convenience n.便利，方便，有益，有用的，方便的用具典例

13、1) we bought this house for its convenience.我们买卜这所房子是为了方便。2) please come at your convenience.诘在你方便的吋候来。3) gas is one of the modern convcnicnccs the newly-built apartment building provides. 这幢新造的公寓大楼装有煤气等现代化设备。重点用法inconvenience n. 不方便 convenient adj.便利的，适宜的at one's convenience在某人方便的时候 for one'

14、;s convenience(of)为 了某人的方便 for convenience's sake 为 了 方便起见 make a convenience of 利用4. influence n.& vt影响，感化，势力，有影响的人(或事)1) what influenced you to do it?是什么感染了你要这么做？2) don't be influenced by him; you should hold your own decision.别被他影响了你，你该有你自己的决定。重点用法have influence on/with.对产生影响under the

15、 influence of 在的影响下5. available adj.nj用到的，可利用的，有空的，典例1) attention, please. these tickets arc available on the day of issue only.请注意，这种车票仅在发售当天有效2) dresses are not available in your size, tm afraid.这些衣服恐怕没有你的尺寸。重点用法反义词：unavailable6. arrange v安排：排列，协商碘例1) the child was required to arrange his shoes in

16、 a neat row by his parents.家长要这个小孩把鞋放成整齐的一排2) he was arranged by his family to marry a girl of his own class他家里安排他娶一个门当户对的女孩。重点用法arrange for安排，准备arrange with sb. about sth与某人商定某事7. delight n快乐，高兴，喜悦v.(使)高兴,(使)欣喜典例1) sometimes an old movie can still delight the people who have a sweet memory for the

17、old days.有时一部旧片仍能给怀念i 口时光的人们带来喜悦。2) the movie xi yangyang & hui tailang gave delight to millions of children.电影喜羊羊与灰太郎使千万小朋友获得乐趣。重点用法take/find/have delight in 喜爱，以为乐to sb.'s delight令人高兴的是delight in 嗜好v重点词组(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)1. take the place of 代替，取代1) in the future, natural gas will take the pla

18、ce of petrol as the major fuel.将来天然气会代替汽汕 成为主要的能源。2) i'll take the place of mr. lin next week. =f11 take mr. lin's place next week.下周我将代替林老师。重点用法take place发生；举行take one's place就位；代替某人in place of (= instead of)代替in place在适当的位置out of place不得其所，不适当地in the first place 首先from place to place 到

19、处；各处2. break down损坏，跨，压倒，分解1) the bridge broke down.桥塌了。2) the engine broke down.发动机坏 了。3) he has broken down from overwork.他因工作过度而累垮 了。4) water can be broken down into hydrogen and oxygen.水可以分解为氢和氧。5) the plan to build another chemical work has broken down because it will cause serious pollution.再建

20、一个化工厂的计划失败了，因为这将引起严重的污染。词汇激活break away from 摆脱，脱离break in闯入；插话break into闯入；破门而人；打断（谈话）break off中止；折断；打折break out爆发；突然发生break through 突破；冲垮break up分解；（使）结束汾开，分离3. leave out省去，遗漏典例1）you have left out the most important word in this sentence. 你在这一句中遗漏了最重要的一个单词。2）don't leave me out when you invite p

21、eople to your party. 当你邀请人们去参加晩会时，别把我漏掉了。重点用法leave for动身到（某处）leave alone不管;撇下一个人leave aside 搁置leave behind遗忘;遗留unit3 life in futurehi重点词汇（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. private adj. 1）私人的；个人的2）私下的，保密的；典例1）when children grow up, they are eager to get private rooms for themselves.当孩子长人了，他们都渴望有自己的房间。2）i wish to have

22、a private talk with you.我想私底卜和你谈谈。2. settlement n. 1）定居点c2）（解决纷争的）协议c3）解决，处理u1）the indians often attacked the settlements of the colonist.印地安人经常袭击殖民者的定尿点。2）the strikers and the employers have reached a settlement over new working conditions. 罢工者已经与顾主就新的工作条件达成了协议。3）after the settlement of our differe

23、nces, we became friends.消除分歧后，我们成了朋友。 重点用法settle v定居come to a settlement 解决；决定；和解settle in canada.定居加拿大settle down安顿下来：过稳定有序的生活：3. impression n.印；印痕；印记；印象；意念；概念典例1) your performance gave me a strong impression.你的表演给我留卜 了很深的印象。2) what i said made no impression on him.我的话对他不起作用。重点用法impress v留下印象impres

24、s sth. on / upon one*s mind 把牢i己在心、上have an impression of sth. / doing sth. that.make an impression on sb. 给某人留下印象make no impression on 对无影响 / 效果give sb a favorable impression给某人以好印象an impression of sb*s foot某人的脚印4. remind v.提醒；使想起典例1) the picture reminds me of my college days.这张照片使我想起 了 大学里的 口 了。2)

25、 remind me to write to father.请提醒我给父亲写信。3) please remind me that i must call her up before nine.in 醒我九点丽给她打个电话。 重点用法remind sb of sth.=remind sbabout.提醒某人某事；remind sb. that也可以表示“提醒某人做某事”或“使某人想起去做某事”。5. previous adj冼的，前的；事前的；以前的重点用法previous to 在之前典例1) he did better in his previous study.他在预习方面做得好°

26、;2) his previous attempt was successful.他以询的尝试成功 了。3) previous to the conference wc had discussed the matter.在会议召开z前，我们讨论了这个问题.6. lack vt缺乏；没有n缺乏；短缺的东西重点用法lack sth.(wisdom / common sense / money缺乏智慧 / 常识/金钱)be lacking in (courage / determination to do.)缺乏做某事的勇气 / 决心a / the lack of的缺乏for lack of 因缺乏h

27、ave no lack of 不缺乏典例1) you will not be lacking in support from me.你将得到我的帮助2) i lacked for nothing.我不需要任何东西7. require v.需要；要求；命令重点用法require+ n./ pron /doing sth./ to do sth. /that-clause 典例1）this suggestion will require careful thought.这建议盂要仔细考虑。2）to carry out this plan would require increasing our s

28、taff by 50%.执行这一计划需要增加50%的人员。8. assist vt. / vi.帮助；援助订.参与，出席重点用法assist sbin/with sth.辅助（某人）某事assist sb. in doing sth辅助（某人）做某事assist sb. to do sth.辅助（某人）做某事assist with帮助（照料，做）；在上给予帮助典例1）1 am willing to assist you whenever there is an opportunity.有机会我愿随时帮你。2）fm afraid i can't assist you, you have

29、to go and see the manager.我恐怕帮不上忙，你得去找经理。3）thc headmaster assists with a lot of things when free.有空时校长帮忙做了很多事。4）you will be required to assist mrs. smith in preparing a report.你将要帮助史密斯夫人准备一份报告。iv重点词组（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. take up从事；占（时间、空间、注意力、等）；继续典例1）this table takes up too much room.这张桌子太占地方。2）she has

30、taken up a job as a teacher.她当上老师了。3）this chapter takes up where the last one off.本章继续上一章的内容。短语归纳take ofm掉（衣服等）；起飞：打折：作为折扣而减价：take over接管：获得对的控制或管理take apart拆开：分开后将分成许多部分take for把视作：误认为take .for granted认为是理所当然take down写下，记下take back收回（诺言）；2. be similar to 与相似典例1）his views are similar to mine.他的观点与我的

31、很相似.2）they are similar to each other in appearance.他们在长相上非常相似。相似短语归纳be familiar to对某人来说是熟悉的be familiar with某人对很熟悉in a similar way以与相似的方式3lose sight of/ catch sight of 不再看见/ 瞥见重点用法get / have(a)sight of 看见，发现at(the)sight of 一看见at first sight 乍一见out of sight不被看见，在视线之外out of sight of在看不见的地方in / within s

32、ight被见到，在视线内in / within sight of看得见的地方4.sweep up打扫；横扫短语归纳1sweep aside放摊倒一边，不予理会sweep away扫清，迅速消灭，肃清，冲走sweep off扫清；吹走；大量清除sweep out扫掉；清除sweep over将一扫而光unit4 making the newsiv重点词汇(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)1. concentrate vt.集中；聚集典例1) authority was concentrated in the president.政权集于总统一身2) we concentrated on the tas

33、k before us.我们专注于眼前的任务 重要用法concentration n.集中，专心with deep concentration 专心concentrate one's attention on upon把注意力集中在2. course n过程；进程；课程；一道菜典例a course of medical treatments.医学治疗的一个疗程a short -term course 短期班a dinner of five courses 有五菜的正餐3trade 1) vi交易，买卖，经商，对换，购物vtffl.进行交换2) n行业；贸剔商业 典例1) he is e

34、ngaged in trade.他经商。2) this is the trick of the trade.这是经商的诀窍。3) england trades with nearly all the countries in the world.英国几乎少世界上所有的国家进行贸易往来。重要用法trade in做生意，经营trade sth. for sth以换取；trade sth. with sb.同某人交换某物4. defend vt防护,护卫；以行动，语言或文字替辩护或答辩典例1) defend the motherland 保卫祖.国2) the accused man had a l

35、awyer to defend him.被告有一律师为他辩护。重要用法defend against 保卫；抵抗defend from保护，保卫(使不受伤害)5. senior adj年长的；高年级的；高级的n年长者，长辈典例senior staff高级职员a senior officer 高级军官a senior high school 高中senior student高年级学生she has a good relationship with her senio匚重点用法be senior to.比年长6. approve vt.赞成；称许；批准典例1) her father will nev

36、er approve of her marriage to you.他父亲永远不会同意她和你结婚。2) congress approved the budget.国会批准 了国家预算。7polishvt擦亮；磨光；润色典例1) silver polishes easily with this special cloth.用这块特殊的布能很容易把银擦亮。2) when handed in, the article needs polishing.文章交上去前得进行修改。& employ vt.雇用，甩使用典例1) he is employed in an international co

37、mpany.他在一家跨国公司任职。2) she is good at employing her time.她善于利用时间。重点用法in the employ of sb. =in sb.*s employ 受雇用out of employ 失业9. intention n意图，目的典例ithe leader has no intention of cooperating with such a small company.领导无意少小公司合作。 21f i've hurt your feeling, it was quite without intention.如果我伤了你的感情那完

38、全是无意的。 重点用法by intention 故意without intention无意中，不是故意地have no intention of doing “ 无意做v重点词组(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)l.on one's own 独自；独立解释on one?s own意为“独自”的 同by oneself;不同于”ofone's o、vn” “自己的”典例1) she got the job on her owm她靠自己获得了这份工作。2) anyone who can solve the computer problem on his own will be admit

39、ted to our working group.任何能独立解决这个电脑问题的人可以被录取到我们这个工作组。2. have a good “nose” for sth.探查发现某事物的能力典例1) experienced teachers often have sharp noses for students* problem.有经验的老师通常对学生问题很敏感。2) as a reporter, jane has a nose for a story.作为记者，简善于发现题材。 短语归纳have an eye for对有鉴赏能力have a good ear for对会欣赏have a gif

40、t for有方面的天赋3be supposed to应当；认为必须典例1) you are supposed to come here early.你应该早点过來的。2he was supposed to have passed the driving license but failed.他木该通过驾照考试，但失败了。4. look forward to 盼望典例1) many senior students are looking forward to graduation due to the heavy burden 由于不堪重负许多高中生期待着毕业.2) the daughter i

41、s looking forward to seeing her parents after many years departure 分开多年后，女儿渴望见到她的父母亲。短语归纳1含介词to的短语stick to 坚持lead to导致，通向pay a visit to 参观sentence sbto宣判某人come to谈至lj,涉及see to处理，负责be up to总计devote.to 致力于get down to开始/着手5. be/feel guilty of有罪;因负疚典例1) the naughty boy felt guilty of what he had done to

42、 the teacher.那调皮的男孩为他对老师所做 的事情而感到内疚。2) the child felt guilty of telling a lie and said "sorry" to his mother.那小孩因为撒谎而内疚，并 向他母亲表示歉意。短语归纳feel sorry for 同情6. so as to 以致;为了典例1) the journalist raised his hand so as to earn a chance to ask the question to the spokesperson. 名记者举手想获得向新闻发言人提问的机会。2

43、) the mother covered the baby so as to protect him from being hurt母亲护着婴儿为了保护他免受伤害。短语归纳so.as to如此以致于in order to 为了unit 5 fi rst aidiiv重点词汇(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)1. aid n.&vt.帮助；援助；资助1) they aided flood victims.他们援助遭受水灾的灾民。2) they aided in solving the problem.他们帮忙解决这个问题。3) a dictionary is an important aid

44、for many language learners.字典对于许多语言学习者来说是个很重要的工具。重点用法do/give/offer first aid 进行急救aid sb. in (doing) sth在方面帮助某人in aid of为了援助;作为援助之用with the aid of借助于，通过的帮助call in sb's aid请某人援助2. tissue nu(生理)组织；c纸巾，手巾纸典例the muscular tissue 肌肉组织a box of tissues 一盒纸巾her whole story was a tissue of lies她的整个故事是一套谎言。

45、3. squeeze vt&vi榨；挤；压榨典例squeeze juice from an orange 榨桔子汁squeeze oneself into a crowded bus 挤入拥挤的公共汽车squeeze through the crowd 挤过人群4. present l)vt给；介绍;赠送；呈现2)n赠品,礼物，现在3) adj现在的，出席的，当面 的典例1) a series of famous plays will be present during the spring festival.春节期间将上演一系列好 戏。2) thirty guests were present at the ceremony.冇三十位客人出席这次典礼3) the guests present were very satisfied with the atmosphere of the party. 到场的宾客都对晚会的气氛表示满意。4) presents will be sent for custom