初中英语句型转换归纳指导

1、湖北英语教学网www. hb91 0. com每年的中考试卷中，“句型转换题所占分值较大，是为了全面考查学 生在初中阶段所学的词汇（同义或反义）、短语、句型和语法等方面的知识及其它 的z间的灵活运用能力。i .题型介绍所谓“句型转换"就是先给一个完整的句了a,再根据括号内的要求（有 吋没有明确，须自己观察），在第二个句子b的空白处填上适当的词来完成的 句型转换。ii. 题型分类从形式上看，有如下几种形式：某一词或词组的转换；词组与句 子的转换；同义句型的转换；为纠正常犯语言错谋而设计的题 目o从内容上看，此题型涉及的面较广，主要有：句了功能方面的转换。包括 陈述句（肯定与否定）、四种

2、题疑问句、祈使句、感叹句的转换；句子结构方 面的转换。即简单句、复合句、并列句之间的转换；语态的转换。即主动语态与 被动语态之间的转换；常用句型与词汇手段的转换。iii. 具体分类如下湖北英语教学网www. hb91 0. com1、陈述句中肯定句变为否定句，大部分是用not来改变谓语结构， 但也有借用否定意义的词，如 nothing, nobody, none, neither, little, few, never, hardly 等，例如:a : tom does well in maths.b : tom doesn't do in maths.a : he has much

3、to do.b : he has nothing to do.a : all of my classmates like art.b : none of my classmates likes art.2、改为疑问句。根据上卜句的结构和词的减少，來判断变为哪一种 形式的疑问句。例如:湖北英语教学网www. hb91 0. coma : my brother often has breakfast at school.b :does your brother often have breakfast at school?a:tom，s alreadyweak in english.b:tonfs

4、 alreadyweak inenglish, isift he?a:the red lightchangesevery two minutes.b : how often does the red light change?3、改为感叹句。根据所给的句了结构和单词的词性，來确定使用哪 一种感叹句的形式，例如:a : this is an interesting book.b : what an interesting book this is!或 how interesting this book is!湖北英语教学网www. hb91 0. com根据上句，写出一个意思和同(或相近)的下句

5、，此类形式繁多，内 容复杂，涉及面广，归类如下：1、同义词或词组z间的转换。(通常上下句时态保持一 致)。常见的同义词或词组有：(1)四个“花费"(spend一take一cost一take)； 三个"至u达” (get toreach一arrive in/at) ； (3)四个“收到来信"(hear from一get a letter from一receive a letter from一have a letter from) ； (4) 两个“擅长于." (be good at 一do well in) ； (5)两个"有空"(be

6、 free一have time) ； (6)三个"入睡” (go to sleep一get to sleep一fall asleep ) ； (7)两个"玩得 开心”(enj cy oneselfhave a good time) ；(8)“给打电话"(callsbtelephone sbringsb. acall一make atelephone tosb. ) (9)“飞往(flyto.goto.byair/plane )(1 0)“自学” (teachoneselflearn. by oneself) (11 )在方面帮助help.with.一help.(to

7、)do.(l 2)在差 be weak in.一do badly in.(l 3)能/会canbe able to(l 4)更喜欢.like.better than.一prefer.to.(1 5)充满了 .be full of.湖北英语教学网www. hb91 0. com一be filled with.(l 6攵弃干.give up doing.一stop doing.(1 7幷再 no longernot .any longer( 1 8)照顾/ 保管 take care of.一look after( 1 9)展览 on show一on display (20) ih. stop. f

8、rom doing一keep/prevent. .from doing (21 )由于thanks to一because of (22)举手 hands up一put up one，s hands(23)最后， 终于at last一in the end(24)与同 be different from.一be not the same as. (25)从借入. borrow. from. 一lend .to. (26)乘公汽/火车/ 的士 go to.by bus/train/taxi一take a bus /train/taxi to.(27)乘 自彳亍车去 go to.by bike一rid

9、e a bike to.(28)为感到口豪 be proud of.一be the pride of. (29)步行去 walkto. go to (onfoot (30)独自地by oneself -alone 等。例如a :thechildren hada good timeinthepark.b :thechildren enj eyed themselvesinthepark.2、同义句型之间的转化。常见的同义句型有itseems that 从句>somebody seems (to be) +adj hit's kind of sb. to dfcomebody is

10、kindto do. what does.mean?>what do you mean by.? 或 what's the meaning of.? ©there is som湖北英语教学网www. hb91 0. comething wrong withrttsomething is wrong with. not. until. 与when/after/before引导的吋间状语从句的转换 whafs wrong with.?twhat's the matter with.?how is.jwhat's.like.?how do youlike. ?

11、-> what doyou think of? it's time thatrvtlts time fo r sb. to da. it's said that. people say that can i help you? what can i do for you?彳列如:a : iwentto bedafter i finished my homework b : ididn'tgo tobed until i finished myhomework 3、if引导的条件状语从句的转化。例如：a :if itdoesntrain tomorrow, they

12、9 1 goto the parkb :unlessit rainstomorrow， they' 1 go tothe park a :if you dorfthurry, you' 11 be late.b :hurryup, oryou' 1 be late.湖北英语教学网www. hb91 0. coma : fish cant live if there is no water.b : fish cant live without water.4、现在完成时态中的一句多译。在现在完成时态中，结束性动词不 能与时间段连用，必须改成相应的延续性动词。常见的动词转换

13、有：buy一have, borrow一 keep, die一be dead, open一be open, j (in一be in+组织/be a + 成员， begin一be on, leavebe away from, close一be closed, arrive in/ get to/ come/gotobe in/at, finshbeover,gotosleep一be asleep 、get upbe up.例如:theoldman died fivemonths ago.theoldmanhas been dead since five months ago.theoldmanha

14、s been dead forfive months.ifsfivemonthssince the old man died.fivemonthshaspassed since theold man died.5、简单句与复合句之间的转换。含宾语从句的复合句与简单句的转换。例如: 湖北英语教学网www. hb91 0. coma :i saw they were playing football on the playground.b : i saw them playing football on the playground.a :theteacherfoundthatshewas ver

15、y clever.b :theteacherfoundherveryclever.a :hefound that itwashardto learn english wellb :hefound ithardtolearnenglish well.a :weare surethatwewillwin to first match.b :weare suretowinto first match.由疑问代词/副词引导的宾语从句可转化为“疑问句+不定式"结构。例 如：a : could you tell me howi cangettothe railwaystation?b : cou

16、ld you tell me howto gettotherailway station?湖北英语教学网www. hb91 0. coma : we dont know what weshoulddonex匚b : we dont know what todo next.由 when/after/before/while/since/until 引导的吋间状语从句 口j转化为when/after/before/while/sine/until + doing.例如:a :theywenthome afterthey finishedtheir work.b :thewenthome after

17、finishingtheirwork a :mrsmithhas taughtenglishsincehe came tc)china.b :mrsmithhas taughtenglishsincecoming tochina.whensb.+be+ 数 词 +years ol4> 龙th eage o fr 岁数a : when he was twelve years old, edison started writing his own newspaper.b : at the age of twelve, edison started writing his ownnewspap

18、er.湖北英语教学网www. hb91 0. com 出so.that引导的结果状语从句口j转化为tooto do或enough todo. .例女1 :a :theboxis so heavy that ican'lcarryit.b :theboxis too heavy for me tocarry.口戈.theboxisn'tlight enoughfor metocarry.a :thechildisso old that hecangoto school.b :thechildisold enough togo toschool.由sothat引导的目的状语从句可转

19、化为inordertodo例如:a :myfathergotup early thismorningsothathecouldcatch theearlybus.b :myfathergotup early thismorninginordertocatchtheearlybus.由because '引导的原因状语从句可转化为becauseof.例如:湖北英语教学网www. hb91 0. coma : we didn'tgoto theparkbecauseitrainedb : we didn'tgoto theparkbecauseofthe 定语从句可以转化为介

20、词短语或分词短语。例 如：a :themanwho ison thebikeisjim.b :themanon thebike isjim.a :themanwho isdrivingtheredcar is myboss.b :themandrivingthe redcarismy boss.a :thegirlwho iscalled maryismy sisterb :thegirlcalled mary ismy sister.6、用并列连词neither. nor； either.or. both.and.；notonly.but also 连句。例如:湖北英语教学网www. hb9

21、1 0. coma :i haven, seena tvplayforlong, and1 lily hasn'teither.b :neither i norlily hasseenatv playfor long.a :tom is good at maths,andheis goodat french, too.b :tom is goodat bothmathsand french.neither. .n or., either. or和 not only.but also 连接两个主语时，谓语动词复数。7、主动语与被动语态的互变。“主动"变“被动"实行“三变二不变"原则。“三变"即是主语，谓语和1、2、依靠近它的主语而定，即“就近原则”,但是both.and用来连接两个主语时, 谓a : they make watches in the town.b :watches are made:by them in the town.湖北英语教学网www. hb91 0. coma :i can finish thework bef