直接引语间接引语语法教案

1、.Teaching planDirect speech and indirect speech. Teaching aims 1 Get students to master the usages of Commands and Requests and review direct speech and indirect speech.Command: Do that now! Open the door.Request: Would you please ? Please2 Get students to practice Commands and Requests by role-play

2、ing.3 Get students to summarize the grammatical rules and encourage students to apply the rules into practice. Key points of this period1 Train students speaking skills.2 Master the grammatical rules. Difficult points of this period1 Get every student involved in the learning activities.2 Get every

3、student to be active in class. Teaching methods1 Situational Approach and Communicatinal Approach.2 Elicitation-Inquiry. Teaching aidsBlackboard, chalk, pictures, etc. Teaching proceduresStep 1 Lead in 1 ReviewDirect speech (直接引语) : 一字不改地将别人的话放在引号内；Indirect speech (间接引语) : 用自己的话对别人的话进行转述，不用引号； 陈述句:

4、人称的变化：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。 时态的变化： a. 如果主句的谓语是现在时或是将来时，间接引语时态不变。 b. 如果主句的谓语是一般过去时，间接引语的谓语的时态按下列规律变化： He said heDirect speechIndirect speechplays football played footballis playing footballwas playing footballhas played footballhad played footballplayed footballhad played footballhad played footballhad pl

5、ayed footballwill play footballwould play football 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化：变化直接引语间接引语指示代词thisthatthesethose时间状语nowthentodaythat daytonightthat nighttomorrowthe next / following dayyesterdaythe day beforelast nightthe night beforethe day before yesterdaytwo days beforethree days agothree days beforenext

6、 week the next / following weekagobefore地点状语herethere方向性动词bringtakecomego从句时态无须变化的情况：a. 当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时；b. 当直接引语是客观真理或自然现象；c. 当直接引语是谚语、格言等；Practice: “ My mother took me to an exhibition yesterday,” she said.She said (that) her mother had taken her to an exhibition the day before. 疑问句： 一般疑问句： 用连词

7、whether 或if 引导，谓语动词said 改为asked，宾语从句用陈述句语序；Practice:“ Is your son going to Shanghai today or tomorrow?” he asked.He asked whether / if my son was going to Shanghai that day or the next day. 特殊疑问句：宾语从句中用原来的特殊疑问词并且从句要用陈述句语序。Practice: “ What did Edison do to help the doctor operate on his mother?”the t

8、eacher asked. The teacher asked what Edison had done to help the doctor operate on his mother.Step2 Show game1 Get two of the students to come to the front to play a show game.2 Instruction: Student A make commands and Student B does what he / she is told.3 Example:1 Point to your left eye.2 Open th

9、e door.4 Get students to report what Students A and B did.1 Student A told Student B to point to his / her left eye.2 Student A told Student B to open the door. Step3 Command and Request In English you use a command or a request when you want someone to do something. Please look at the three sentenc

10、es and tell the difference.Open the window. Please open the window.Would you please open the window?Command: If someone in authority commands you to do something, they tell you that you must do it. (not polite)Request: If you make a request, you politely or formally ask someone to do

11、something. (very polite) Look at these expressions and classify them into Commands and Requests. Commands: Correct your spelling mistakes. Go and ! Do that now! Hold that elevator! Say that again! Go and buy some more petrol! Take the dog for a walk! Requests: Please Can I sit here and wait for the

12、doctor?How do you spell that please? Would you please ? Can I please? Would you please speak more slowly? Could you repeat the sentence? Grammanr points: Eg. “Look at this example,” the teacher said to us. The teacher told us to look at that example.当祈使句表示要求或是命令时，变间接引语时常采用tell / order / command sb.

13、to do sth. 的形式。若祈使句为否定形式，变间接引语时不定式前加not 或never.Practice: He said to me, “Dont go out.” He ordered me not to go out. Eg. “Please dont come late.” he said. He asked me not to came late. 当祈使句表示请求时，变间接引语常采用request / beg / ask sb. to do sth. 的形式。祈使句中的please必须省去。Practice: “ Come here and and sit down, ple

14、ase.” he said.He asked me to go there and sit down. Eg. He said,“ Lets go to the museum.” He suggested that we (should) go to the museum. 有些表示建议、要求或劝告的祈使句变间接引语时，可用suggest, insist, offer 等动词加以转述，此时要注意这些词的固定搭配。 Practice: “ Lets play basketball.” she said. She suggested that we (should) play basketball

15、. Eg. “ Can you possibly give me a lift?” he said. He asked me to give him a lift. 有些疑问句并非提出询问，而是表示请求和乞求，这种疑问句变间接引语时常采用ask / beg / request sb. to do sth. 结构。 Practice: “ Would you (please) help me with my work?” he said. He requested me to help him with his work.Step 4 Practice Read these sentences

16、and decide which is a command and which is a request. Then retell them in indirect speech. The children said to their teacher: “ Would you please sing a song for us?” (R) The children asked their teacher to sing a song for them. The mother said to her child: “ Turn off the radio!” (C) The mother tol

17、d her child to turn off the radio. John said to his classmate: “ Can I borrow your pen please?” (R) John asked his classmate if he could borrow his pen. The teacher said to his students: “ Come up to my office!” (C) The teacher told his students to come up to his office. . SummaryIn this lesson, we learnt command and request in direct and indirect speech. We should not only know the meaning of command and request, but also learn to use it. In addition, we reviewed