2022年英语音标基础学习及练习

1、英语音标基础学习及练习英语音标学习认识几个定义：1、音素英语语音中最小的发音单位。2、元音发音时气流在通路上不受发音器官的阻碍。3、辅音发音时气流在通路上受到发音器官的阻碍。4、音节说话时最小的语音片段。一个可以为单个元音（如i/a?/） ，或者一个元音加上一个或多个辅音（如tree /tri:/ ） 。 单词可以根据音节数量分为：单音节词，双音节词和多音节词。5、开音节以读音为元音的字母结尾的音节，即辅音+元音（如me, he 等） ；或以不发音字母 e 结尾（如 name, come 等） 。6、闭音节以一个或几个辅音字母结尾且中间只有一个元音，即元音 +辅音（如 it, pen, pic

2、k等） 。7、重读在双音节或多音节单词中，有个音节必须读得特别强而重，而其它音节读得相对弱而轻，这种现象就叫单词重读。用符号“ ” 表示。8、清音和浊音（辅音）发音时声带不振动叫清辅音；声带振动叫浊辅音。音标基础学习一、英语共有48 个音素，元音20 个，辅音 28 个元音1. 长短： /i:/ /?/ /?:/ /?/ /?:/ /?/ /u:/ / ?/ 2. 大小： /e/ /?/ / :/ /?/ 3. i 组： /e?/ /a?/ /?/ 4. u 组： /?/ /a?/ 5. ? 组： /?/ /e?/ /?/ 清辅音/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ / /s/ /?/ /t?/ /

3、tr/ /ts/ /h/ 浊辅音/b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /e / /z/ / ?/ /d?/ /dr/ /dz/ /r/ /m/n/ /?/ / ? / /w/ /j/ 注： s与辅音元音里的爆破音结合时，通常是清辅音被浊化, /p/ /t/ /k/ 它们浊化后，分别发成: /b/ /d/ /g/ 二 26 个字母在单词中的具体发音a 1. /ei/ name able cake table take date 2. /?/ apple cat map am match matter sad and angry 3. / : / dance last pass plant 4. /?/

4、 want what watch wash 5. /?/ a arrive along alike aloud e 1. /i:/ he she me evening meter 2. /e/ elephant egg bed pen best get empty february next then send 3. /i/ enjoy english eleven because forest 精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - -i 1. /ai / fine bike five i

5、ce climber hiking kind 2. /i/ is sit miss pig picture interesting ill dinner him listen pick river o 1. /?u / old home nose coke tomato tofu over hold piano 2. /?/ dog not clock box robot on from forest often stop 3. 4. u 1. 2. /?/ son month mother love young /u:/ who do whose /ju: / use usually exc

6、use menu /?/bus us sun duck uncle up trunk funny must 3. / u / put pull helpful b /b/ book big bag box c 1. 2. /k/ clean climb cup clock cook collect curtain clothes /s/ face nice pencil city cinema d /d/ desk doll dog dad day dont dish does deep f /f/ fine friend fly foot fan fall fight favourite f

7、ruit funny g 1. 2. / / gun glass glad go get /d? / age orange village h /h/ hat her house honey happy have heavier hurt hobby hospital j / d?/ jeep jacket jump jan. july june k /k/ kite cake thank kangaroo speak take walk work lake like l 1. 2. n 1. 2. /n/ no know new hand /?/ thank think thing uncl

8、e swing /l/ leg left ruler flag lamp longer relax play /l/ apple bowl tell old tail whale m /m/ am map my mouth milk p /p/ map jeep pig pen apple plant play potato please policeman q /kw/ quite quilt quick r /r/ red radio brother rain read run rabbit write mirror library s 1. 2. /s/ sit miss this sa

9、lty books spring swim sleep sometimes grass /z/ nose those rose rulers season t /t/ it sit not that table little tired take left fruit but plant v /v/ five very seven village live w /w/ we window watch want wait water wednesday winter with x /ks/ box six fox relax 精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - -

10、 - - - - 第 2 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - -y 1. 2. 3. /ai /my fly why bye / j / yes yellow young yesterday / i /happy baby very windy snowy study z / z / zoo zero 三、常见字母组合（一）元音组合ai /ei/ wait paint ay /ei/ may play day say air / ? / air hair chair al /?:/ tall small ball ar / : / farther farm car armea /i

11、:/ meat please tea read /e/ head bread ready /i?/ theater ear / i ? / ear hear near / ?/ bear /?:/ earth ee /i:/ meet see bee feet jeep eir / ?/ their er /?/ worker teacher /?:/ her ere /i?/ here / ?/ where there ew /ju: / new few /u: / flew grew ight /ai / right high bright ir /?: / bird girl shirt

12、 thirty oa /?u/ boat coat ong /o?/ long songoo /u/ book foot good /u:/ moon balloon or /?:/ short fork port /?: / word world work oor /?:/ door floor ore /?:/ more store sore ou /au/ out house mouth our /?:/ four your /au?/ our ow /?u/ bowl window /au/ now cow flower oy /oi/ boy toy ur /?: / turn （二

13、）辅音组合th / / thank mouth / / this that with tr /tr/ tree train truckdr /dr/ dress driver sh / / shirt wash shortch /t / child chair catch / k / school christmas / d / sandwich tw /tw/ two twin twenty wh /w/ white wheel what /h/ who whose whom ts /ts/ jackets kites ds /dz/ birds friends （三）特殊组合tion /

14、n/ question nation四、单词重音（word stress）英语单词分为单音节词，双音节词和多音节词。含有一个元音音素的字母组合叫做一个音节，由一个音节构成的词叫做单音节词，如bedb?d,dadd?d. 由两个音节构成的词叫双音节词，如funny f?n? ，famous fem?s 精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - -由两个以上音节构成的单词叫多音节词，如delicious d ?l?s 英语单词如果有一个以上的音节则有重读音节和非重读音节，由符号“ ” 表示，如ab

15、out ? baut。有的多音节词有两个重音，一个是主重音，一个是次重音，或两个都是主重音，次重音用符号 “ ，” 表示，标在次重音的左下方。如anybody ?n?,b d?。双音节的重音一般落在第一个音节上，多音节的重音通常为倒数第三个音节，如documentary ,d kj?m?nt?r?， grandfather gr?nd,f e?。四句子重音（sentence stress ）一个句子中，实词（名词，实义动词，数词，形容词，副词等）重读；虚词（冠词，介词）不重读。英语音标练习题一、口语练习（一）读出下列单词：1. /i:/ /i/ /e/ /?/ /bit/ /wi:k/ /di

16、:l/ /ri?l/ /kid/ /dig/ /kwik/ /tip/ /zip/ /rid/ /wil/ bit week deal real kid dig quick tip zip rid will /p?k/ /g?p/ /tr? ?/ /n?g/ /r?m/ /b?tl/ /sed/ / h?pi/ / setl/ /di pend/ pack gap trash nag ram battle said happy settle depend 2. /a:/ / ?:/ / ? / /u:/ /u/ /ma:sk/ /pa:st/ /fra:ns/ /st?:m/ /n?:t/ /

17、f?ks/ /s?k/ /fa:/ /la:d? / /ma:k/ mask past france storm naught fox sock far large mark / ?t/ /pr?mis/ /lu:s/ /tuk/ /mud/ / ru:/ /pul/ /wud/ thought promise loose took mood through pull wood 3. /?/ /?/ /?/ /d?l/ / h?ri/ /g?lf/ / tr?bl/ /?:n/ /s?:f/ / t?:n?/ / beg?/ /t?k/ dull hurry gulf trouble earn

18、 surf turner begger tuck /k?:b/ /?:k/ /? merik / / s?k?/ / k?mp?/ /s? vei/ /p? veid/ /p? h?ps/ curb irk america soccer camper survey pervade perhaps 4. /ei/ /?u/ /ai/ /au/ /?i/ /keip/ /greit/ /mein/ /pr?p?uz/ / m?u?n/ /st?un/ / ?uv?/ /sait/ kape great main propose motion stone over sight /raim/ /dau

19、t/ / taipist/ /aust/ /m ?ist/ / ?ist?/ rhyme doubt typist oust moist oyster 5. /i?/ /?/ /u?/ /vi?/ /?f?/ /d?/ /sk?/ /bu?n/ /gu?d/ / ru?r?l/ /? pi?/ /k?l?mbi?/ veer affair dare scare bourn gourd rural appear colombia 6. / / /e/m ?n / / i:f/ /e?t/ /e?n/ /fei / /t? gee?/ / ?k/ /e?m selvz/ month thief t

20、hat than faith together thank themselves （二） 、绕口令：1. a tidy tiger tied a tie tighter to tidy her tiny tail. 2. a mad man says that amanda has captured a fat panda. 精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - -3. if you notice this notice, you will notice that this notice is not worth noticing. 4. a big black bug bit a big black bear, made the big black bear bleed blood. 5. if two witches watched two watches, which witc