间接引语总结

1、间接引语总结一、概述引用或转述别人说的话时有两种方法：直接引述别人的原话，这叫做直接引语（direct speech）。用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语（indirect speech）。一般地讲，直接引语前后要加引号，间接引语不用引号，而 用宾语从句来表达。m busy.'布菜克先生说:我很忙”。（直接引语）.布菜克先生说他很忙。（宾语从句是间接引语），除将直接引语改为宾语从句之外，还须对直接引语中的人称和时态I改成了 he, am则改成了 was。现将由直接引语改为间接引语时应Mr. Black said,Mr. Black said that he was busy从上例看来，

2、直接引语改为间接引语时进行相应的变化，如上例直接引语中的注意的问题，分述如下：二、直接引语是陈述句时直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导（that在口语中常省去），that从句之前用say、tell等动词，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。1、人称的变化（如:I，me，my， mine，we，us，直接引语改为间接引语人称要相应的变化，把直接引语中的第一人称（you，your，yours）变为和主句的间 ）相一致的人称。直接引语中的第 them）变为间接引语时，人称不变。our，ours）变为与主句的主语相一致的人称。把直接引语中的第二人称

3、接宾语（即听话人，如无听话人，可根据上下文的体会人为确定一个人称 三人称（he，him， his， she， her，hers,it， its,they,their ， theirs，He said , I like it very much. 他说：我非常喜欢它”。tHe said that he liked it very much. 他说他非常喜欢它。（I 改为 he, it 不变） He said, You" told me this story.他说”你给我讲过这个故事。”him that story.他说我给他讲过那个故事。（You改为I, me改为him, told改为

4、He said thatI had toldhad told) He said to me,She'"sleft her book in your room "他对我说：她把书放在你的房间里去了。she had left her book in my room.他对我说她把书放在我的房间里去了。（She' Tsheher 不变，your tmy）时态的变化主句的谓语动词是一般过去时He told me thathad,如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变间接引语 时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化。直接 引语改为间接引语时，动词时态相应变化表：H

5、e said, I usually watch TV on Sunday. 他说： 我常 在星期天看电视”。tHe said that he usually watched TV on Sunday.他说 他常在星期天看电视。He said, m usIing the knife.他说： 我正在用小刀。 tHe said that he was using the knife. 他说他正在用小刀。直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时（不变）一般将来时过去将来时一般将来进行时过去将来进行时一般将来完成时过去将来完成时

6、She said, havenot heard from him since May. 她说： 自从五月份来我就没有收到他的来信。 t She said that she had not heard from him since May. 她说自从五月份以来她就没收到他的来信。 He said， I came to help you. 他说： 我来帮助你。”tHe said that he had come to help me.他说他来帮助我。He said,hadll finishedmy homework before supper. 他说： 晚饭前我己做完了作业。t He said t

7、hat he had finished his homework before supper.他说晚饭前他己做完了作业。Zhou Lan said,ll do" lit after class.周兰说： 下课后我就去做。”tZhou Lan said that she would do it after class.周兰说下课后她就去做。He said, shall be doing my homework then. 他说： 那时我将正在做作业。 ” t He said that he should be doing his homework then. 他说那时他将正在做作业。H

8、e said, "shoe have finished the work by that time. 他说：”我们将在那时以前完成工作。 t He said that they should have finished the work by that time. 他说他们将在那时以前完成工作。注意：直接引语如果是客观真理、名人名言、与一个具体的过去时间连用说明客观事实时，变为间接引语 时，时态不变。The teacher said, The earth is round. 老师说：地球是圆的。”tThe teacher said that the earth is round.老师

9、说地球是圆的。He said, was born in Shangdong in 1965. 他说："我 1965 年生于山东。”tHe said that he was born in Shangdong in 1965. 他说他 1965 年生于山东。He said, Columbus discovered America in 1492. 他说”哥伦布在 1492 年发现了美洲。”tHe said Columbus discovered America in 1492.他说哥伦布在 1492 年发现了美洲。(2)主句的谓语动词是现在时或将来时如果主句的谓语动词是现在时或将来时，

10、直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一律不变He says,finishedthe work.他说：我做完工作了。”He says that he finished the work. 他说他做完工作了。He will say, I havewateredthe flowers.他会说：我己经浇花了。”He will say he has watered the flowers. 他会说他己经浇花了。3、指示代词、时间状语和地点状语的相应变化见下表:直接引语指示代词this/thesenowtoday tonightthis week (month) 时间状语yesterdaylast week (m

11、onth) two weeks (month)ago tomorrownext week (month ) 地点状语herecome动词间接引语that/thosethenthat daythat nightthat week (month ) the day beforethe week (month )before two weeks (months)before the next daythe next week (month )theregotakebringHe said,I met Mr. Smlittis morning.他说 我今天早晨见到史密斯了He said that he

12、 had met Mr. Smith that morning. 他说他那天早晨见到史密斯了。He said, We went to the cinema yesterday . ” 他说： 我们昨天去电影院了。”tHe said they had gone to the cinema the day before . 他说前一天他们去电影院了。Lily said, I will come back next month . ”莉莉说：我下个月回来。”tLily said that she would go back the next month .莉莉说她下一个月就回去。He said, “

13、It is nine o'clackw .他说：现在九点了。 ”tHe said that it was nine o'clock then .他说那时九点了。He said, I haven't seen her today .'他说：今天我没见到她。”t He said that he hadn't seen her t hat day .他说那天他没有见到她。She said, “I went thyesterdav .她说：昨天我去了那儿。”t She said that she had gone there the day before.她说前

14、一天她去了那儿。She said, “I'll go thtomorrow .'她说： 明天我将去那儿。”t She said that she would go there the next day .她说第二天她将去那儿。He said, “ My sister wase three days ago .'他说： 三天前我妹妹在这儿。 ”tHe said that his sister had been there three days before .他说三天前他妹妹在那儿。 (here tthere; agotbefore)She said,“ Icwttle here this evening.她说： 今晚我将来这儿。”tShe said that she would go there that evening.她说那晚她将去那儿。(cometgo ； here tthere ； thistthat)以上这些变化，要根据说话的具体时间和具体地点的情况而定，不可机械照搬。如果就在当地转述，here就不必改为there, come 也不必改为go,如果就在当天转述，yesterday或tomorrow 等时间状语也不必改变。直接引语中的一般过去时如与一个具体的过去时间状语连用，间接引语的一般过去时时态不变。Father said, I am&quo