江苏高考考纲词汇精讲--形容词和副词

1、形容词和副词、形容词able adj.有能力的；能干的 拓展：be able to do sth.能够做某事 absent adj.不在的，缺席的；心不在焉的拓展：be absent from 不在；自缺席听说他昨天闹情绪，没来上班。fve heard that he was absent from work yesterday because hewas in low spirits.accustomed adj.适应了的，习惯的拓展：be/get accustomed to习惯于（to为介词）商店里的商品琳琅满目，让我们眼花缭乱。we are not accustomed to seein

2、g so many kinds of goods in the shop.acid adj.酸的拓展：acid rain酸雨afraid adj.害怕的；担心的（不置于名词前）拓展：be afraid of 害怕既然我们还年轻，就不应该太害怕犯错误。since we9re still young, we should91 be too much afraid of making mistakes.be afraid to do 不敢做pm afraid (that). 恐怕恐怕你对于将来的想法有些目光短浅吧。pm afraid that your idea about the future i

3、s somewhat short-sighted all adj.所有的拓展：all over到处；浑身in all 总共not at all别客气；一点也不above all 最重要的是after all毕竟，终究，归根结底angry adj.发怒的，生气的 拓展：be angry at/to do/that 对生气这对夫妇对导游很生气，因为他们不停地索要小费。the couple was very angry at the tour guide because he kept asking them for tips.anxious adj.焦虑的；急切的，渴望的拓展：be anxious

4、 about 担忧人生可贵，不要为日常琐事而忧心忡忡。life is precious, so dorft be anxious about everyday things.be anxious for/to do/that 渴望学生们急于知道期末考试成绩。the students are anxious to know the result of the finalexamination. the students are anxious for the result of the final examinatio n.ashamed adj.惭愧的，羞耻的；难为情的（不置于名词前） 拓展：

5、be ashamed of/to do/that 对感到羞愧他为自己食言而感到羞愧不已。he felt much ashamed of breaking his promise available adj.可得到的；可利用的；有空的 拓展：sth. be available to sb.某物对某人来说可得到 显而易见，这个国家的人每时每刻都可以喝到新鲜牛奶。obviously, fresh milk is available to the people in the country at any moment.aware adj.意识到的 拓展：be （fully/well） aware of

6、/that/wh-（充分）意识到他的话表明他充分意识到了不努力学习的后果。his words showed that he was fully aware of the consequence of not studying hard.我们必须意识到中国正在国际事务中起着越来越重要的作 用。we must be aware that china is playing a more and more important role in international affairs.我想你不是很清楚这对我有多重要。i don，t think you are fully aware (of) how

7、much this means to me.bad adj. (worse, worst)坏的拓展：be bad for对有害每一种药物都有副作用，对健康可能造成损坏every drug has some side effects which may be bad for one's health.best adj.最好的拓展：do/try one's best to do 竭力全力的做at best至多；充其量也不过make the best/most of 最有效利用better adj./adv.更好的(地) 拓展：had better (not) do 最好(不)做 你

8、最好不要玩火，会伤到自己的。you，d better not play with fire, or you may hurt yourself.big adj. (-gg-)大的拓展：big game (象、狮子等)大猎物born adj.出生的；天生的拓展：be born in 生于be born with 生来具有be born equal生来平等他天生记性好，能过目不忘。he was bom with a good memory,and will never forget whatever he has seen only once.brief adj.简短的拓展：in brief简言之

9、busy adj.忙的，繁忙的拓展：be busy with sth. /be busy doing it 于不要打扰james,他正忙于学校音乐会的操练。 don% disturb james, as he is busy practicing for the school concer 匸 dortt disturb james,as he is busy with the practice for the school concert.capable adj.有能力的；能干的拓展：be capable of doing sth.有能力做某事作为班上的尖子生，她有能力解答这些数学题。as

10、a top student in the class, she is capable of working out these maths problems.careful adj.小心的；仔细的拓展：be careful about 注意be careful not to do. 注意不要小心点，别从车上摔下来，你猜刚学会骑车。be careful not to fall off the bike, as you5 ve just learned to ride, careless adj.粗心的；疏忽的拓展：be careless about 对粗心casual adj.偶然的；随便的；不

11、经意的，漫不经心的 拓展：casual clothes 便装centigrade adj 摄氏的拓展：ten degrees centigrade 10 摄氏度（10°c）certain adj.确实的；有把握的；某个（用a，相当于some）, 某些拓展：be certain of/that/wh- 确信，对有把握be certain to do 一定会it is certain that. 是确实的（此句型不可用sure）大量砍伐树木肯定会扰乱生态平衡。it，s certain that cutting down trees in large numbers will upset

12、the balance of nature（dcutting down trees in large numbers is certain to upset the balance of natureclassical adj.古典的拓展:classical music 古典 音乐common adj.共同的；常见的；一般的，普通的 拓展：have a lot/nothing in common有很多/没有共同之处 幸运的是，我们有许多共同之处，很谈得来。fortunately, we had a lot in common and got along very wellcommon sens

13、e 常识 common knowledge众所周 知的事confident adj.有信心的，自信的拓展：be confident of/that确信，对有信心给我印象最深的是中国人民对未来满怀信心。what has impressed me most is that the chinese people are very confident of their future.conscious adj.意识到的；有知觉的拓展：be conscious of/that 意识到david没有意识到已经冒犯她了。 david wasn，t conscious of having offended h

14、e匚 david wasn't conscious that he had offended her.considerate adj.体谅他人的；考虑周到的拓展：be considerate of sb.对某人体贴，为某人着想 convenient adj方便的拓展:if (it is) convenient (to/for you)如果你方便的话crazy adj.疯狂的；狂热的拓展：be crazy about 狂热于curious adj.好奇的；奇怪的拓展：be curious about对感到好奇第一次到纽约的时候，我对所见所闻都感到好奇。the first time i v

15、isited new york, i was curious about what i saw and heard.daily adj.每日的，日常的拓展：in ones daily life在日常生活中dependent adj.依靠的，依赖的；视而定的拓展：be dependent on依靠；取决于凡是想要生存的人都要依靠社会。whoever wants to survive must be dependent on society. desperate adj.不顾一切的；绝望的；很渴望的 拓展：be desperate for/to do 很渴望determined adj.决意的；坚

16、定的，坚决的拓展：be determined to do = determine to do 下决心'做 她下决心不惜任何代价不让父母失望。she is determined not to let her parents down at any cost, domestic adj国内的；家庭的；驯养的拓展:domestic animals 家 畜downtown adj.商业区（的），市中心（的）拓展：in the downtown a® 在商业区，在市中心due adj.应得的，应给的；到期的拓展：due to （介）由于（可作状语、定语、表语） 因为有着强烈的求生欲望，

17、她在这次空难中幸存下来了。due to her strong will to live, she survived the air crash, eager adj.热切的，渴望的 拓展：be eager for sth.渴望某物他厌倦了喧嚣的城市，而渴望一种宁静的乡村生活。he was tired of the noisy city and was eager for a quiet country life.be eager （for sb.） to do 渴望（某人）做不仅年轻人爱好这项运动，许多中年人也跃跃欲试。not only do the young enjoy the sport

18、, but also many middle-aged people are eager to have a try.economical adj.经济的，节约的；（人）节约的 拓展：economical car经济型车，廉价实用的汽车 elder adj.年龄较大的（old的比较级，通常置于名词前，不 与than连用）拓展:elder/older brother 哥哥young brother 弟弟electric adj.电的；电动的拓展：electric light/fan 电灯/电风扇elementary adj.初级的；基本的拓展：elementary/primary school

19、小学enough adj./adv.足够的（地）（修饰形容词、副词时置于其 后）拓展：enough （for sb.） to do 足够（某人）做 这房子给我们三个人住足够大的了，而且离地铁站近便。the house is big enough for us three to live in,and it is convenient to the subway station.far from enough 远远不够more than enough 太多，过多； 十二分地strangely enough 说来奇怪equal adj.相等的；平等的拓展：be equal to（in）（在方面）与

20、相等他在技巧和经验上都与我旗鼓相当，谁都可能夺冠。he is equal to me in skill and experience,so either of us is likely to win the championship.equal.in. 在上与匹敌很少有轿车能够在速度和舒适度上与这个品牌的轿车相比。few cars can equal this brand of cars in speed and comfortequal pay for equal work 同 工同酬every adj.永久的；持久的拓展:every other day=every second day=e

21、very two days每隔一天；每两天exact adj.确切的；精确的拓展：to be exact= exactly speaking 确切的说familiar adj.熟悉的拓展：sb. be familiar with sth. = sth. be familiar to sb.某人熟悉某物列表上的学校名字都是学生们所熟悉的。the student are familiar with all the names of the schools on the list.龙井茶不仅在国内享有盛誉，许多外国人也熟悉它。longjing tea not only enjoy a high re

22、putation at home but is familiar to many foreigners.famous adj.著名的拓展：be famous for因而闻名夏威夷以其风光优美而闻名于世。hawaii is famous for its beautiful scenery in the worldbe famous as 作为而闻名他作为一个杰出的科学家而闻名，但他却淡泊名利。he is famous as an outstanding scientist, but he isn，t interested in fame and wealthbe famous to 对来说闻名全

23、世界的篮球迷都知道巨人姚明。the giant, yaoming, is famous to the basketball fans all over the world.far adj.远(比较级、最高级有两种：father, farthest 一般用 于表是距离；further, furthest 般用于表程度) 拓展：be far (away) from 远离他们的新房子离学校很远。their new house is far from the school.far from 远非你谈到的那个女演员不是一个著名的电影明星。fromthe actress you talked of is

24、far from a famous film star; 他在演讲比赛中的表现远不令人满意。his performance in the speech competition is far satisfactory as far as 远达；与一样远so far到目前为止（一般与现在完成时连用）by far远为（加强比较级、最高级） carry. too far 使太过分few adj.少数的，不多的 拓展：a few几个，一些only a few仅少数，只有几个quite a few相当多,不少no few than 多达 （=as many as） fierce adj.凶猛的；猛烈的；激

25、烈的 拓展：fierce competition激烈的竞争 firm adj.坚定的；坚固的 拓展：firmly believe that.=hold a firm belief that坚信 flat adj.平的；平坦的公寓 拓展：flat tyre泄气的轮胎 folk adj民间的n.人们拓展：folk music/song民乐/民歌 following adj.下列的；接着的 拓展：in the following years = in the years that follow/followed 在接下来的几年内fond adj.喜爱的拓展：be fond of喜欢，爱好他在业余时间

26、喜欢上网与人聊天。he is fond of chatting on the internet in his spare time, frank adj.坦白的拓展：to be frank (with you)坦白说free adj.免费的；自由的拓展：for free免费地，无偿地free from/ of摆脱的，没有的许多市民亲睐地铁，因为它不会发生交通拥堵。many citizens favor the underground because it is free from the traffic jamfrozen adj.冰冻的拓展：frozen duck冻鸭full adj.充满的

27、；吃饱的拓展：be full of充满我喜欢读名家的文章，这些文章充满了人类的智慧。i like reading essays by famous people, which are full of man，s wisdom.golden adj.金色的；黄金般的；绝好的 拓展：golden opportunity绝好的机会 good adj.好的拓展：be good/poor at擅长/不擅长 男士一般不擅长购物时和店主讨价还价。men are generally not good at bargaining with shopkeepers when shopping.in good ti

28、me 及时地grateful adj.（表示）感激的拓展：be grateful to sb. for因某事对某人表示感激 我们非常感谢老师为我们提供了许多好书。we are very grateful to our teacher for providing us with many good books guilty adj.有罪的，有过错的；内疚的 拓展：be guilty of犯罪或过错彼得知道自己说谎不对。peter knew that he was guilty of lying, feel guilty about 对感到内疚不要老是为那件事感到内疚，那不是你的错。dortt b

29、e always feeling guilty about it, for it is not your fault, healthy adj.健康的拓展：keep/remain/stay healthy 二 maintain health 保持健康 helpful adj.有帮助的拓展：be helpful to 对有帮助(to为介词)积极的沟通有助于缩小家长和孩子之间的代沟。positive communication is helpful to narrowing the generation gap between parents and children.historic adj.具

30、有历史意义的拓展：historic novel历史小说honest adj.诚实的；正直的拓展：to be honest (with you)老实说，坦白说 humble adj.(地位等)低下的，卑贱的；谦恭的 拓展：in my humble opinion 依本人之拙见 ignorant adj.无知的，孤陋寡闻的；不知道 拓展：be ignorant of/that 不知道我对学生所谈论的电子产品一无所知，我发现自己落伍了。being ignorant of the electronic products the students are talking about, i find my

31、self left behindimpossible adj.不可能的拓展：it is impossible that/(for sb.) to do 不可能如果你忽视句型，你的翻译水平就不可能提高。it is impossible for you to improve your translation level if you ignore the sentence pattern.inferior adj.较差的；地位较低的，下级的拓展：be inferior to. （in.）（在方面）劣于来自农村的学生不必感到比大城市的学生低一筹。the students from the count

32、ryside needn't feel inferior to those from big erested adj.感兴趣的拓展:be/become interested in 对感兴趣入大学以后，他对科幻小说很感兴趣。after entering university, he became interested in science fictio n.keen adj.入迷的；渴望的；敏锐的拓展：be keen on 热衷于他热衷于读书是因为读书能给他带来知识与快乐。he is keen on reading because reading can bring

33、him knowledge and happinessbe keen to do sth.渴望做某事last adj.最近的；最后的拓展：last but not least最后但并不是最不重要的一点（用 以叙述最后的理由）the last.but one/two 侄u数第二/三late adj.迟的，晚的；已故的拓展：be late for class/school/work 上课/上学/上班迟到late in the fall 深秋better late than never.（谚语）迟做总比不做好。 left adj左边的 拓展：on one9s left/right在某人的左面/右面

34、less adj/adv.较少；较不 拓展：less than少于no less than 多达；简直not less than 不少于，至少not less.than 与样likely adj.很可能拓展：it's likely that.= sth. /sb. be likely to do 很可能只有勇敢面对挑战的人才有可能成功。 only those who face the challenges bravely are likely to succeed it is likely that only those who face the challenges bravely

35、will succeedlive a”.现场直播的；活着的拓展：broadcast.live 现场直播local adj.当地的拓展：the local people/customs 当地人/风俗 long adj长的拓展：no longer 不再人们高兴的是，苏州河不再是以前的样子了。 to peopled delight, the suzhou river is no longer what it used to be. to peopled delight, the suzhou river is not what it used to be any longer.so/as long

36、as 只要只要有梦想，你就可能找到自己的舞台。as long as you have a dream, you may find a stage of your own. before long不久以后 long before很久以前loyal adj.忠诚的；忠心耿耿的拓展:be loyal to 对忠诚那个士兵对祖国十分忠诚，经受住了时间的考验。the soldier was very loyal to his motherland, which stood the test of timemental adj.精神的；心理的；智力的；脑力的拓展:mental work 脑力工作menta

37、l power 智力more adj.更多的拓展：more and more 越来越（多）more than超过；不仅仅；非常 what，s more 此外，而且much adj.许多拓展：as much as多达;如那种程度native adj.本土的；本国的 拓展：native language本国语或本民族语 native speaker说本国语或本民族语的人 go native入乡随俗necessary adj.必要的，必需的；必然的 拓展：讦(it is) necessary 如有必要not necessary 未必'看中的鞋子不一定耐穿good-looking shoes

38、do not necessarily last long. next adj.下一个；隔壁的 拓展：next to与相邻；仅次于nuclear adj.核的；核能的 拓展：nuclear weapon 核武器 obvious adj.明显的，显然的 拓展：it is obvious that.显而易见(obviously)显而易见，他不愿意按吩咐去做。it is obvious that he is unwilling to do as he is asked to. old adj.年老的；岁的；旧的拓展：the old/aged老年人(“the+形容词”表示一类人或 物)the young

39、 年轻人young and old 二 old and young 老老少少open adj.开着的；开放的拓展：in the open （air） 在户外；在野外outer adj.外面的，外部的拓展：outer space外太空（不加冠词）owing adj.欠着的，未付的拓展：owing to由于（作状语）由于油价上涨，更多的人使用公共交通工具。owing to the rising oil price,more people are using public transport.own adj. 自己的拓展:one9s own.=.of one9s own 某人自 己白勺on one，

40、s own 单独；靠自己pale adj.（脸色）苍白的拓展：turn pale脸色发白，面如土色particular adj.特别的，特殊的；讲究的，挑剔的拓展：be particular about 对挑剔经理对他的工作如此挑剔，他只得辞职。the manager was so particular about his work that he had to quit his jobpatient adj.耐心的拓展：be patient with sb.对某人有耐心 peculiar adj.奇怪的；特有的 拓展：be peculiar to 是特有的这种烹饪风格是这个国家西南部特有的。

41、this style of cooking is peculiar to the southwest of the country. pleased adj.高兴的；满意的拓展：be pleased with对感到满意be pleased to do sth.高兴做某事 be pleased about sth.对某事感到满意popular adj.受欢迎的；大众的，流行的，通俗的 拓展：be popular with/among 受欢迎中国制造的鞋子价廉物美，深受当地顾客的欢迎。shoes made in china are cheap but good, so they are very

42、popular with the local customers.possible adj.可能的拓展：it is possible that/ (for sb.) to do 可能你今晚能来参加我的生日聚会吗？is it possible for you to attend my birthday party this evening? private adj.私人的；私下的，秘密的 拓展：in private私下里，秘密地 proud adj.骄傲的，自豪的拓展：be proud of为而感到骄傲、自豪她儿子成了一名飞行员，为此她感到自豪。her son became a pilot, w

43、hich she was proud of. qualified adj.有资格的，胜任的拓展：be qualified for/to do /as 有资格做，胜任这份工作要求太高，没几个人能胜任。the job is so demanding that few people are qualified for it. 才在法国待了一周，你没有资格像专家一样谈论它。having stayed in france for only one week, you are not qualified to talk about it as an expert.quick adj.快速的；机敏的，脑子反

44、应快的 拓展：have a quick mind脑筋灵活rather adv.相当（一般表示贬义；可加强比较级） 拓展：rather than 而不是rather too+形容词 稍微一点ready adj.准备好的；乐意的拓展：be/get ready for/to do 为做好准备机遇和成功往往青睐有准备的人。opportunities and success usually favor those who are ready for them.get., .ready.准备好开会前，秘书准备好了所有的相关资料。the secretary got all the related mater

45、ials ready before the meeting.be ready to do 乐意做每个人都应面带微笑、乐于助人。everyone should learn to wear a smile and be ready to help others regardless adj.毫不在意的，毫不顾及的拓展：regardless of不管，不顾家长不该孩子要什么就买什么，而不管花费如何。parents shouldn't buy children whatever they want, regardless of the cost.reluctant adj.不情愿的；勉强的拓展

46、：be reluctant to do.不情愿地做在火车站，他们含泪依依惜别。at the railway station, they were reluctant to part with tears in their eyes resistant adj.有抵抗力的拓展：be resistant to对有抵抗力的这种墙纸是防潮的。this kind of wallpaper is resistant to wall, responsible adj.负责任的 拓展：be responsible for对负责任作为一个成年人，你应该对你的言行负责。as an adult, you shoul

47、d be responsible for what you say and do. same adj.相同的，同样的 拓展:the same as 于一样 我的上衣颜色与我同事的一样。the color of my coat is the same as the of my colleagueat the same time 与此同时all the time仍然，还是；完全一样second adj第二的拓展：in the second place = after this = and then 第二，其次（用于叙述理由，等于second, secondly） be second only to

48、 仅次于据说，印度在高科技方面仅次于美国。it，s said that india is second only to america in high technology.be second to none 不亚于任何人或物secret adj.秘密的拓展：keep sth. secret from sb.保守某事的秘密，不让某人 知道这事我们绝不能让别人知道。we must keep it secret from anyone else.senior adj.年长的；（地位等）较高的n.年长者；上司， 资历深者，前辈；（大学或中学）四年级学生拓展：be senior to 比年长我姐姐比我

49、大三岁。my sister is three years senior to me 他是大学里的一位资深教授。he is a senior professor in the college.辨析：freshman大学一年级新生sophomore 大学二年级学生junior大学三年级学生senior大学四年级学sensitive adj.敏感的拓展：be sensitive to 对敏感的serious adj.严重的；严肃的；认真的 拓展：take sth. seriously认真看待某事物 short adj.短的，矮的；缺少的，短缺的 拓展：be short of缺乏由于受伤的人不断增加，

50、医院严重缺血。as the number of the injured was increasing, the hospital was severely short of bloodfall short of 缺乏；未达到in short 简 言之，总之similar adj.类似的拓展：be similar to.(in.)(在方面)与相似你的数码相机与我的功能相似，但我的相对便宜。your digital camera is similar to mine in function, but mine is relatively cheaper.single adj.单个的；单身的；单人用

51、的；（车票等）单程的 拓展：not a single.连一个也没有令人难以置信的是，他的作文中连一个拼写错误也没有。it，s unbelievable that there is not a single spelling mistake in his compositio n.single/double room单人房/双人房small adj.小的拓展：in a small way 小规模的small charge 零钱small talk 闲聊social adj.社会的拓展：social security 社会保险soft adj.柔软的；轻声的拓展：soft drink不含酒精的；软

52、饮料solar adj.太阳的拓展：solar energy = the surfs energy 太卩日能solar system 太阳系sore adj.痛的；痛苦的拓sore throat嗓子痛sorry adj.抱歉的；难过的；遗憾的拓展：be sorry for/to do/that因感到抱歉、难过、遗憾实在对不起，在过去的几个月里给你添了不少麻烦。i am terribly sorry for having given you a lot of trouble in the past several months.我们遗憾地通知你，你的申请被拒绝了。we，re sorry to i

53、nform you that your application has been rejected.south adj.南方（的）拓展：down south往南边；在南方south of 在以南这家人在南方度过了寒假。the family spent their winter vacation down south非洲在欧洲以南。africa is south of europespare adj.空闲的；多余的，备用的拓展：in one，s spare time在某人空余时间里special adj.特殊的；专门的拓展：special price 特价specialized adj.特殊的；

54、专门的拓展：specialize in专门研究；专门从事spiritual adj.精神上的拓展：spiritual/material wealth 精神/物质财富 spiritual food 精神食粮strict adj.严格的；严谨的拓展：be strict with sb.对某人要求严格be strict in sth.对某事要求严格三十年的教学生涯中，她一直严于律己。during her thirty year9s teaching career, she was always strict with herself.公司对产品质量的要求很严格。the company is very

55、 strict in the quality of the products, strong adj.强壮的；强大的；有力的拓展：be strong in = be good at 在方面很擅长successful adj.成功的拓展：be successful in 在上成功be successful and famous 功名成就such adj.这样的，那样的，如此的拓展：such as诸如之类such. as诸如之类的我从没见过像他一样滑稽的人。never have i seen such a funny person as him.such. as to do 如此以至于such.

56、that 如此以至于 她是一个热心肠的人，把大量的业余时间花在了志愿者的工 作上。 she is such a warm-hearted person that she devotes much of her spare time to the volunteer work. such a warm-hearted person is she that she devotes much of her spare time to the volunteer worksudden adj.突然的,意外的 拓展：all of a sudden 突然地suitable adj.适合的拓展：be suitable for 适合这些玩具不适合这么小的婴儿玩，你最好将它们收起来。these toys are not suitable for so little a baby, so you，d better put them away.superior adj