定语从句中关系副词的用法-5页

1、定语从句中关系副词的用法关系副词，顾名思义，是联系先行词和定语从句的词，属于副词。定语从句中的关系副词有三个：when, where和why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。其句法结构如下：  表时间的名词 + when + 定语从句  when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。 例句：I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.      Ill never forget the day when I joined the army.  表

2、地点的名词 + where + 定语从句  where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。例句：The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.      This is the house where I lived two years ago.  表原因的名词reason + why + 定语从句(why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。)例句：That is the reason why I did the job.

3、(在现代英语中why可以省略)  上句也可以这样表示：      That is the reason I did the job. 又如：     This was the reason (why )we raised the temperature.关系副词在定语从句中的用法看似简单，以下注意点不可忽视：1）“when”、“where”和“why”的运用取就于表时间的名词、表地点的名词和表原因的名词reason在定语从句中所作的成分，比较下面的几组句子：*I will never

4、forget the day when I first met you on the seashore.*I will never forget the days which/that we spent together in Xueyao Middle School.*This is the hospital where my mother works.*This is the hospital which/that we visited the day before yesterday.*The reason why he did not go to school is that he w

5、as ill.*This is the reason which/that he gave his boss in the office .2) “when”、“where”和“why”都可以替换成“介词 + which”，介词的选用取就于先行词和定语从句中的动词。例如：Do you still remember the day on which we first met in Nantong?(on which=when)This is the room in which we lived last year.(in which=where)Do you know the reason fo

6、r which he refused to go to Marys birthday party. (for which=why)有时定语从句中介词短语和动词有意义紧密的修饰关系，尤其在非限制性定语从句中，常使用“介词 + which”结构，而不使用关系副词。例如：My mother works in a factory, in front of which there is a small river.At night the soldiers got to a small hill, at the foot of which stood a farmhouse.3) 关系副词“when”、

7、“where”既可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句。  例如：I will always remember the day when I first visited the Great Wall.      He came to Shanghai in 1980, when he was only 12.      I dont know the exact spot where they will meet.      M

8、r Wang will fly to Beijing, where he will stay for three months.有时关系副词“when”、“where”引导的限制性定语从句和先行词有间隔的现象，是为了平衡句子的语法需要。  Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace?  The days are gone forever when the Chinese people used “foreign oi

9、l.”.4) “that”可活用为关系副词，相当于“when, where、why”和“介词 + which”结构，尤其在“the time when”等结构中的“when”常被“that”代替，而且“that”往往省略。 I may leave here any time I want to. During the time I was there I visited him twice. This is my second time I have come to your country.5) “which”有时可用作关系形容词，这是“which”在非限制性定

10、语从句中的特殊使用，如：The doctor advised him to give up smoking, which advice he did not follow. 定语从句专项练习1This is the place_ John was born?    Awhich  Bwhere  C. when  Dthat2.  He is the only person _ I want to talk to.    A. that   B. which

11、0;  C. who   D. whose 3Is this problem _the teacher explained last week?  A the one  Bthat  Cwhich Done4The high building _ stand four policemen is the police station  Awhich    Bthat  Cin front of it   D. in front of which5My mother w

12、ill give Mary a model plane_ she will like to play  Awhich    Bthat  Cfor which    Dwith which6The film brought the hours back to me_ I was taken good care of in that far away village.   Auntil  Bthat  C when Dwhere7There are times_ I

13、wonder why I do this job  Aas  Bwhile  Cwhich  Dwhen8After living in London for thirty years，Mr Smith returned to the small town_ he grew up as a child      Awhich  Bwhere  C that  Dwhen9They had a long talk about the persons and things_ th

14、ey both knew  Awhom  Bwhat  C. that  Dwhich10That is the very book_ I am looking for.   Athat  Bwhich  Cwhat  Das11Who is the scientist_ is going to give us a talk on space this Sunday?    Athat  Bwho  C. which  Dwhom12I don&

15、#39;t like the way_ you speak to your teacher          A  Bin that  C. which  Dof which13Could you tell me when to get the book_ I want to read?    Awhat  Bwho  C  Dit14The days_ we spent in Tokyo together will neve

16、r be forgotten.    A. when  Bwhich  Cwho  Don which15A pen friend of mine_ I often receive letters asked me for some Chinese coins.  Awho    Bwhom   Cto who    Dfrom  whom16. Don't forget the day_ you were admitted t

17、o Beijing University.  Awhen    Bthat  Cat which   D. where17Perhaps this is the only shop_ you can get such cheap goods.  A. that    Bof which    Cby which    Dwhere18I can still remember the place_  my brothe

18、r and I used to sit in the evening.   Awhich  Bwhat  C .that  Dwhere 19_ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.   A. Which    B. When      C. What    D. As20All _ is needed is a supply of oi

19、l.   A. the thing  B. what  C. that   D. which21He was seriously ill when he was a child, _ made him lose his sight.  A. as   B. that   C. which    D. it  22In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ he could turn for

20、help.  A. that    B. to whom   C. who     D. from whom 23He told the same story _ I told.  A. that    B. which    C. as    D. it24The best work is that _ Tom has done.  A. it    B.

21、 which    C. when    D. where25. The first thing _ we should do is to water the flowers in front of the room.  A. which     B. as     C. what   D. that 26. Any girls _ knew him were teachers.  A. where 

22、60; B. that   C. they    D. whom 27. The house fell and hurt a woman and her dog _ were just passing by.  A. which   B. as    C. that    D. who28That is the hotel _ we stayed last year.  A. in that   B. in which

23、0;  C. why   D. at which29. This is the reason _ we made Mr Li headmaster of our school.  A. where   B. when   C. before   D. why30. The student who does well in his lesson is the monitor _ is very modest and studies hard.  A. who   B.

24、 that    C. as    D. which     答案与简析：      1B. 先行词是地点，关系副词在定语从句中作状语。    2.  A. 先行词被the only, the very, the last等修饰时，关系代词常用that。3A. 缺少先行词，故选A, 作宾语的关系代词省略。    4D介词+关系代词引导定语从句。   

25、; 5D. play with 是一个固定结构，故选with which。    6C先行词为时间名词hours，在定语从句中作状语。    7D先行词为时间名词times，在定语从句中作状语。    8B先行词为地点名词，在定语从句从中作状语。    9C先行词包含人和物，关系代词只能用that。    10A. 先行词被the very修饰，关系代词只能用that。    11A. Who引导的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句关系代词只能用that , 以免重复。    12A. way为先行词时，关系代词用that或in which或不填。    13C关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，指物，可以用that或which或不填。    14Bspent是及物动词，关系代词which作其宾语。    15Drec