中考技巧点拨2015

1、 集团教学管理部中考解题技巧与复习策略 预读很重要TF预读要做好2点：1. 预判材料大意，谈论的话题2. 审视题干中的可能与原文不同的地方，并做标记 2012学年长宁二模学年长宁二模 19. Several other parks in Britain and other countries have already been open. 红色部分值得怀疑 听力原文 Another one will also be built in this country in the near future, while several others are expected to open in the

2、 UK and other countries.听力篇 22. In the parks, people can play the Angry Birds game both indoors and outdoors. 红色部分值得怀疑 听力原文 There is also an Angry Birds game that can be played outdoors in the park.听力填空预读做好2点：1. 预判材料大意，谈论的话题2. 预判空格的词性与词形，并做标记 2012学年长宁二模学年长宁二模24. These days, parents are_ about their

3、kids a lot more than before. 可能为adj，doing，done听力原文 However, it seems that these days were worrying about our kids a lot more than we used to. 初选很重要 若录音放两遍，要全力听懂第一遍，同时一边听一边初选答案，第二遍主要用来补漏和检查。语法选择解题技巧1. 迅速准确 判断考点2. 解题依据要明确3. 语法正确 含义也要通顺语法篇技巧一技巧一: :迅速准确迅速准确 判断考点判断考点名词单复数闵行二模（第闵行二模（第33题）题） 33. You can se

4、e quite a few _ in the Carrefour supermarket nearby. A. fruitB. fishC. sugarD. food长宁二模（第长宁二模（第34题）题） 34. My daughter only ate a little _ and some milk for breakfast this morning. A. milkB. breadC. noodleD. cookies【解析】考点都为名词单复数，闵行33题，根据a few判断答案为B；长宁34题考点根据a little修饰不可数名词，同时参照ate，判断选B。通过浏览选项，猜测、判断出考

5、点可以提高在题干中搜索解题依据的速度和准确度。技巧一技巧一: :迅速准确迅速准确 判断考点判断考点被动语态虹口二模（第虹口二模（第48题）题） ( ) 48. To his parents joy, Jack _ a job as a manger in a bank yesterday. A) is offeredB) was offeredC) offeredD) would offer【解析】通过浏览选项迅速判断考点为动词，且因为AB选项为被动语态，考点很可能是被动语态，立即审视题干中主语和动词的关系，并结合yesterday，答案为B。 考动词时态的题目通常不会设置包含被动语态的选项。

6、 单选题中被动语态失分往往不是因为不懂被动语态的构成，而是没有意识到被动的含义。因此预先判断出被动语态考点对解题很有帮助。技巧一技巧一: :迅速准确迅速准确 判断考点判断考点动词时态长宁二模（第长宁二模（第40题）题）40. My cousin _ to the Oriental Pearl TV Tower three times by last month. A. has beenB. has goneC. had beenD. had gone 【解析】通过浏览选项很容易判断考点为动词时态和have been to 与have gone to 的区别，立即到题干中寻找解题依据，根据by

7、last month 和three times判断选C。技巧一技巧一: :迅速准确迅速准确 判断考点判断考点非谓语动词长宁二模（第长宁二模（第43题）题）43. Yesterday the teacher warned the students _out to play because of the heavy smog. A. goB. to goC. not goD. not to go【解析】浏览选项，BD包含非谓语to go，判断本题是非谓语动词考点，根据谓语动词warned判断，应分别选D。 非谓语动词考点的判断特征也很明显，选项中包含do/to do/ doing三种非谓语动词形式

8、，而动词时态语态考点的题目一般不包含to do和doing选项。技巧一技巧一: :迅速准确迅速准确 判断考点判断考点常见的考点分类：一、词法 冠词，人称代词，不定代词，数词，名词，系表结构，形容词副词的原级、比较级、最高级，并列句连词，复合句连词、非谓语动词、情态动词二、句法 时态，语态，感叹句，反义疑问句，宾语从句，特殊疑问句，主谓一致技巧一技巧一: :迅速准确迅速准确 判断考点判断考点三、词汇 词汇与词组辨析四、语言功能 语言功能技巧二：解题依据要明确，正确技巧二：解题依据要明确，正确解题依据要明确解题依据要明确徐汇二模（第徐汇二模（第32题）题） 32. Learning from su

9、ccessful people is _ good way to gain wealth and success. A) aB) anC) the D) /【解析】本题属于冠词考点，考察区分特指与泛指。很多同学凭语感得出正确答案A，却说不出原因，考试临场可能会纠结C。考察特指与泛指时，出题老师通常会给出修饰词，如本题中的good way，为非限定性的，因此可以判断为泛指。类似我可以在下列两题中找到作为解题依据的修饰词。长宁二模（第长宁二模（第33题）题）31. The Oxford English Dictionary is _ useful tool for us to learn Engl

10、ish. A. aB. anC. theD. /杨浦二模（第杨浦二模（第31题）题）31. The young man beside the teacher is _ university student. A) theB) /C) anD) a解题依据要正确解题依据要正确黄埔二模（第黄埔二模（第48题）题）48. _ delicious the steak is! A. What B. What a C. How D. What an【解析】部分同学解感叹句靠语感，部分同学会切句子，却不知其所以然。 1. 感叹句原本是个普通的陈述句The steak is delicious. 2. 为了表

11、达感叹语气，把感叹的内容移到了句首，即移到了主语之前。 deliciousdelicious the steak is! 3. 感叹部分，根据词性用what或how引导。How deliciousdelicious the steak is! 解题依据正确，才能应对灵活变化的题目。 静安（青浦）二模（第静安（青浦）二模（第40题）题）40. _ great news it is to visit Thailand this summer holiday! A) WhatB) What a C) What an D) How【解析】方法一：切主谓，is明显是谓语动词，因此it为主语，从it开始全

12、部切除，仅剩great news，因此用what。 方法二：还原陈述句，It is great news great news to visit Thailand this summer holiday!，发现感叹内容为great news，为名词，因此不难得出答案A。 解题依据正确才能确保做一题对一题。技巧三：语法正确技巧三：语法正确 含义也要通顺含义也要通顺闵行二模（第闵行二模（第35题）题）35. The food smelt so _that nobody in the restaurant wanted more. A. delicious B. well C. bad D. bad

13、ly【解析】本题为系动词考点，空格内要用形容词，结合句意不难得出答案为C。 本题难度一般，却体现了出题老师的命题思路：结合句意考察语法。如果同学只关注系动词smelt后用形容词而不理解句意，就可能误选A。 所以每一题都必须在理解句意理解句意的基础上思考语法考点。 九选八九选八 九选八很多同学都注意到判断词性对解题的重要性，可能没有注意到进一步判断词形的价值。长宁二模长宁二模 A. driving B. at all C. why D. quietly E. crowded F. in public G. convenient H. how I. deal with Another point

14、that needs to be made is to _55_ personal space. I think it is very impolite to make calls in small spaces or _56_ rooms. This makes others uncomfortable and forces them to listen to your personal business. Thats _57_ I use my cell phone at least three metres away from other people except in emergen

15、cies.【解析】55题首先能判断词性为动词，然后根据句子结构Another point is to do sth（不定式做表语），判断空格内不仅要填动词，还要填动词原形，选I。 词性转换词性转换2012学年松江区一模（第学年松江区一模（第64题）题）64. Sherry _ the maths problems with her classmates after school. (discussion)【解析】答案为discussed。可能错写discuss或discusses。 词性转换题基本上是送分题。 但括号内的词通常只有几种形式供选择，这容易引诱同学们草率读题，导致失误。 因此解本大

16、题要避免读题过快导致读题不全或理解不清。 句型转换句型转换 句型转换整体难度较低，注意个别易错的地方即可。浦东新区二模（第浦东新区二模（第72题）题）72. Lucy made two comic strips last month. (改为被动语态) Two comic strips _ _ by Lucy last month.普陀二模（第普陀二模（第72题）题）72. They have rebuilt the bridge twice since two years ago. (改为被动语态) The bridge _ _ rebuilt twice since two years a

17、go.【解析】答案分别为were made和has been。 被动语态第二空一般要填实义动词的过去分词，表被动含义，不容易错。而时态和主谓一致通常都体现在be动词上，因此第一空易错。 总结：被动语态当心第一空 句型转换句型转换长宁二模（第长宁二模（第73题）题）73. “Did you make the cake yourself?” Jim asked Alice. (改为复合句) Jim asked Alice_ _ had made the cake herself.闸北二模（第闸北二模（第73题）题）73. Eddie couldnt remember. What happened

18、after the accident? (合并为一句) Eddie couldnt remember _ _ happened after the accident.【解析】答案分别为whether/if she和what had。 宾语从句第一空常见要填引导词，根据句式的不同，较容易在that/whether/特殊疑问词之间做出选择，容易忽略的是第二空的动词时态，或人称变化。 总结：宾语从句等，当心第二空 阅读选择题阅读选择题 阅读选择题中，细节题的解题方法是在文中找到题干的信息，然后在其附近找到和选项相符的内容即可。黄埔二模（第黄埔二模（第77题）题） Brazil is not the

19、richest country in the world, but the government spends huge sums of money on football. It cost more than one billion pounds to prepare for the 1978 World Cup. Thats 10 pounds for every Brazilian man, woman, and child. And many Brazilians dont earn as much as 10 pounds a week. Is it worth it?77. The

20、 government spent _ in preparing for the 1978 World Cup though the country was not rich. A. one billion dollarsB. one million pounds C. one billion poundsD. one million RMB【解析】原文中红色红色部分是根据题干中红色部分找到的信息，蓝蓝色色部分是在其附近找到的与选项符合的内容。答案为C 阅读选择题阅读选择题 总结类题目要注意分析文章结构，在文中寻找总起或总结性的句子，尤其关注开头和结尾。黄埔二模（第黄埔二模（第79题）题） B

21、razil (巴西巴西) is the greatest football nation in the world. There are 100 million Brazilians (巴西人). How many of them are football fans? 100 million! All of them think that they know all about football. This makes life very difficult for the Brazilian team manager. When things go badly for the Brazili

22、an team, the newspaper would demand (要求) that the team manager should leave his job. “If we win, they put me in heaven (天堂),” as a manager once said, “If we lose, they put me in hell (地狱).” 79. The best title of the passage is _. A. Brazilians and FootballB. Brazilians Way of Life C. Football and In

23、comeD. Football and Government【解析】原文中红色红色部分对全文具有很明显的统领作用。答案为A。 阅读选择题阅读选择题 通过语境猜测单词含义的题目值得注意，无论是否认识这个单词，必须从上下文中推测其含义。徐汇二模（第徐汇二模（第74题）题） But then I found that the cost of Dream Schools tuition (学费) was around $ 40,000 an impossible amount! .How could I afford to attend? What good reasons did I have to

24、 go there when three other fine colleges were offering me free tuition? My other choices were also solid schools even if they werent as famous as my first choice.74. In the 6th line, the underlined word solid means “_”. A) strong and hardB) good but not special C) common and cheapD) expensive but fr

25、iendly 阅读选择题阅读选择题【解析】不论原本是否认识划线单词，解题的方法都是到上下文中去理解和推测单词的含义。就本题而言，根据句意“尽管不如我的第一选择著名，但另三个选择也也。”重点体会这个“也”字暗示了“也不错”的含义。因此选择B。 完形填空完形填空 完形填空主要是考察同学们在实际语境中辨析词汇的能力。因此为了做好完形： 第一，文章中找到确切的线索。 黄埔二模（第黄埔二模（第83题）题） Some of these people dont need a nursing home. If they had their own bedroom at home, they would wat

26、ch _81_ or listen to the radio or have themselves busy doing something interesting. 81. A. films B. pets C. televisionD. children【解析】结合watch的常见搭配和文中红色部分的提示，选C。 完形填空完形填空 第二，推敲四个选项之间的差别。 长宁二模（第长宁二模（第80题）题） His mother Beryl sat proudly and watched last night _80_ Christopher was given the Child of Cour

27、age award by his favorite TV star. 80. A. afterB. thoughC. beforeD. as 【解析】四个选项都可作连词，after意为“在之后”，though意为 “尽管”，before意为 “在之前”，as意为“因为”“当”。 根据前后文， “当”的含义较适合，选D。 回答问题回答问题 回答问题解题思路基本与阅读选择题相同。 需要重点关注的是答题语言的规范性。 第一，如果要运用简略回答，答案与问句中重复的内容可省，不重复的不可省。 嘉定二模（第嘉定二模（第93题）题） 95. Where did both the Potters and Do

28、rothy Price live ? _. 【解析】完整回答应为They lived They lived in the village of Milford in Derbyshire.其中加粗部分与问句中加粗部分重复，可以省去，而包括介词in在内的其他内容不可省。 回答问题回答问题 第二，特定的疑问词，尽量运用常见的回答方式。 如：What 名词性单词、词组、句子 How By sth/doing sth Why Because+从句；Because of +名词 表原因 To do sth；For sth/doing sth 表目的 回答问题回答问题 第三，选择疑问句只回答选项，不加Ye

29、s/NO 第四，反义疑问句 黄埔区二模（第黄埔区二模（第95题）题） “Oh no,” said the student, “I am busy with my studies and I am not interested in my room.” “But you only eat rice you dont have money for anything tasty.” 95. The poor student was not interested in his room, was he? _【解析】反义疑问句无论“前肯后否”或是“前否后肯”，都翻译为“是否”，95题为例翻译为“这个穷学

30、生是否是否对他的房间感兴趣”。然后参考原文，如果是则肯定回答；如果否，则否定回答。本题答案为No, he wasnt. 回答问题回答问题 第五，开放性问题并不完全开放，须参考原文主旨或作者观点回答。 浦东新区二模（第浦东新区二模（第98题）题） Appearance is starting to play a bigger role in work places. For example, my 29-year-old brother, who is slim and very tall, gets more job chances than his best friend, who is s

31、horter and heavier, though both of them came from the same college, had the same good marks in their studies. In fact, many South Koreans believe that physical beauty equals happiness. 98. What do you think of true beauty? _. 【解析】I think beauty is great.之类的回答脱离了原文的主旨。可以参考原文红色部分，Beauty is important b

32、ut it doesnt necessarily equal happiness. 首字母填空题首字母填空题 解题之前，最好通读全文，对全文大意有整体理解。 解题时，第一步根据句子结构判断单词可能的词性和词形，遇到长难句时要做好句子结构分解。 第二步通过空格前后文判断考察类型，常见的考察能力有：总结、解释关系、因果关系、转折关系、顺承关系、并列关系等。常见的信号词有because、and、or、but等，句子段落的最前或最后往往也能提示我们它是总起或总结句。部分简单题通过语感或常识或固定搭配即可推测，而 首字母填空题首字母填空题 对待难题，关键是找准信号词，判断考察类型，并据此锁定答案的提示信

33、息所在的位置和范围，推断空格词义。 第三步根据推测到的词性与词义去匹配合适的单词。 首字母填空题首字母填空题分析示例：长宁二模（首字母）长宁二模（首字母） I really like reading and writing short stories. These stories are usually about 6 to 20 pages long which f _ 86 _ on an interesting person, a problem which the person had, and what happened when the person tried to solve

34、the problem. All societies seem to have an oral storytelling tradition in which people met t _ 87 _ to tell each other short stories, and in which parents told their children stories at bedtime. This was certainly true in England, in India, in Kenya, in Mexico and in Japan. Was it true in China too?

35、 In many countries, oral storytelling is still important, but in most countries now, stories are written down and p _ 88 in books. My favorite collection of short stories is a book called The Story Giant by Brian Patten in which a giant knows all the stories in the world e _ 89_ one. If he doesnt fi

36、nd the last story hell die. In the book he gets four children from different parts of the world to tell him stories in the hope that he will find the last story so he can stay a _ 90 and pass the worlds stories on forever. Do you think he finds the last story? 首字母填空题首字母填空题 I also like reading novels

37、. One of my favourite novels is called Life of Pi. It is written by a Canadian called Yann Martel, and is about an Indian boy who spends a long time at sea after a shipwreck (海难) a_91_ with nobody but a tiger. What about you? Do you have a favourite novel? Not many people read plays these days, but

38、many people still enjoy watching them at the theatre or on television. Perhaps the l_92_ popular form of literature (文学) is poetry. This is because many poems are very difficult to understand, and often seem to be written and read by very clever people. I wish I could write poems which anybody can u

39、nderstand.【解析】86空，根据词性判断简单理解，可以猜测此空意为“关注”。此空得分率不高是因为部分同学不熟悉focus这个单词，而不是原文理解猜测有难度。86应填focus。 87空，to tell each other short stories是“people met t _ 87 _ ”的目的，因此可以通过这个“目的”倒推前文意为“聚到一起”。 首字母填空题首字母填空题 88空，空格前的and提示我们and两边为并列结构，所以空格内为动词被动语态，且and连接的动作，前后具有顺承性，所以推理故事被写下来之后，在书中应是被“发表”，printed/published。 89空，根

40、据句意，以及allexcept的常见含义搭配，不难填出except。 90空，空格前有so，提示我们出题老师可能是在考察因果关系。So的前面说的是：如果巨人找不到最后一个故事就会死，所以他让每个孩子给他讲故事，希望听到随后一个故事。所以，听到最后一个故事的结果是他能活下来，stay alive。 首字母填空题首字母填空题 91空，空格所在句子特别长，往往考察学生分解句子结构的能力。 Indian boy who spends a long time （at sea）（ after a shipwreck） a_91_ （with nobody but a tiger），indian boy是主

41、语，spends是谓语，a long time是宾语，所有括号都是状语，为动词spend服务，因此夹在几个状语之间的“a_91_”也是副词作状语修饰spend a long time，再结合with nobody，推测为alone。 92空，空格后一句 “This is because”提示前后是因果关系，答案就在because之后。因为“很多诗令人很难理解”，所以它是最不受欢迎的文学形式。least。 首字母填空题首字母填空题示例2徐汇二模（首字母）徐汇二模（首字母） The written word is one of the most powerful forms of expressi

42、on. Classic literature (经典文学)written many years ago still has the power to educate people. Many people find it difficult to read the classics. In fact, reading the classics can be fun especially as you grow up and d 86 a deeper understanding of the world. Read for enjoyment. Classic literature shoul

43、d be read for enjoyment as well as education. Look for the works by authors you are f 87 with or have heard about through movies or TV. Choose the type of classic literature that you enjoy reading from past experience. Keep a dictionary on hand. Use the Oxford English Dictionary as a reference for t

44、he words you dont know or to find out some certain words that have changed in meaning over time. Start slowly and work on reading 30 minutes a day to get into the h 88 . 首字母填空题首字母填空题 Get to read its biographical information(生平). This is b_89_ it introduces the background of the story and author. To

45、have a better understanding of the story, find out more about the time in which a work has created and the background of its author. Do r_90_ on the Internet. Large numbers of websites, like B, provide information for the study of classical literature. Understand how the story takes place. Classic l

46、iterature is often hard to understand and contains difficult character development. Dont give up r_91_ till you finish the whole story and take notes if necessary. Understand the use of footnotes(脚注) in literature. Classic literature is full of references to social and culture information of the past. Footnotes may be used to expla