年高考英语北京试题及答案

1、2021 年高考英语真题21. look at those clouds. dont worry. it rains,we ll still have a great time.a. even ifb.as thoughc. in cased. if only22. by the time you have finished this book, your meal cold.a. getsb. has gotc. will getd.is getting23. one learns a language by making mistakes and them.a. correctsb. co

2、rrectc.to correctd. correcting24. jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt he could have expressed it differently.a. whyb. howc. thatd. whether25. george said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he .a. wouldn tb. didn tc. hasn td. hadn t26. when deeply absorbed in work,

3、he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping.a. thatb. whichc. whered. when27. with care, one tin will last for six weeks.a. useb. usingc. usedd. to use28. many people have donated that type of blood; however, the blood bank needs .a. someb. lessc. muchd. more29. have you heard about th

4、at fire in the market. yes, fortunately no one .a. hurtb. was hurtc. has hurtd. had been hurt30. our friendship quickly over the weeks that followed.a. had developedb. was developingc. would developd. developed31. at the door before you enter my room, please.a. knockb. knockingc. knockedd. to knock3

5、3. we the difficulty together, but why didn t you tell me.a. should faceb. might facec. could have facedd. must have faced34. do you think this shirt is too tight the shoulders.a. atb. onc. tod. across35. don t handle the vase as if it made of steel.a. isb. werec. has beend. had beeninspiration“ mam

6、a, when i grow up, imgoing to be one of those. ” i said this after seeing thecapital dancing company perform when i was three. it was the first time that my 36 took on a vivid form and acted as something important to start my training. as i grew older and was 37 to more, my interests in the world of

7、 dance 38 varied but that littlegirl s dream of someday becoming a 39 in the company never left me. in the summerof 2005wheni was18, i receivedthe phone call which madethat dream a became a member of the company 41 back to 1925. 40 ; ias i look back on that day now, it surely 42 any sense of reality

8、. i believe i stayed1 / 122021 年高考英语真题in a state of pleasant disbelief 43 i was halfway through rehearsals 排练 on my firstday.i neveractually 44 togetthejob.afterbeingofferedtheposition,i wascompletely 45 . i remember shaking with excitement.though i was absolutely thrilled with the change, it did no

9、t come without its fair share of 46 . through the strict rehearsal period of dancing six days a week, i found it vitalto 47 upthematerialfastwitheverylastbitofconcentration.it is thatextreme 48 to detail 细节 and stress on practice that set us 49 . to then follow those high-energy rehearsals 50 a busy

10、 show schedule of up to five performances a day, idiscovereda new 51of the words“ hardwork. ” whati thoughtweremy physical 52 werepushedmuchfurtherthani thought 53 .i learnedtomakeeachperformance better than the last.today, when i look at the unbelievable company that i have the great 54 of being a

11、part of, not only as a member, but as a dance captain, i see a 55 that has inspired not only generations of little girls but a splendid company that continues to develop and grow-and inspires people every day to follow their dreams.36.a. hobbyb. planc. dreamd. word37.a connectedb. expandedc. exposed

12、d. extended38.a. rarelyb. certainlyc. probablyd. consistently39.a. directorb. trainerc. leaderd. dancer40.a. symbolb. memoryc. truthd. reality41.a. bouncingb. datingc. turningd. tracking42.a. lacksb. addsc. makesd. brings43.a. whileb. sincec. untild. when44.a. caredb. expectedc. askedd. decided45.a.

13、 motivatedb. relaxedc. convincedd. astonished46.a. challengesb. profitsc. advantagesd. adventures47.a. putb. mixc. buildd. pick48.a. attentionb. associationc. attractiond. adaptation49.a. apartb. asidec. offd. back50.a. overb. byc. withd. beyond51.a. functionb. meaningc. expressiond. usage52.a. boun

14、dariesb. problemsc. barriersd. efforts53.a. necessaryb. perfectc. properd. possible54.a. talentb. honorc. potentiald. responsibility55.a. victoryb. trendc. traditiond. desire第三部分：阅读懂得（共两节，40 分）第一节（共15 小题；每道题2 分，共 30 分）阅读以下短文，从每题所给的a 、b 、c、d 四个选项中，选出正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑；a2 / 122021 年高考英语真题the basics of m

15、ath made clearbasic math introduces students to the basic concepts of mathematics, as well as the fundamentals of more tricky areas. these 30 fantastic lectures are designed to providestudents with an understanding of arithmetic and to prepare them for algebra代数 andbeyond.the lessons in basic math c

16、over every basic aspect of arithmetic. they also look intoexponents 指数 , the order of operations, and square roots. in addition to learning how to perform various mathematical operations, students discover why these operations work, how a particular mathematical topic relates to other branches of ma

17、thematics, and how these operations can be used practically.basic math starts from the relatively easier concepts and gradually moves on to the more troublesome ones, so as to allow for steady and sure understanding of the materialby students.thelecturesofferstudentsthechanceto “ makesense ” ofmathe

18、maticalknowledgethatmay haveseemedso frightening.theyalsohelpstudentspreparefor collegemathematicsand overcometheiranxietyaboutthisamazing and completely understandable field of study.by the conclusion of the course, students will have improved their understanding ofbasic math. they will be able to

19、clear away the mystery神奇性 of mathematics and face theirstudieswithmoreconfidencethantheyeverimagined.inaddition,theywill strengthen their ability to accept new and exciting mathematical challenges.professor h. siegel, honored by kentucky educational television as“ the best mathteacherin america, ”i

20、s a devotedteac herandhasa giftforexplainingmathematical concepts in ways that make them seem clear and obvious. from the basic concrete ideasto the more abstract problems, he is master in making math lectures learner-friendlier and less scary.with a phd in mathematics education from georgia state u

21、niversity, dr. siegel teaches mathematics at central arizonacollege. his courses include various make-up classes and a number of lectures for future primary school teachers.if the course fails to provide complete satisfaction to you, you can easily exchange it for any other course that we offer. or

22、you can get your money back.56. what does the course basic math mainly cover.a. algebra.b. college mathematics.c. arithmetic.d. mathematics education.57. what benefits can students expect from basic math.a. stronger imaginative ability.b. additional presentation skills.c. more mathematical confidenc

23、e.d. greater chances of becoming teachers.58. what can we learn about professor h. siegel.a. he is a guest lecturer at kentucky educational television.b. he is to deliver 30 lectures in basic math.c. he works in georgia state university.3 / 122021 年高考英语真题d. he specializes in training teachers.59. wh

24、ere is the passage most likely to have been taken from.a. a news report.b. a book reviewc. a lesson plan.d. an advertisement bpeanuts to thisproudly reading my words, i glanced around the room, only to find my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes. confused, i glanced

25、toward my stone-faced teacher. having no choice, i slowly raised the report i had slaved over, hoping to hide myself.“ what could be causing everyone to act this way.”quickly, i flashed back to the day miss lancelot gave me the task. this was the firstrealtalki receivedin mynewschool.it seemedsimple

26、:goontheinternetandfind information about a man named george washington. since my idea of history came froman ancientteacherin myhomecountry,i had neverheardofthat namebefore.as i searched the name of this fellow, it became evident that there were two people bearingthesamenamewholookedcompletelydiff

27、erent.oneinventedhundredsof usesforpeanuts, while the other led some sort of army across america. i stared at the screen,wonderingwhich one my teacher meant. i called my grandfather for agoldenpieceof advice; flip 掷 a coin. heads the commander, and tails the peanuts guy. ah. tails, my reportwouldbe

28、aboutthegreatmanwhoinventedpeanutbutter,georgewashington carver.weeks later, standing before this unfriendly mass, i was totally lost. oh well, i loweredthe paperand sat down atmy desk,burningto find outwhati had done wrong.as a classmate began his report, it all became clear,“ my report is on georg

29、e washington, the man who started the american revolution.” the whole world became quite. how could iknow that she meant that george washington.obviously,mygradewasawful.heartbrokenbutfearless,i decidedto turnthis around. i talked to miss lancelot, but she insisted: no re-dos; no new grade. i felt t

30、hat the punishment was not justified, and i believed i deserved a second chance. consequently, ithrew myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year. ten months later, thatchance unfolded as i found myself sitting in the headmaster s office with my grandfather, nowhavinganentirelydiffe

31、rentconversation.ismiledandflashedbacktothe embarrassing moment at the beginning of the year as the headmaster informed me of myoption to skip the sixth grade. justice is sweet.60.what did the author s classmates think about his report.a. controversial.b. ridiculous.c. boring.d. puzzling.61. why was

32、 the author confused about the task.a. he was unfamiliar with american history.b. he followed the advice and flipped a coin.c. he forgot his teacher s instruction.4 / 122021 年高考英语真题d. he was new at the school.62. the underlined word“ burning ” in para. 3 parbolby means .a. annoyedb. ashamedc. readyd

33、. eager63. in the end, the author turned things around .a. by redoing his taskb. through his own effortsc. with the help of his grandfatherd. under the guidance of his headmastercdecision-making under stressa new review based on a research shows that acute stress affects the way the brainconsiders t

34、he advantages and disadvantages, causing it to focus on pleasure and ignore the possible negative 负面的 consequences of a decision.theresearchsuggeststhatstressmaychangethewaypeoplemakechoicesin predictable ways.“ stress affects how people learn,” says professor mara mather.“ people learn betterabout

35、positive than negative outcomesunder stress.”for example, two recent studies looked at how people learned to connect images影像 with either rewards or punishments. in one experiment, some of the participants werefirststressedby havingto givea speechanddo difficultmathproblemsin frontof an audience; in

36、 the other, some were stressed by having to keep their hands in ice water. inboth cases, the stressed participants remembered the rewarded material more accuratelyand the punished material less accurately than those who hadngone thrtough the stress.thisphenomenonis likelynotsurprisingto anyonewhohas

37、 triedto resisteating cookies or smoking a cigarette while under stressat those moments, only the pleasure associated with such activities comes to mind. but the findings further suggest that stressmay bring about a double effect. not only are rewarding experiences remembered better, but negative co

38、nsequences are also easily recalled.the research also found that stress appears to affect decision-making differently inmenandwomen.whilebothmenand womentendto focuson rewardsandlesson consequences under stress, their responses to risk turn out to be different.men who had been stressed by the cold-w

39、ater task tended to take more risks in the experiment while women responded in the opposite way. in stressful situations in whichrisk-takingcanpayoffbig,menmaytendto dobetter,whencautionweighsmore, however, women will win.thistendencyto slowdownand becomemorecautiouswhendecisionsarerisky might also

40、help explain why women are less likely to become addicted than men: theymay more often avoid making the risky choices that eventually harden into addiction.64. we can learn from the passage that people under pressure tend to .a. keep rewards better in their memoryb. recall consequences more effortle

41、ssly5 / 122021 年高考英语真题c. make risky decisions more frequentlyd. learn a subject more effectively65. according to the research, stress affects people most probably in their .a. ways of making choicesb. preference for pleasurec. tolerance of punishmentsd. responses to suggestions66. the research has p

42、roved that in a stressful situation, .a. women find it easier to fall into certain habitsb. men have a greater tendency to slow downc. women focus more on outcomesd. men are more likely to take risksdwilderness“ in wilderness荒野 is the preservation of the world.” this is a famous saying from a writer

43、 regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism. the frequency with which it isborrowedmirrorsaheateddebateonenvironmentalprotection:whethertoplace wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved.as john sauven of greenpeace uk points out, there is a strong appeal in images ofthe wild,theunto

44、uched;morethananythingelse,theyspeakof thenaturethatmany peoplevaluemostdearly.theurgeto leavethesubjectof suchimagesuntouchedis strong, and the danger exploitation开发 brings to such landscapes景观 is real. some of thesewildernessesalsoperformfunctionsthathumans need the rainforests, forexample, store

45、carbon in vast quantities. to mr.sauven, these” ecosystem services” far outweigh the gains from exploitation.leelane,a visitingfellowatthehudsoninstitute,takestheopposingview.he acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services, such as water conservation.but that is not, he argues, a reason

46、 to avoid all human presence, or indeed commercialand industrial exploitation. there are ever more people on the earth, and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives, rather than merely struggle for survival. while the ways of using resources have improved, there is still a growing ne

47、ed for raw materials,andsomewildernessescontaintheminabundance.iftheycanbetappedwithout reducing the services those wildernesses provide, the argument goes, there is no furtherreason not to do so. being untouched is not, in itself, a characteristic worth valuing above all others.i look forwards to s

48、eeing these views taken further, and to their being challenged by the other participants. one challenge that suggests itself to me is that both cases need totakeonthequestionofspiritualvaluea littlemoredirectly.andthereisa practical question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm.t

49、his is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings, but also the guidanceofreason.whatpositionwildernessshouldenjoyinthepreservationoftheworld obviously deserves much more serious thinking.67. john sauven holds that .a. many people value nature too much6 / 122021 年高考英语真题b. exploitati

50、on of wildernesses is harmfulc. wildernesses provide humans with necessitiesd. the urge to develop the ecosystem services is strong68. what is the main idea of para. 3.a. the exploitation is necessary for the poor people.b. wildernesses cannot guarantee better use of raw materials.c. useful services

51、 of wildernesses are not the reason for no exploitation.d. all the characteristics concerning the exploitation should be treated equally.69. what is the author s attitude towards this debate.a. objective.b. disapproving.c. sceptical.d. optimistic.70. which of the following shows the structure of the

52、 passage.a. b.c.d.cp: central pointp: pointsp: sub-point次要点 c: conclusion其次节（共 5 小题 ；每道题 2 分，共 10 分）empathylastyear,researchersfromtheuniversityof michiganreportedthat empathy,the ability to understand other people, among college students had dropped sharply over thepast 10 years. 71 today, people s

53、pend more time alone and are less likely to join groups and clubs.jennifer freed, a co-director of a teen program, has another explanation. turn on thetv, and you re showered with news and reality shows full of people fighting, competing, and generally treating one another with no respect. 72 therea

54、regoodreasonsnottofollowthosebadexamples.humansaresocially related by nature. 73 researchers have also found that empathetic teenagers aremorelikelyto havehighself-respect.besides,empathycanbe a curefor loneliness, sadness, anxiety, and fear.empathyisalsoanindicationofa goodleader.infact,freedsays,manytopcompanies report that empathy is one o