初中定语从句公开课导学案

1、英语定语从句一定语从句的懂得：定语概念： 划出以下定语a tall buildingthe book on the deskanything importantthe girl in red假如定语 ，便称为定语从句；i know the girl.the girl is in red.两个简洁句 i know the girlwho is in red.（定语从句）被修饰的词是 ；这个词就称为先行词 ；其中连接两个句子的是 ，称为 关系词 ；关系词在从句中指代先行词，并在从句中充当肯定的成分，观看上句，关系词在从句中充当 ；附：关系词与先行词的关系：关系词和先行词亲密相关，由于关系词用来指代

2、先行词，并且在从句中充当肯定的成分；定语从句中常用的关系词有：关系代词 关系代词在从句中可充当 ， 或 ；关系副词 表示时间 表示地点 表示缘由 关系副词在从句中充当状语；结论：关系词常有三个作用：1、2、 3、 二按关系词种类学习（一）关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词一览表关系词所做成分例句练习一1. this is the man helped me.2. the doctor you are looking for is in the room.5. the building stands near the river is our school.6. this is the book y

3、ou want.7. the room in there is a machine is a workshop.8. this is the boy broke the window.9. the letter i received was from my father.练习二whose 的用法3. do you know the man name is wang y u.4. do you see the house windows are all broken.1. i ve got a cat hair is yellow2. .he is my english teacher . hi

4、s son is our classmate练习三1. the boys whofootball are from the country.a. are playingb is playingc playsd to play2. at last, the man handed everythinghe had stolen to the police.a whichb whatc thatd who3. this is the most interesting journeyi have ever heard of.a. whichb whoc thatd whom4. he is a sin

5、ger whohis own lyrics.a writeb writesc. writingd to write5. this is the boybroke my window.a. whichb whatc whod whom注： that 的用法(1) 只能用 that 而不用 which 作为定语从句的关系代词的情形(a) 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, all等作先行词时，只用that ，不用 which ； is there anything that you want to buy in the shop ？finally, the thief hande

6、d everything that he had stolen to the police. all that is needed is a supply of oil.(b) 先行词有the only, the very, the last, just修饰时，只用that ；this is the very dictionary that i want to buy.这正是我想买的字典；c 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that, 不能用 which ；. he was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人； thi

7、s is the best book that i have ever read.这是我读过的最好的书；(d) 先行词既有人，又有物时；i can remember well the persons and some pictures that i saw in the room.(e) 当主句以there be结构开头时，或关系代词在there be结构中作实义主语，先行项为物there is a seat in the corner that is still free. there are two books on history that are for you.(f) 主句的主语是疑

8、问词who /which时who is the girl that is crying ？ 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？who that break the window should be punished 谁打碎了窗户都要受到惩处(2) 不用 that 的情形(a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时；the necklace, which you gave me as a present, was lost yesterday. tom came back, which made us happy.错the tree, that is four hundred years old, is very f

9、amous here.(b) 介词后不能用；we depend on the land from which we get our food.we depend on the land that/which we get our food from.（二）关系副词引导的定语从句关系词所做成分例句基本用法关系副词起连接主句和从句的作用，又在从句中作状语，when, where 和 why 分别表示时间，地点和缘由；1. when在从句中作时间状语；常用on which, in which, at which, during which等代替；e.g. april the first is the

10、 daywhen people make fun of others.=april the first is the daypeople make fun of others.2. where在从句中作地点状语；常可由in which, on which, at which, on which等取代；e.g. this is the house where he lived two years ago.=this is the househe lived two years ago.3. whywhy 在定语从句中作缘由状语；可用for which 代替； why 不行引导非限定性定语从句，此

11、时可用for which 代替；e.g. this is the reason why he went away.=this is the reason he went away.（二）关系副词常可用“介词 +关系代词 ”的结构改写这里的关系代词只限于which 和 whom ，例如i will never forget the nightwhen i met you for the first time.=i will never forget the night i met you for the first time.this is the house in which i lived

12、two years ago.=this is the house i lived two years ago.we dont know the reasonfor which he suddenly fell ill.=we don t know the reaso_n he suddenly fell ill.留意：并不是全部的介词+关系代词的结构都可用关系副词替代；e.g. i am very impressed by the way in which he works.这里 in which代表的是in the way, 在句中作方式状语；只有当介词 +关系代词结构作表示时间、地点和缘由

13、的状语时，才能相应地用when, where 和 why 代替；（三）如何判定是用关系代词仍是关系副词这本质上取决于关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中充当的成分；前者充当主语、宾语、表语或定语，后者充当状语；试比较下面两组句子：this is the factory that/which produces radios. this is the factory where radios are produced.第一句中划线部分在从句中作 语，故而应选用关系代词：the factory produces radios.而其次句中划线部分在从句中作 语故而应选用关系副词：radios are pro

14、duced in the factory.do you remember the days that we spent together .do you remember the days when we worked together .第一句中关系代词在从句中作宾语：we spent the days together.而其次句中关系副词作时间状语：we worked together during the days.四、判定关系代词与关系副词的方法：1. 用关系代词， 仍是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词；及物动词后面没有宾语，就必需要求用关系代词；而不及物动词就要求用关系副词；判定以

15、下句子的对错（） this is the mountain village where i visited last year.（） i will never forget the days when i spent in the countryside.（） this is the mountain village which i visited last year.（） i'll never forget the days which i spent in the countryside.2. 精确判定先行词在定语从句中的成分主、谓、宾、定、状，也就能正确挑选出关系代词/关系副词；

16、例 1. is this museum you visited a few days age.a. whereb. thatc. on whichd. the one例 2. is this the museum the exhibition was held.a. whereb. thatc. on whichd. the one三使用定语从句需要留意的问题：（1）关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，关系代词常省去；如： the play （ which ） i watched just now had been on twice on channel（2） 当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，

17、who ， that， which 可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词 +which/whom” 结构；如： this is the house that/ which we lived in last year.= this is the house in which we lived last year.please tell me the person who/ whom you borrowed the english novel from.= please tell me from whom you borrowed the english novel.三、跟踪练习（一）用关

18、系代词或关系副词将以下每组两个简洁句合成一个复合句；1. the boy is my younger brother. he was here a minute ago.2. the old man is a professor. he will give us a talk tomorrow.3. beijing hotel is near tian an men square. the foreign visitors live there.4. the woman is here now. you were talking about her.5. this is the hall. w

19、e listened to the report in it the other day.6. the car was going 90 miles an hour. the car just passed us.7. the man was my uncle. the man waved to us.8. i enjoyed reading the book. you gave me the book last week.9. i prefer the subject. the subject is science.10. i spoke to the man. the man is a p

20、rofessor.（二）用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空1. the house we live in is very big.2. the boy is wearing the black jacket is very clever.3. this is the present he gave me for my birthday.4. the man talked to you just now is an engineer.5. he talked about the teachers and schools he had visited.6. there is nothing in th

21、e world can frighten him.7. she wears a gold ring, is very uncommon in our class.8. we visited a factory makes toys for children.9. is this the place your father once lived.10. i ll never forget the days i joined the league.11. he likes to read books are written by foreign writers.12. those want to

22、go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow.13. the professor you are waiting for has come.14. football is a game is liked by most boys.15. we ll go to hear the famous singer we have often talked.16. the season comes after spring is summer.三）单项填空基础挑选1. who is the man was talking to our

23、 english teacher. oh. it s mr. baker, our math teacher.a. heb. thatc. whomd. which2. i hate the people don t help others when they are in trouble.a. whob. whichc. theyd. where3. the foreigner visited our school is from canada.a. whichb. whenc. whod. whom4. george mallory was an english school teache

24、r loved climbing.a. whob. whomc. hed. which5. this is the place i have ever visited.a. thereb. whenc. whered. which6. nobody knows the reason she didn t come to the meeting.a. thatb. whichc. whyd. when7. the moon is a world there is no life.a. thatb. whichc. where d. why8. he has forgotten the day h

25、e arrived.a. when b. wherec. thatd. which9. he still remembers the days he spent with your family.a. whenb. wherec. thatd. on which10. mr. white, car had been stolen, came to the policeman.a. whob. thatc. whosed. which才能提高 :1. can you make the e-mail more beautiful.dear eden,howare you.i have good n

26、ews to tell you. half a year ago, you went back to hawaii and we bought a new flat. we vejust moved into it. it cost us over 1.5 million yuan. and it is on the fifth floor of a tall building. this building lies near the pearl river. the pearl river is called our mother river .i have my own room and

27、i like it. its window face s to the garden. in the garden,t here are so many beautiful and strange plants. i don t know anything about them. how i hope you can come and visit my flat. i mlooking forward to your coming.best wishes. yourslucydear eden,howare you.i have good news totellyou. we vejust m

28、oved intothe newflat1 . we boughtitat the time 2 . andit is on the fifthfloorof a tallbuilding3 .i likemy room 4 .in the garden, there are so many beautifuland strange plants 5 howi hope youcan come and visitmyflat.i mlookingforwardto yourcoming.best wishes. yourslucy四、中考题型1. i ll never forget the d

29、ay i became a middle school student.指导书 p175 单项） a. whereb. whenc. whyd. which2. children listened to happy music pointed to the smiling faces,showing p176 语法挑选） a. whob. whomc. whosed. which3. 完成句子 1 工厂应当建在远离城市的地方；factories should be build in the places cities.(2) 这就是我们常常听说的那个猎人；this is the hunter

30、.家庭作业part 2中考链接1. last summer i went to lu xun s hometown and visited the house he was born.a thatb therec whichd where2. last summer i went to lu xun s hometown and visited the house he was born in.a thatb therec in whichd where3. have you read the book i gave you yesterday.a thatb whenc whered who

31、4. the book cover is blue cost me 20 yuan.a whichb thatc whosed where5. shaolin temple 少林寺 lies in the west of zhengzhou welcomes the visitors both at home and abroad.a whereb whichc whod what*6. australia is the most beautiful country i have ever visited. a whichb thatc whered what7. the only language is easy to learn is the mother tongue.a. whichb. thatc. /d. it8. the factory mr. li used to work was