初中宾语从句讲解及专项练习

1、初中宾语从句讲解 （1）宾语从句的理解：定义：在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。 在及物动词的后面可以接一个名词来充当宾语，如： i know the man.而这时也可以用一个句子来充当宾语，如：  i know that the man is a policeman. 主句 引导词 从句 （2） 宾语从句三要素：1. 连接词； 2. 语序； 3. 时态。一、连接词1. 陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：my teacher said (that) i was a good boy.she doesnt know (that)

2、 she is seriously ill. i am sure (that) he will succeed.1. 当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。如：(1) is jim a good student? i dont knowi dont know if /whether jim is a good student.(2) does kate get up early? do you know?do you know if /whether kate gets up early?注意：只能用whether不用if 的三种情况一般情况下，if 和whe

3、ther可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether： 与or not连用： he asked me whether or not i was coming. let me know whether you can come or not. 在介词之后：it depends on whether it is going to rain. i worry about whether i hurt her feelings 在不定式之前： we havent decided whether to go there. i dont know whether to accept or refuse.3

4、.如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的疑问词引导。这些连接词既有词义又充当句子成份。如：1.what is she doing? can you tell me?can you tell me what she is doing?2.where does she live? do you know?do you know where she lives?2、 语序宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序：主句+引导词+主语+谓语+其他句式连词语序例句陈述句that不变i think that we can be good friends.一般疑问句if/whether改为陈述语序i cant rem

5、ember if i posted the letter.特殊疑问句特殊疑问词改为陈述语序can you tell me what she is doing?注意事项:(1)当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who作主语时，语序不变：whats wrong? whats the matter?whats happening? eg: i dont know whats the matter. can you tell me who is over there? 三、时态1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是任何时态。i dont think (that)

6、 you are right.please tell us where well go fishing tomorrow.do you know when mr. smith moved here?2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：he told me that he was born in beijing in 1992.he said that he would go back to the u.s. soon. 特殊情况：从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，仍用现在时。dad told

7、 us that it is better to do than to say.he told the boy that three and three is six.i was told (that) the sun is much bigger than the moon. 总结回顾 教法：引导学自己进行归纳总结。学法：1、专题特点宾语从句是初中阶段一个很重要的语法点，中考中常以单项选择的最后一题出现 。2、解题技巧一排除法step 1:看语序主语前凡是有动词的一律都是错的,动词包括助动词,情态动词,实意动词,要注意疑问代词是可以直作主语的e.g. i won

8、der who will go there with me.step 2:看时态主要是需要注意当主句是过去的某种时态时,从句也应变成过去的某种时态 step 3:看引导词(语境)看引导词是否符合语境,切忌答非所问 宾语从句练习( )1. well plant trees tomorrow, and i dont know_ tom will come and join us. a. if b. which c. what d. where( )2. i wanted to know _. a. what did s

9、he say b. why does she go to bed late c. why she went to bed late d. why she goes to bed late( )3. do you know _ tomorrow? sorry, i don't know. you may surf the internet. a.whether will it rain b. if it will rain c. whether does it rain( )4. i dont know _ he will come or not. a. if b. whether c.

10、 that d. /( )5. - i dont know if he _ to kates birthday party. - he will go if he _. a. goes, knows b. will go, knowsc. goes, will know d. go, know( )6. i wonder at 8:00 last night? i was watching nba. a.what were you doing b.what did you do c.what you were doing d.what are you doing ( )7. i dont re

11、member the book yesterday. a.where i put b.where did i put c.where will i put d.where i will put ( )8. i dont know . because he has to look after his mother. a.why he is leaving b.why is he leaving c.whether he is leaving d.whether is he leaving( )9. can you tell me ? a.how much is the red sweater b

12、.how much the red sweater is c.whats the price of the red sweater d.how many the red sweater is ( )10. excuse me, could you tell ? yes.go along this street and you will find it on your left. a.where is the museum b.which is the way to the museum c.how far is the museum d.how can i get to the museum(

13、 )11. could you tell me ? at nine oclock, in ten minutes. a.how will he leave b.when he has left c.why he is leaving d.when he will leave ( )12. the woman asked the policeman where . a.the post office is b.was the post office c.is the post office d.the post office was ( )13. could you tell me ? at t

14、he end of july. a.how often he heard from his pen pal b.how soon he will be here c.that he went on vacation d.when you will start your vacation( )14. could you tell me a meeting in guangzhou next week? a.if there was going to be b.if there is going to be c.whether is there going to be d.whether ther

15、e is going to have ( )15. im hungry now.could you please tell me ? sure.follow me, please. a.where theres a good place to have fun b.the way to the post office c.where i can get a dictionary d.where theres a good place to eat( )16. bob, please tell me .in south hill school. a.where will the match be held b.where the match will be held c.when