Module 2 Traffic Jam-Grammar课件

1、Module2 Traffic Jam 语法语法-祈使句祈使句Turn right .Dont go faster than 40 kph.Dont turn left .Dont stop. Dont walk. 祈使句祈使句表示命令表示命令,请求请求,建议建议,劝告或号召的句子叫做祈劝告或号召的句子叫做祈使句。祈使句的主语为使句。祈使句的主语为 you , 通常省略，谓语通常省略，谓语动词使用原形，动词使用原形， 句末用感叹号或句号。句末用感叹号或句号。 1 祈使句的否定式：祈使句的否定式： Dont be nervous ! Dont make any noise in the read

2、ing room. Dont +动词原形动词原形 2 加强祈使句的语气：加强祈使句的语气： Do be patient! Do write back when you receive his letter. Tom, you clean the room. 在谓语前在谓语前+do/主语主语. Dont you be late again next time!3 祈使句表祝愿的方式：祈使句表祝愿的方式：Success to you !Wish you a good journey. May you have a happy marriage. Allow me to propose a toas

3、t to our friendship! 4 含含let 的祈使句：的祈使句： Lets be friends. Let me have a try, will you ? Let him in, please. Let + sb/sth + v/adv.5 不用动词开头的祈使句。不用动词开头的祈使句。 To the airport , taxi! Down with the pens! No smoking ! No parking ! No spitting ! No litter! No admittance except on business!考例：考例：1 English has

4、a large vocabulary, hasnt it? Yes. _ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate. （2004上海）上海） A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D. Known 2 Lose one hour in the morning _ you will be looking for it the rest of the day.（2005北京春）北京春） A. but B. and C. or D. so祈使句考察重点祈使句考察重

5、点一、一、重点考查重点考查“祈使句祈使句 + and / or.”句型句型注意注意: 祈使句表示条件，祈使句表示条件，and后的句子表示结果。后的句子表示结果。 . One more week, _well complete the task.（1999上海）上海） A. or B. and C. then D. so 4. Dress warmly, _ youll catch a cold. A. on the contrary B. instead C. on the other hand D. or else祈使句表示要求，祈使句表示要求，or后的句子表示相反行为引起的结果。后的句子表

6、示相反行为引起的结果。有时为了加强语气有时为了加强语气, or 也可以换成也可以换成or else/otherwise. 在在这两种结构中的前半部分都可以用这两种结构中的前半部分都可以用if引导的条件状语从句引导的条件状语从句替换替换. 1. 考查祈使动词与非谓语动词的功能区别考查祈使动词与非谓语动词的功能区别 What should I do with this passage? _ the main idea of each paragraph. （2005重庆）重庆） A. Finding out B. Found out C. Find out D. To find out二、二、在特

7、定语境中考查对祈使句的识别在特定语境中考查对祈使句的识别注意注意: 掌握祈使动词与非谓语动词的功能区别：祈使动词掌握祈使动词与非谓语动词的功能区别：祈使动词构成祈使句，表示要求做某事或不做某事；而非谓语构成祈使句，表示要求做某事或不做某事；而非谓语动词位于句首时主要用作状语（表示时间、原因、条动词位于句首时主要用作状语（表示时间、原因、条件、目的等），或承接上下文作主语或宾语。件、目的等），或承接上下文作主语或宾语。2. 考查带主语的祈使句考查带主语的祈使句 Sorry, Joe. I didnt mean to. Dont call me “Joe”. Im Mr. Parker to yo

8、u, and _ you forget it! ( NMET2003) A. do B. didnt C. did D. dont注意注意: 克服思维定势，牢记带主语的祈使句的特点：祈克服思维定势，牢记带主语的祈使句的特点：祈使句带主语表示加强语气，或用以指明建议或警告的对使句带主语表示加强语气，或用以指明建议或警告的对象。象。1 Alice, you feed the bird today, _? But I fed it yesterday. (NMET1999) A. do you B. will you C. didnt you D. dont you2 Let us pass, _?

9、 A. shant we B. shall we C. wont we D. will you 3 Wait a minute, _? A. shall you B. will you C do you D. dont you 三、三、考查祈使句的反意疑问句考查祈使句的反意疑问句祈使句的反意疑问句祈使句的反意疑问句: 肯定的祈使句用肯定的祈使句用will you /wont you?. 否否定的祈使句用定的祈使句用 will you?. Lets 开头的祈使句用开头的祈使句用 shall we? . Let us 开头的祈使句用开头的祈使句用will you? Lets not 开头的祈使句用

10、开头的祈使句用 all right/ok?. 四、四、考查祈使句的应答语考查祈使句的应答语 Write to me when you get home. _. (2001北京春北京春) A. I must B. I should C. I will D. I ca Dont forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. _. (NMET1994) A. I dont B. I wont C. I cant D. I havent注意注意:祈使句的应答灵活多样，并无固定模式，应根据英祈使句的应答灵活多样，并无固定模式，应根据英语习惯具体对待。例如，回

11、答语习惯具体对待。例如，回答let型祈使句，常可用型祈使句，常可用All right. / OK. / Yes, lets. / A good idea.等表示赞同等表示赞同,用用Sorry. / Im afraid. 等表示不赞成，请同学们注意积累。等表示不赞成，请同学们注意积累。 课堂巩固练习课堂巩固练习1. Be sure to write to us, _? A. will you B. arent you C. can you D. mustnt you 2. _ blood if you can and many lives will be saved (2001上海春招）上海春招

12、） A. Giving B. Give C. Given D. To give 3. _ at the door before entering please. (2001北京春招）北京春招）A. Knocked B. To knock C. Knocking D. Knock 4. _ some of this juice- perhaps youll like it . (2000北京春招）北京春招）A. Trying B. Try C. To try D. Have tried 5. Its a fine day. Lets go fishing,_?(MET1990)A. wont w

13、e B. will we C. dont we D. shall we6. -Write to me when you get home. -I_.(NMET2001春春,京蒙皖京蒙皖)A. must B. should C. will D. can7. -Dont forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. -_.(NMET1994)A. I dont B. I wont C. I cant D. I havent8. _it with me and Ill see what I can do.(NMET1998) A. When left B

14、. Leaving C. If you leave D. Leave9. Alice, you feed the bird today, _? But I fed it yesterday. A. do you B. will you C. didnt you D. dont you 本题中本题中Alice 并不是句子的主语并不是句子的主语, 而是祈而是祈使句使句, 为了引起对方的注意。为了引起对方的注意。10. _ down the radiothe babys asleep in the next room. A. Turning B. Turned C. Turn D. To turn 祈使句以动词原形开头。祈使句以动词原形开头。11. Youd better not smoke here, _? A. will you B. shall you C. have you D. had you 有有had better 的句子构成反意疑问句的句子构成反意疑问句, 用用had 构成。构成。12. Dont forget to phone me, _? A. do you B.