高中英语-人教版-必修三-第四单元-基础知识点-(笔记版)

1、Unit 4system 系统，体系solar system 太 阳 系 government systems 政府体系interest vt. 使感兴趣常用： Sth. interest Serested adj. 感 兴 趣 的 interesting adj. 令人感兴趣的eg: What he said interested allof us.Weareinterestedintheinteresting story.1. 根据一个普遍接受的理论，宇宙起源于一次大爆炸，这次大爆炸把物质射向四面八学习必备精品知识点前若有 adj 修饰，一般用不定冠词 a/an 。例如： The

2、re is a bigmoon in the sky.Start/beginwith 以开始； tostart/begin with首先 =first of allwide adj.&adv.Wide 做副词表示具体的宽He lay here, withhiseyeswideopen./wideawake.widelyadv.修饰抽象的广泛的 The book is widely read.to do 一般做目的状语，但有时候也可做结果状语， 见课本第一段最后。 Only to do 结果发现常表示意料之外的结果 。例如：She went to the supermarket,only

3、 to find/only to be told thatall the salt had been sold out.2. be to do用法，自己列出。settle 定居；解决；停留，落下；使某人坐在某个位置； 精神的镇静 例如：We finally settled in Jinan.定居Thequestionishardto方。 （背过）a widelyacceptedtheory,the universe started with.throwmatterinalldirections.世界上独一无二的东西， 前面加定冠词the, 例如： the sun,themoon,theeart

4、h,theuniversity,the world. 但是名词Direction 表示 方 向常 和 in,from 搭配。从某个方向用 from, 朝某方向用 in.in all directions 四面八方in the opposite direction 朝相反的方向例如： The woman went to thedirectionfromwhichshecame. 这个女士走向她来的方向。settle/solve.解决The bird settled on the branch.停留在树枝上Myfathersettledhimselfinthe sofa after work. 坐

5、在沙发上Themedicinecanhelptosettle your nerves.镇静神经3.last VI 持续维持 其后的介词 for 经常省略。学习必备精品知识点不同The meeting lasted (for) three hours.4.in time 及时 in time todo/ in time for最终，迟早。相当于sooner orlater ,eventually例如：We werejust in timefor theflight.= We were just in time tocatch the plane.Don tworry. I am sure thi

6、ngswill get better in time.辨析： in time/on time/at atime( 一次，每次 )/at one time( 曾经，一度)/attimes=sometimes( 有时候 )5. atmosphere 大气层，经 常 与 定 冠 词 联 用theatmosphere 气氛，氛围例如：An atmosphere of tension(紧张 )filledJapanaftertheearthquake.Theatmosphereoverdinnerwas warm and friendly.6. As the earth cooled down, .as

7、 在本句中为连词，翻译为：随着。可以和 with 复合结构互换。例如：As time goes by, we are older and older. = With time going by,11. unlike prep. 不像Unlikehisbrother,heisdiligent.不像弟弟，他很勤奋。It is unlike him to be late.迟到可不像他的风格。I dislike eating fish. I like eatingmeat. 我不喜欢吃鱼， 我喜欢吃肉。What is the weather like?天气怎么样？He is likely to com

8、e.= it is likelythat he will come. 他很可能回来。12. be fundamental to对至关重要，基础 fundamental differences 根本的13. make it possible for life to develop 为 make+ 宾语 +宾补的结构 在此 it 形式宾语，不定式为真正的宾语。宾补可以有多种成分充当，但不能加 ing 形式。例如：We made him president.我们选他做总统。We should try our best to makethe room clean.I spoke aloud to ma

9、ke myselfheard.让我自己被听见。The mothermade the boy dohis work all day. 被动 The boywas madeto do his work allday.14. multiply 繁殖，增加，乘例如：Cells multiply by means of cell division.The answer is 30 if you multiply 6 and 5.Your effort will multiply your chance of success.15. call A B 叫 .A是 BThe boy called Jim i

10、s a kind boy.I lived in what you called Greece.16. for the first time 第一次，为介词短语，一般做时间状语。The first time 为连词，连接句子It is /was the first time that sb.have/had done sth.例如：Today, I climbed on the QianfoMount for the first time.I fell in love with the car the firsttime I saw it.It is the first time that I

11、havevisited the city.lay eggs下蛋lie lied-lied 撒谎 lielaylain 躺，位于 laylaid laid 放置，下蛋He laid the books on the shelf.他把书放在书架上了。The hen laysan egg a day.这只母鸡每天下一个蛋。He lied to his mother.他对母亲撒谎了。18. exist学习必备精品知识点不及物动词，不用于被动语态，不用于进行时态。名词： existence/come into existence =come into being 形成，产生例如：Thereexistwa

12、rm-heartedpeople everywhere.We can texist without water.No one knows when the earthcame into existence.19. remain vi&link-v保持，维持，仍然，剩余the remaining money 剩下的蛋糕I am sorry. My work remainsunfinished.After many years, he remainssingle./ he remains a teacher.Theproblemremainstobesolved.It remainsto

13、be see whetherwe can finish it in time.20. spread 伸展；延伸；（消息，火）等蔓延，传播The news spread throughtheschool quickly.The mother spread a cloth onthe table.The fire spread quickly, but allthepeoplewereabletoescape.21. thus adv 相当于 therefore 因此The universitieshaveexpanded,thus allowing morestudentstogetahighe

14、reducation.He forgotto turnon theradioandthusmissedthenews.He knocked out Tom, thusbecoming the champion.22. in ones turn轮到 ./ byturns 轮流 / in turn 依次，轮流 反之，从而 / in return (for)作为回报 例如：Today, I am in my turn on dutyto clean the room.The two brothers lookedaftertheir sick mother by turns.Igavehimsome

15、moneyinreturn for his help.= He helpedme. In return, I gave him somemoney.高考再现：A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics, which_willpromoteitseconomic development.A .in natureB.in returnC.inturnD.in fact23. prevent/keep/stopfrom.阻止。注意 keep 后的 from 不学习必备精品知识点Whetheryouwill stay or no

16、tdepends on you.It/that depends. 看情况吧。高考再现：-How often do you eat out?-_, but usually once aweek. A. I have no idea. B. itdepends.C.asusualD.Generally speaking25. the year to come= thecoming year 在将要到来的一年。 To come做后置定语】mother the thing.29. lessenThe pain is lessening aftertaking the medicine.Thegover

17、nmenttakesmeasures to lessen the impactof the earthquake.30. get/be close(adj.) to 靠近closeadv.具体的近能省，省掉意思就是使一直干 .Shelter/protect from 保护免受 .The heavy snow prevented allof us (from) arriving at schoolon time.The sunglasses can shelter usfrom the sunlight.26. block out 挡住（光线和声音等）；忘记，抹掉Thetall building

18、blockedoutthe sunlight.She wantedto blockout theunhappy experience.27. visit n&v visit sp.stand/sit close(adv.) toclosely抽象的仔细地，严谨地密切地The child examined the animalclosely.31. as as 结构中，若中间为第三人称单数名词需要这样：24. depend on依靠，依赖；取决于When we are old, we have todepend on our children to earnmoney.Pay a visit to sp.Weare goingto paya visitto/visit the USA in the holiday.28. explain sth. to sb.= explain to sb. sth. -explanation(n)You had better explain to youras+adj.+a/an+n+asHe is as kind a boy as you.= He is a boy as kind as you.31. 倍数表达法 ：A + 动词 +倍数 +as as A + 动词 +倍数 + more than .A + 动 词 + 倍 数 +