高中英语第六册(选修)各单元基础语言知识目标

1、学习必备欢迎下载Module 1Small Talk一、题材内容与学习目的本模块讨论生活中的闲谈、聊天 (small talk) 内容，目的是让学生认识不同文化背景中谈话时的交际规则和交谈的基本技巧，提高学生的社会交际能力。二、语言知识目标1词汇（ 1）单词informal adj.serious adj.confidentlyadv.lack v.advanced adj .nod v.yawn v.sigh v.prize n.application n.form n.immigration n.visa n.impolite adj .tidy v.favour n.reception

2、n.embassy n.certain pron.reply n.saleswoman n.firm n.fax n.outspoken adj .motto n.shortcoming n.absence n.systematic adj .coincidence n.customer n.mature adj.awkward adj .tease v.typist n.contradict v.pregnant adj .apology n.cautious adj .acquaintance n.messy adj .divorce n.fool n.clerk n.haircut n.

3、anyhow adv.modest adj.brunch n.anniversary n.hostess errupt v.violate v.function n.psychologist n.successful adj.imagine v.purpose n.circumstance n.apologise v.（ 2）短语small talkmake friends(be) nervous aboutthink ofbody languagelook away fromsocial rulesin additionfind outhuman beingput one s fo

4、ot in one s mouthas a consequencecheer sb. upleave out(be) aware oftake the leadshow off2语法：学习和区别didn t need to do和 needn t have done的用法。这两种结构都表示过去不必做某事，但didn t need to do通常表示“没必要，实际上也没做某事”；而 neednt have done则表示“虽然没必要，但已经做了某事”。例如：I didn t need to get up early this morning, so I stayed in bed until 9

5、:00 a.m.I needn t have got there so early because she didn t come until 10:00.3功能：表达有义务和无义务。例如：You must arrive on time at a party.You have to arrive on time at a party.You mustn t take yellow flowers for the host.You don t have to take yellow flowers for the host.You don t have to take aftgi.You don

6、 t need to take a gift.4话题：社交技巧。学习必备欢迎下载Module 2Fantasy Literature一、题材内容与学习目的本模块的主题是幻想小说，阅读课文节选自著名幻想小说 His Dark Materials 。要求学生掌握相关词汇，培养叙述故事梗概等技能，并提高对中外幻想文学、电影的鉴赏力。二、语言知识目标1词汇（ 1）单词hero n.novel n.behave v.bush n.hesitate v.doubt n.directionn.bite v.arch v.tail n.alarm n.sniff v.edge n.square adj .sh

7、ape n.level adj .bare adj.bend v.dream v.awake adj .marry v.cottage n.punish v.appeal n.cafeteria n.envelope n.literary adj.bond n.output n.schoolchildren n.typewritern.stateswoman n.gifted adj.roots n.flesh n.format n.anecdote n.draft n.burden n.swift adj .stubborn adj.overcome v.adjustment n.autom

8、atic adj .target n.curriculum n.distributev.accumulate v.deposit n.thus adv.attain v.status n.sorrow n.ought v.magical adj .power n.possessv.（ 2）短语play an important part input downhold outcome up toturn awaysweep overkeep one s eyes onfix oncast about(be) laden withlook around forput a spell on(be)

9、associated withappeal to sb.(be) restricted toahead oflook back over one s shouldercatch a glimpse ofset out2语法：动词的-ing 形式作状语（ 1）作时间状语：表示时间，多置于句首，也可置于句末。例如：Walking in the street, I met a friend of mine.Be careful when crossing the road.Don t laugh while eating.Before going abroad, he studied in Peki

10、ng University.After watching TV , he went to bed.On arriving in Beijing, he went to see his uncle.（ 2）作原因状语：表示原因，多置于句首或句末，也可置于句中。例如：Being ill, he didn t go to school.She rang him up, hoping to get his support.The boy, being very polite, was loved by many teachers.（ 3）作条件状语：表示条件，多置于句首。例如：学习必备欢迎下载Work

11、ing hard, you will succeed.（ 4）作让步状语：表示让步，多置于句首。例如：Though working very hard, he couldn t make enough money to pay off his debt.（ 5）作结果状语：表示结果，常置于句末。例如：The boy fell off his bike, breaking his right arm.（ 6）作方式或伴随状语：表示方式或伴随，多置于句末，也可置于句首。例如：He sat at the table, reading a magazine.Laughing and talking,

12、they went into the room.3功能：用一般现在时讲故事。例如：The story is about a girl called Lyra and a boy called Will, and it takes place in several different worlds. In Lyra world,s everyone has a daemon, a creature that is part of them but separate from them at the same time. This daemon can, for example, be a dog

13、 or a bird. Your daemon knows everything you think and is your closest friend. In the story, a group of people invent a machine that can separate a person from his daemon. They try the machine on children.Lyra tries to stop this.4话题：幻想小说，如His Dark Materials和 The Lord of the Rings 等。Module 3Interpers

14、onal RelationshipsFriendship一、题材内容与学习目的本模块题材内容为人际关系、友谊， 并引入了与此有关的词汇。要求学生理解上述内容并掌握有关的词汇，培养学生积极的友谊观及相关的语言技能。二、语言知识目标1词汇（ 1）单词close adj .trust v.chat v.note n.financiallyadv.amount n.fair n.raise v.theft n.swing v.count v.lively adj .quarrel v. &n.regret v.sweets n.alike adj.betray v.considerate ad

15、j .forgivev.loss n.scold v.hurt adj .bungalow n.pine n.worm n.cage n.tiny adj .swell v.walnut n.squirrel n.ripen v.harvest n.slide v.stony adj.spray n.carpenter n.broom n.cigar n.slip v.damp adj .scratch v.heel n.tear v.underwear n.salute n.spy n.perfect adj.acute adj .privilege n.rewind v.predict v

16、.click v.flee v.pace v.couple n.partner n.mention v.bottom n.（ 2）短语burst outknock overlose interest infrom time to timeturn roundraise moneyon the phonemake upkeep in touchlose touch with(be) ashamed of(be) blessed with学习必备欢迎下载(be) allergic to(be) on good terms with(be) nostalgic forall at oncebring

17、to mindin returnbelong tofrom the bottom of one s heart2语法：非谓语动词（ 1）动词的 -ing 形式的完成式：动词的-ing形式的完成式由“having+ 动词的-ed 形式”构成。它表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词之前。例如：Having lost all my old friends, I felt shy and lonely at my new school.That weekend, having thought about the situation for a while, I decided to ask Roy about

18、 thetheft.Having left something in the cloakroom, I went inside to get it.（ 2）动词的 -ing 形式的否定式：动词的 -ing 形式的否定式通常是在 -ing 形式的前面加否定词 not。例如：Not having finished his homework, Jack can （ 3）有些动词既可以跟不定式也可以跟-ing t go out to play.形式作宾语，但意义不同。1） remember to do：记住要做的事；remember doing：记得过去曾经做过的事。例如：Remember to po

19、st the letter before 10.I remember posting the letter.2） forget to do ：忘记做要做的事；forget doing ：忘记了过去曾经做过的事。例如：I forgot to do my homework yesterday.I forgot telling him the news.3） try to do ：试图/ 努力做某事； try doing 试一试 /试着做某事。例如：He tried to write better.If the front door is locked, try knocking at the ba

20、ck door.4） mean to do：打算做某事；mean doing ：意味着做某事。例如：I didn t mean to hurt you.Missing this train means waiting for another two hours.5） regret to do ：对发生的事表示 “抱歉、遗憾 ”； regret doing ：对已经发生的事表示 “后悔”。例如：I regret to tell you that you failed in this exam.I regret telling her the news.6） go on to do ：接着做（另一

21、件事） ； go on doing ：继续做（同一件事） 。例如：After finishing the homework, he went on to write a letter.After a while, he went on working.7）stop doing ：停止做某事；stop to do 停下别的事来做某事。此句型中，stop 是不及物动词，不定式作目的状语。例如：Stop talking. The baby is sleeping.He was very tired and stopped to have a rest.8）在 need, want, require

22、等动词后用 -ing 形式的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动形式。例如：The room needs cleaning. (=The room needs to be cleaned.)Your composition requires improving. (=Your composition requires to be improved.)3功能：谈论人际关系。例如：I ve known her for six years.We first met six years ago. I remember meeting him for the first time.学习必备欢迎下载W

23、e re close friends.We get on very well. We trust each other.We sometimes quarrel.We see each other from time to time.We ve lost touch.We still keep in touch.4话题：谈论人际关系。Module 4Music一、题材内容与学习目的本模块话题是“音乐” ，阅读课文为音乐人物专访，文化角阅读文章介绍了美国的一项音乐奖(the Grammy Awards) 。学生要学会应用新学词汇、句型等基础知识，围绕话题开展听、说、读、写活动，促进学生正确看待音

24、乐的功能，并通过音乐增长知识、丰富生活。二、语言知识目标1词汇（ 1）单词relative erpret v.poetic bine v.rhyme n.passerby erval n.plug v.suite n.session n.shrink v.vacant adj .tap v.mop v.liveliness n.relief n.scene n.symbolic adj.therefore adv.（ 2）短语give concertsfolk song(be) the same withmake contact withcompose mus

25、icbarrel organdance to the musicin addition to2语法：现在完成进行时（ 1）现在完成进行时的用法1）表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作，characteristic n.poetry n.ambition n.regarding prep.pedestrian n.semicircle n.socket an n.saucer n.voluntary adj .lid n.handle n.popcorn n.relay v.relax v.collection n.honour v.present v.(be) true ofgive

26、life toshare feelings and ideas withmaster musicianside roadall of a suddendraw upon这个动作是否继续下去，则由上下文决定。它常与表示一段时间的状语，如：all this time, this week, this month, all night, all the morning,these few days, for , since等连用。例如：Liu Fang has been living in Canada since then.I have been waiting for you here for

27、an hour.He has been doing his homework all this morning.2）表示一直到说话时为止的一段时间内一再重复的动作。例如：I have been meeting her at the library.I have been telling you to be careful for weeks.学习必备欢迎下载（ 2）现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别现在完成进行时和现在完成时都可以表示 “从过去开始一直持续到现在” 这一概念， 有时两者意思差不多，可互相替代。例如：He has taught English for twenty years.He

28、 has been teaching English for twenty years.但在强调动作一直在进行即动作的延续性时， 多用现在完成进行时； 如果强调动作的结果时，则多用现在完成时。例如：He has been reading the book.He has read the book.3功能：表达情感。例如：I think it s wonderful.It s ridiculous!It makes me feel very happy.I always feel so optimistic when I think of summer.I feel really happy w

29、hen I hear it.I adore listening to songs like that.I can t stand listening to songs like tha.4话题：音乐。Module 5Cloning一、题材内容与学习目的本模块的主题是“克隆” ，阅读课文的第一部分介绍小说弗兰肯斯坦的故事梗概，第二部分是小说节选。要求学生掌握相关词汇，培养相关语言技能。二、语言知识目标1词汇（ 1）单词clone v.terrify v.wrinkledadj .wing n.disgust v.murder v.refuse v.breathe v.rush v.fear n.

30、identicaladj.beneficialadj.cure v.imaginary adj.head n.acid adj .bacteria n.tissue n.make-up n.transparent adj .twistingadj.fundamental adj .component n.pea cedure n.insert v.controversial adj .valid adj.optionaladj.contradictory adj .vice n.virtue n.flexibleadj .compulsory adj.regulation n.han

31、dy adj .resist v.sow v.rot n.pest n.analyse v.suspect n.spit v.fingernailn.accompany v.absorb v.arise v.violence n.（ 2）短语burn outcontrast withthrow oneself onmake a soundagain and againby mistaketreat asstem cella sequence of(be) identical torely onas followsknock outget out of control学习必备欢迎下载as far

32、 as we knowbreak downvice versabringback to life2语法：虚拟语气（一）虚拟语气表示所说的话只是一种主观愿望、假想或建议。（ 1）在动词 wish 后的宾语从句中的用法：在动词 wish 后的宾语从句中，表示不可能实现的愿望，谓语动词有以下三种形式：1）表示目前不可能实现的愿望，宾语从句中谓语动词用过去式（ be 动词一般用were）。例如：I wish I knew him.2）表示过去不可能实现的愿望，宾语从句中谓语动词用“ had+ 动词的 -ed 形式 ”。例如：I wish I had not created this creature.

33、3）表示将来不可能实现的愿望，宾语从句中谓语动词用“ would / could + 动词原形 ”。例如：I wish I could fly to the moon one day.（ 2）在 if 引导的非真实条件句中，表示与现在事实相反时，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be 动词一般用were），主句的谓语用“would / could / might +动词原形”的形式。例如：If that happened, it would be terrible.If I were you, I would ask the teacher for advice.If he had time, he c

34、ould go with you.3功能：谈论对现在和过去表示遗憾。例如：I wish I had not created this creature.I wish I were not here.I wish I could fly!I wish I had not done this terrible thing.4话题：克隆及科学伦理。Module 6War and Peace一、题材内容与学习目的通过学习有关诺曼底登陆的文章，讨论“战争与和平”这一话题， 培养学生热爱和平的精神。二、语言知识目标1词汇（ 1）单词abandon v.operation n.survivor n.last

35、 v.occupy v.beach n.troop mander n.eventually adv.heroism n.deep adj.wound v.shocked adj.memorial n.overlook v.condemn v.nationality n.rescue v.afterwards adv.drop v.bomb n.campaign n.station n.chain n.view n.chaos n.senselessadj.courage n.sacrifice n.memorable adj .company n.baggage n.bedding

36、b n.confidential adj .mess n.perfume n.razor n.scissors n.shave v. & n.stockings n.tractor n.yell v.barbershop n.moustache n.wax n.sharpener n.jar n.学习必备欢迎下载carrot n.cheers int.liberation n.constitution n.vinegar n.worthwhile adj.statesman n.encourage v.helmet n.arm v.disagreement n.personnel n.civilian n.（ 2）短语declare war onmake a breakthroughpick upwar memorialto one s astonishment2语法：虚拟语气（二）（ 1）在 if 引导的非真实条件句中，表示与过去事实相反时，条件从句的谓语用“had +动词的 -ed”形式，主句的谓语用“