翻译中文体意识培训课件

1、Chapter 4Style and Translationo Style has been an object of study from ancient times. Aristotle, Cicero and Quintilian treated Style as the proper adornment of thought. 1. What is style?oTheodore Savory:o Style is the essential characteristic of every piece of writing, the outcome of the writers per

2、sonality and his emotions at the moment, and no single paragraph can be put together without revealing in some degree the nature of its author.o两份请帖，一份是比较正式的，用语也比两份请帖，一份是比较正式的，用语也比较严谨。而另一份则是比较随意的，用语较严谨。而另一份则是比较随意的，用语亲切而不拘礼。亲切而不拘礼。1) Will you please honor me by coming to my humble home for a simple m

3、eal this FRIDAY evening? We will be very pleased if you can come at 6 oclock.2) Frank, wed like you and your wife to come over for dinner this Friday evening. Six-thirty at our place. Can you make it2 Is style translatable?o Translating consists in reproducing the closest natural equivalent of the s

4、ource language message in the target language, firstly in terms of meaning, and secondly in terms of style. o Eugene A. Nida风格可译：风格可译：o茅盾译文选集茅盾译文选集序：序：o需将一个作家的风格翻译出来，这当需将一个作家的风格翻译出来，这当然是相当困难的，然是相当困难的，需要运用适合需要运用适合于原作风格的文学语言，把原作的内于原作风格的文学语言，把原作的内容与形式正确无遗地再现出来。除信、容与形式正确无遗地再现出来。除信、达外，还要又文采。这样的翻译既需达外，还要又

5、文采。这样的翻译既需要译者的创造性，而又要完全忠实于要译者的创造性，而又要完全忠实于原作的面貌。这是对文学翻译的最高原作的面貌。这是对文学翻译的最高要求。要求。o周熙良周熙良“翻译与理论翻译与理论”：o有人自诩翻译哪一个作家就能有人自诩翻译哪一个作家就能还出这个作家的面目或风格，我看还出这个作家的面目或风格，我看这只是英雄欺人语；这只是英雄欺人语；.教外国文教外国文学的人最喜欢谈风格，但是，对于学的人最喜欢谈风格，但是，对于一个搞实际翻译的人来说，风格却一个搞实际翻译的人来说，风格却是一个最难谈得清楚的东西。是一个最难谈得清楚的东西。 o1 家父已经仙逝家父已经仙逝/驾鹤乘祥。驾鹤乘祥。o2

6、我敬爱的父亲去世了。我敬爱的父亲去世了。o3 我父亲已经死了。我父亲已经死了。o4 我家的老头子上西天了。我家的老头子上西天了。oMy beloved father has joined the heavenly choir.oMy dear father has passed away.oMy father has died.oMy old man has kicked the bucket.3 Why can stylistics be applied to translation?oIt lies in that both of them have the same aim, that

7、is, how to fulfill social communication with effective linguistic methods. They both put emphasis on the social standard of communicative function; they dont ignore the timeliness and individuality of writing style as well. 4 Lexical Level of Stylistic DevicesoInteraction of Dictionary and Contextua

8、l Meanings;oInteraction of Primary and Derivative Meanings;oInteraction of Logical and Emotive Meanings;oIntensification of a Certain Feature of a Thing or Phenomenon 薄命女偏逢薄命郎薄命女偏逢薄命郎葫芦僧乱判糊涂案葫芦僧乱判糊涂案oThe Bottle-gourd girl meets anunfortunate young manoAnd the Bottle-gourd monk settles aprotracted la

9、wsuitoAn Ill-fated Girl Meets an Ill-fated ManoA Confounded Monk Ends A Confounded CaseoA Dream of Red Mansions怨怨情情美人卷帘珠，美人卷帘珠，深坐颦娥眉。深坐颦娥眉。但见帘珠湿，但见帘珠湿，不知心狠谁。不知心狠谁。A Heart BleedingoThe blinds drawn up, she sinks back into her seat, her brows still knit.oTear stains tell of a heart bleeding for one he

10、artless. But who? o翁显良：古诗英译Waiting in VainoA lady fair uprolls the screen,oWith eyebrows knit she waits in vain.oWet stains of tears can still be seen,oWho, heartless, has caused the pain? o 许渊冲：唐诗三百首许渊冲：唐诗三百首o一个年纪还小的小王，这时一个年纪还小的小王，这时插嘴说：插嘴说：你老伴多大岁数？你老伴多大岁数？o老孙头说：老孙头说：四十九四十九。o小王笑笑说：小王笑笑说：那用不着忙，那用不着忙

11、，还会生的。八十八，还能结还会生的。八十八，还能结瓜呀。瓜呀。 o （周立波暴风骤雨）（周立波暴风骤雨） o“How old is your wife?” chimed a young man whom everybody called Little Wang.o “Forty nine!”o“Then there is no hurry,” Wang pursued with a grin, “She will yet bless you with a offspring. Eighty-eight, not too late!” o（许孟雄 译）o京华烟云里的一封书信oMy dear pa

12、rents:oI have enlisted. What would be the good of a family if there were no country? If every son dear to his parents refuses to go to war, how can China fight Japan? Please do not worry. I shall not come back till we have driven the dwarfs back into the sea.o Your son,o ATUNGo父母大人尊前父母大人尊前,o敬禀者敬禀者,

13、儿已从军儿已从军.o 念及国之不存念及国之不存,何以家为何以家为?若若为人子者皆念父母儿女之私情为人子者皆念父母儿女之私情,中国中国将来如何与日本作战将来如何与日本作战?不驱倭寇于东不驱倭寇于东海海,誓不归来誓不归来.o 儿儿 阿通阿通.5 Syntactical Level of Stylistic Devices oCompositional Patterns of Syntactical Arrangement;oParticular Ways of Combining Parts of the Utterance;oPeculiar Use of Colloquial Construc

14、tions;oTransferred Use of Structural Meaning o1 You are old enough to be more reasonable. Youre old enough, dear Miss Miller, to be talked about.o翻译：你的年纪已经足够达到该通情翻译：你的年纪已经足够达到该通情达理了，密勒小姐，你已经到被人议达理了，密勒小姐，你已经到被人议论的年岁了。论的年岁了。o亲爱的密勒小姐，你年纪不小了，亲爱的密勒小姐，你年纪不小了，该懂点事了。你是个大姑娘了，会该懂点事了。你是个大姑娘了，会有人讲闲话的，你懂吗？有人讲闲话的

15、，你懂吗？o2 July 4, 2002oDear Sirs,oWe have received your letter of July 1. In the special circumstances you mentioned and because of the promptness with which you have always settled with us in the past, we are willing to grant the extension and look forward to receiving your cheque in full settlement

16、by August 31.o Your faithfully.o先生：先生：o七月一日函悉。七月一日函悉。o由于您谈及的特殊情况，以及您方过去由于您谈及的特殊情况，以及您方过去一向能迅速与我方结账，我们同意延期一向能迅速与我方结账，我们同意延期付款，谨希望在付款，谨希望在8月月31日之前受到您方日之前受到您方全部欠款的支票。全部欠款的支票。o 您忠实的您忠实的 （）（）o年月日年月日o。法律条文：世界版权公约第二条第二款：o Unpublished works of nationals of each Contracting State shall enjoy in each other Co

17、ntracting State the same protection as that other State accords to unpublished works of its own nationals, as well as the Protection specially granted by this Convention. 译文：任何成员国国民未出版的作品，译文：任何成员国国民未出版的作品，在其他各成员国中均享有后者给予其国在其他各成员国中均享有后者给予其国民之未出版的作品同等的保护，并享有民之未出版的作品同等的保护，并享有本公约所专门授予的保护本公约所专门授予的保护。 o：I

18、nsurance shall be covered by the Seller against All Risks for 110% of the invoice value.o译文译文1、卖方将以发票金额、卖方将以发票金额110%投保投保一切险。一切险。o译文译文2、卖方应该以发票金额、卖方应该以发票金额110%投投保一切险。保一切险。o译文译文3、卖方须以发票金额、卖方须以发票金额110%投保投保一切险。一切险。o英国散文作家亨特英国散文作家亨特(Leigh Hunt 1784-1859)的的A Few Thoughts on Sleep的最后一小段：的最后一小段：oSleep is most graceful in an infant; soundest, in one who has been tired in the open air; completest, to the seaman