Unit2SectionAGrammarFocus4c

1、section a grammar focus-4cqingtang middle school by mr. zhou.pay attention to these objective clauses.1. i know that the water festival is really fun.2. i wonder if theyll have the races again next year.3. i wonder whether june is a good time to visit hong kong.4. i believe that april is the hottest

2、 month in thailand.pay attention to these exclamatory statements.1. what fun the water festival is!2. how fantastic the dragon boat teams were!3. how pretty the dragon boats were!4. how delicious the food is in hong kong!object clauses with that, if and whether（一）宾语从句（一）宾语从句 一、宾语从句的概念一、宾语从句的概念 在句子中起

3、宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。 we know mr green teaches english. she asked if these answers were right.二、宾语从句三要素二、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）引导词（连接词）语语 序序时时 态态1. i hear (that) _. 2. he said (that) _. 3. the teacher told us (that) _ _. he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves由由that引导的

4、宾语从句引导的宾语从句注：注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不充在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不充当成分，在口语当中往往省略。当成分，在口语当中往往省略。around the sunobject clauses with thatthese plants will produce food and oxygen that we need to live on mars.scientists will develop plants that can grow on mars.people think that humans on mars have to wear special boots

5、to make themselves heavier.we all know that mars is a planet in the solar system.the journey to mars could take only a very short time in space shuttles that travel at half the speed of light.some scientists do not believe that the journey to mars will be very comfortable.which of the following sent

6、ences has an object clause?根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子1. 我认为玛丽不回来了。我认为玛丽不回来了。 i dont think mary _ _.2. 山姆跟我说他准备去上海。山姆跟我说他准备去上海。 sam told me that he _ _ for shanghai.3.我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车。我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车。 i want to know _ there is a train to beijing.willcome was leaving if / whether . if和和wh

7、ether引导宾语从句时，作引导宾语从句时，作“是否是否”讲，一般情况下，二者没有区别，可以换用。讲，一般情况下，二者没有区别，可以换用。但但if常用于口语中，常用于口语中，whether比较正式。如：比较正式。如： millie asked if/whether he liked this sweater. 米莉问他是否喜欢这件羊毛衫。米莉问他是否喜欢这件羊毛衫。 the fisherman wants to know if/whether it will rain. 渔民想知道天是否会下雨。渔民想知道天是否会下雨。object clauses with if and whether由由if

8、 / whether引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句. if和和whether引导宾语从句时，要注意宾语引导宾语从句时，要注意宾语从句三要素，即连词、语序和时态。由于从句三要素，即连词、语序和时态。由于if和和whether连接的是一般疑问句，因此要注意把连接的是一般疑问句，因此要注意把从句语序改为陈述句语序。如：从句语序改为陈述句语序。如： does mr zhao live in room 208? could you tell me? could you tell me if/whether mr zhao lives in room 208? . if和和whether的区别的区别二者在下

9、列几种情况下不能换用：二者在下列几种情况下不能换用：1. 宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用whether，不用，不用if。如：。如： whether this is true or not, i cant say. 这是否对，我不能说。这是否对，我不能说。2. 宾语从句与宾语从句与or not直接连用时，应用直接连用时，应用whether，不能用，不能用if。如：。如： i dont know whether or not he will come tomorrow. 我不知道他明天是否来。我不知道他明天是否来。3. 与动词不定式连用时，只能用与动词不定式连用时

10、，只能用whether。如：。如： she cant decide whether to go to america. 她不能决定是否去美国。她不能决定是否去美国。4. 从句作介词宾语时，只能用从句作介词宾语时，只能用whether。如：。如： i worry about whether i hurt her feeling. 我担心是否伤了她的感情。我担心是否伤了她的感情。5. 宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用if，不能用，不能用whether。如：。如： tom wants to know if he wont come here tomorro

11、w. 汤姆想知道他明天是否不来这儿。汤姆想知道他明天是否不来这儿。6. if意为意为“假如，如果假如，如果”时，可以引导条件状时，可以引导条件状语从句，而语从句，而whether没有这个用法。如：没有这个用法。如： if simon comes here tomorrow, ill call you. 假如西蒙明天来这儿，我将打电话告诉你。假如西蒙明天来这儿，我将打电话告诉你。1. i dont know if mr. wang _on a field trip. if he _ on a field trip tomorrow, please call me. a. goes; will g

12、o b. will go; goes c. will go; will go d. goes; goes 2. she asked me if i knew _. a. whose pen was it b. whose pen it was c. whose pen it is d. whose pen is it bb3. they wondered if the teacher _ us english the next term. a. would teach b. had taught c. will teach d. taughtachoose the right answers.

13、5. i havent decide _ ill go out or stay at home. a. if b. when c. why d. whether6. i want to know _ he loves you. a. that b. what c. if d. whodc4. the boy asked _ any noise from outside. a. whether had i heard b. whether i had heard c. whether have i heard d. whether i have heardbac 7. i wondered _

14、our teacher was going to attend our party. a. whether b. why c. where d. that 8. id like to know _ or not. a. whether will he come b. whether has he come c. whether he will come d. if he will come. 把下列句子改为宾语从句的复合句。把下列句子改为宾语从句的复合句。1. he said, “i have been to america”. he said _ _ _ _ to america.2. is

15、 there a hotel near here? do you know? do you know _ _ _ a hotel near here? that he had been if /whether there is 3. what sport do you like best? could you please tell me? could you please tell me _ _ _ _ _?4. “the earth moves around the sun”, our english teacher told us. our english teacher told us

16、 that the earth _ _ the sun.what sport moves around you like best. 根据汉语意思完成句子。根据汉语意思完成句子。 1. 我想知道你昨晚是怎么回家的。我想知道你昨晚是怎么回家的。 i want to know _ _.2. 王红告诉我昨天早上六点她正在做饭。王红告诉我昨天早上六点她正在做饭。 wang hong told me _ _.how you got home lastnight(that) she wascooking at 6:00 yesterday morning3. 我想知道我能否从你那里得到一些建我想知道我能否

17、从你那里得到一些建议。议。 i wonder _ _.4. 我们地理老师说地球围绕太阳转。我们地理老师说地球围绕太阳转。 our geography teacher said _ _.if / whether i can get some advice from you(that) theearth goes around the sun 用来表达喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈用来表达喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情的句子叫感叹句。感叹句一般用感情的句子叫感叹句。感叹句一般用what或或how引导，句末用感叹号。引导，句末用感叹号。what修饰名词，修饰名词，how修饰形容词或副修饰形容词或副词。词。 （二）感

18、叹句（二）感叹句 what引导的感叹句引导的感叹句:1) what + a/ an + adj. + 可数单数可数单数(+主谓主谓语语)! e.g. what a brave boy (tom is)! what an excellent idea (it is)!2) what + adj. + 可数名词复数可数名词复数(+主谓语主谓语)! e.g. what beautiful pictures (they are)!3) what + adj. + 不可数名词不可数名词(+主谓语主谓语)! e.g. what delicious food (it is)!how引导的感叹句：引导的感叹句

19、：how + adj. / adv. + 主语主语 + 谓语谓语! e.g. how happy the children were! how carefully he is reading! 注意：一般情况下，以注意：一般情况下，以what和和how开头开头的感叹句可以相互转换，转换后意义不的感叹句可以相互转换，转换后意义不变。变。e.g. what a tall building it is! = how tall the building is! . 根据句意选出恰当的一项填空。根据句意选出恰当的一项填空。1. _ (what / what a) delicious chicken we

20、 are having!2. _ (what / how) warm it is in the classroom! 3. _ (what / what a) nice shirt you bought!4. _ (what / how) fast the young man is walking! what how what a how. 将下列句子改为感叹句。将下列句子改为感叹句。1. the girl is very clever. _ _ the girl is!2. it is a wonderful experience. _ _ wonderful experience it i

21、s!3. the wind is blowing strongly. _ _ the wind is blowing!4. the news is exciting. _ _ news it is!5. the sweaters are very nice. _ _ sweaters they are!how cleverwhat a how strongly what excitingwhat nicewrite sentences using the words given. 1. think/ lantern festival/ beautiful i think that the la

22、ntern festival is beautiful.2. dont know/ whether/ he/ come home/ for the festivali dont know whether he will come home for the festival.4a3. believe/ water festival/ most/ fun4. wonder/ if/ mooncakes/ delicious5. how/ exciting/ races6. what/ interesting/ cityhow exciting the races are!what an inter

23、esting city!i wonder if mooncakes are delicious.i believe the water festival is the most fun.read the passage below and underline the objective clauses. if possible, write your own sentences about mothers day and fathers day using objective clause.4bdear xia yu, do you know that there are two specia

24、l days for parents in america?one is mothers day on the second sunday of may, and the other is fathers day on the third sunday of june. on these two days, american children often give gifts to their parents or take them out for lunch or dinner. common gifts are flowers and cards for mothers and shirts or ties for fathers. tie n. 领带（可数）领带（可数） 复数形式：复数形式：tiese.g. i bought a tie for my father yesterday.tie v. 系，捆，与系，捆，与to连用连用e.g. please tie your shoes.i heard that it is becoming more and more popular to celebrate mothers day and fathers day in china. i wonder if child