《杜绝手部伤害》ppt课件

1、 Your hands are your most valuable tools. Nothing has ever been invented that can match them for usefulness and adaptability. Thats why its so important to learn how to protect your hands, both at work and at home. 手的价值无以伦比。从来没有什么比手更有效更灵敏手的价值无以伦比。从来没有什么比手更有效更灵敏的发明。因此，学会上下班如何维护双手，非常重要。的发明。因此，学会上下班如何维

2、护双手，非常重要。 You rely on your hands constantly. Think for a moment what life would be like without one of your fingers. Not a very pleasant thought is it? In this material you will learn 10 rules for hand safety. The rules are listed below日常生活中，我们非常依赖双手。想一下，缺日常生活中，我们非常依赖双手。想一下，缺了一支手指，生活会变成什么样。想想就不温了一支手

3、指，生活会变成什么样。想想就不温馨，是吧馨，是吧? ? 以以下出了手的平安的十条规那么以以下出了手的平安的十条规那么 1.Keep hands away from pinch points and crushing hazards. Inspect materials for slivers, jagged edges, burrs, and rough or slippery surfaces. MATERIAL HANDLING2.Always consider ergonomics of the hands. 3. Use the correct hand tool for the jo

4、b and use it properly. 4. Always wear suitable gloves unless noted on your Work Procedure. Never wear gloves when working around rotating equipment. 5. Remove all jewelry before performing work. 6. Make sure safety guards are in place before you begin any job. 7. Never reach into machinery to repair

5、, oil, or adjust without taking the proper lockout / tag out steps. 8. Clean up with a rag or brush -never uses your fingers or hands. 9. Know the Danger Zones.10. Keep your hands clean. Dont ignore hand injuries. Know the signs of dermatitis and other skin disorders. Get prompt medical attention wh

6、en required. 1. 不要把手放在能够夹到或压到的地方。处置资料，工具和设备前，一定要先检查一下能否 有毛刺、飞边，资料外表能否粗糙、光滑。2. 时辰想到手的生理构造 3. 选用适宜的手开工具，并正确运用 4. 除非在Work Procedure (任务程序) 中有特别注明, 一切作业都要戴适宜的手套。而旋转设备周围作业时那么制止戴手套 5. 作业前摘掉一切能够影响平安的首饰 6. 开场作业前确认机器能否有平安防护安装 7. 没有上锁/ 挂标签之前，制止进展机器的修缮、上油或调试8. 用抹布或刷子擦拭，不要用手指或手。9. 了解危险区域 10. 坚持手的清洁，不要忽视任何能够的损伤。

7、了解皮炎的病症或其它皮肤病 ，必要时立刻就医。 Keep hands away from pinch points and crushing hazards. Inspect materials for slivers, jagged edges, burrs, and rough or slippery surfaces before handling 1 Material Handling Be careful when setting down heavy boxes or other items. Check the width of the doorway before you ve

8、nture through it to be sure your hands will safely fit. Carry loads through doorways and close areas with hands at the top and bottom of the load, not on the sides, if possible. Set drums and cylinders down carefully. Get help if you need it. Tag lines should be used to control all loads. Tag lines

9、must never be wrapped around hands or body.不要把手放在能够夹到或压到的地方。处置资料，工具和设备不要把手放在能够夹到或压到的地方。处置资料，工具和设备前，一定要先检查一下能否有毛刺、飞边，资料外表能否粗糙、前，一定要先检查一下能否有毛刺、飞边，资料外表能否粗糙、光滑光滑 1处置资料处置资料重的箱子或其它资料都要轻拿轻放重的箱子或其它资料都要轻拿轻放 事先检查一下门能否足够宽，过门时能否会伤到手事先检查一下门能否足够宽，过门时能否会伤到手 搬运重物过门或其它狭窄区域时，尽能够将手放在物体的搬运重物过门或其它狭窄区域时，尽能够将手放在物体的底部或上面，不

10、要抱着两边底部或上面，不要抱着两边 放桶或气瓶时千万小心，必要时要找人协助；放桶或气瓶时千万小心，必要时要找人协助；运用牵引线控制好一切重物。运用牵引线控制好一切重物。 牵引线不要缠在手上牵引线不要缠在手上或身上或身上 Pinch points and crushing hazards are everywhere. 夹伤和压伤的危险无处不在夹伤和压伤的危险无处不在 Keep the safety of your hands in mind at all times.头脑中要时辰想着手的平安头脑中要时辰想着手的平安 If you are injured, get first aid treat

11、ment immediately.一但受伤，立刻采取急救措施一但受伤，立刻采取急救措施 Always consider ergonomics of the hands.时辰想到手的生理构造时辰想到手的生理构造Why do we use hand tools?人类为什么要运用手开工具？人类为什么要运用手开工具？ -Hand tools allow us to perform tasks with greater strength and precision than we could do with our bare hands. - 与双手比起来，手开工具能使人们更有效、准确地完成工与双手比起

12、来，手开工具能使人们更有效、准确地完成工 作义务。作义务。 2 Maintaining a neutral posture puts your hand into a position where you have the greatest mechanical advantage. Muscles providing grip strength are located in the forearms. A bent wrist requires more work, reduces strength and puts your hands at risk for chronic injuri

13、es such as tendonitis, tenosynovitis, carpal tunnel syndrome, DeQuervains disease of the thumb, trigger finger, and ganglion cysts. Avoid static positions. Avoid stress concentration over the soft tissues of the hand. Use tools with handles that do not terminate in the palm. Longer handles on pliers

14、 and screwdrivers put the stress beyond the soft tissues of the hand. Reduce grip force. Use padding on hand tools to lessen the force and to increase grip span. Avoid repetitive finger trigger actions. Protect hands from heat and cold. Avoid excessive vibration. Vibration absorbing padding in glove

15、s can help lessen the adverse effects of some tools. When working with vibrating tools, or when the hand is subjected to striking forces, make certain you are using all the protection required. 身体直立，手放在能发扬最大机械优势的位置。提供抓力的肌肉位于前 臂。 手腕弯曲，那么需求做更多功， 力量减小，长期如此，能够会引起腱鞘炎、手腕综合症、手指关节生硬、腱鞘囊肿等慢性病症。 防止长期坚持同一姿态。 防

16、止将压力集中在手的软组织上。 工具手柄的末端不可顶在手掌上。老虎钳和螺丝刀的长手柄能将力量转移到手的软组织之外。 减小相握的力道。 在工具上加一块软垫以减小相握的力道，扩展控制范围 防止手指反复弯曲的动作。 防止烫伤或冻伤。 防止过多的震击。手套中的减震衬垫有助于减小运用工具时的反作用力的影响。假设任务中能够会运用震开工具，或手能够遭到震击，要先确认并采取一切必要的维护 Use the correct hand tool for the job and use it properly 选用适宜的手开工具，并正确运用选用适宜的手开工具，并正确运用 Think about your thumbs

17、for a moment. Although thumbs look a bit like short, stubby fingers, theyre really a lot more important than you might think. Try tying your shoes without the help of your thumb, or unlocking a door. Try starting your car. Your thumb is a useful tool - and with one wrong move you could lose one of t

18、hem. So always use the right tool for the job - one that is in good condition - and use it correctly.想想他的拇指，虽然他们看起来又短又粗，但他们比他想象的要重要得多。想想他的拇指，虽然他们看起来又短又粗，但他们比他想象的要重要得多。 试试不用拇指把鞋带系上，把门翻开，启动车子。拇指是不可或缺的工具试试不用拇指把鞋带系上，把门翻开，启动车子。拇指是不可或缺的工具 且且一不小心，就能够会失去他们。因此，要选用适宜作业的工具，确保工具完好，一不小心，就能够会失去他们。因此，要选用适宜作业的工具，确保

19、工具完好，并按正确的操作方法运用。并按正确的操作方法运用。3Knives are considered a major source of disabling injuries.To avoid injury when using a knife on the job, follow these tips:1. Keep the knife sharp so that you wont have to use as much force to cut with it. This reduces the likelihood that it will slip and injure you.2.

20、 Always cut away from your body, using smooth, even movements. If that is not possible, be sure hands and body are clear.3. Concentrate on what youre doing. Any distractions might cause you to make a wrong move and cut your hand.4. Wear cut resistant gloves, (e.g. *Kevlar) when using knives or handl

21、ing material with sharp edges. A handle guard will prevent your hand from slipping onto the blade.5. Keep the knife in a sheath or retract the blade when its not in use, and store it appropriately with edges guarded when youre finished with it. Never leave knives hidden under rags, paper, among othe

22、r tools in drawers or workboxes.6. In most cases pocketknives are NOT permitted to be used as tools. Know the requirements on your jobsite.7. Consider the use of automatic retracting blade knives.刀是使手致残的一个重要要素。为了在运用刀是使手致残的一个重要要素。为了在运用刀的任务中防止手损伤，运用时请遵照以下刀的任务中防止手损伤，运用时请遵照以下建议：建议：1.刀要锋利，这样切割时就不需求化太大的刀要

23、锋利，这样切割时就不需求化太大的力气。这样可以减小刀滑脱伤人的能够性。力气。这样可以减小刀滑脱伤人的能够性。2. 确保切割时运刀方向远离身体，切割的动确保切割时运刀方向远离身体，切割的动作要干净利落。假设任务条件不允许，也要作要干净利落。假设任务条件不允许，也要确保不会伤到手和身体。确保不会伤到手和身体。3. 集中留意力做手头的任务。留意力不集中集中留意力做手头的任务。留意力不集中，会使作业人员因操作失误而割到手。，会使作业人员因操作失误而割到手。n4.运用刀或搬运有锋利边的资料时，要戴防运用刀或搬运有锋利边的资料时，要戴防切割手套如切割手套如Kevlar手套。好的刀柄可手套。好的刀柄可防止手

24、滑到刀刃上引起的损伤。防止手滑到刀刃上引起的损伤。n5. 不用的刀具要放在刀鞘不用的刀具要放在刀鞘 里或折起来，用里或折起来，用后要放好，刀刃要维护好。制止将刀具藏后要放好，刀刃要维护好。制止将刀具藏在破布、纸张下，或和抽屉或工具箱内的在破布、纸张下，或和抽屉或工具箱内的其它工具混在一同。其它工具混在一同。n6. 通常，袖珍的刀具不允许当作作工具运通常，袖珍的刀具不允许当作作工具运用。运用前要先了解任务现场的详细要求。用。运用前要先了解任务现场的详细要求。n7. 引荐运用刀刃能自动回缩的刀。引荐运用刀刃能自动回缩的刀。ALWAYS wear suitable gloves unless not

25、ed on Work Procedure. Never wear gloves when working around rotating equipment.除非在除非在Work Procedure(任务程序任务程序)上有注明，否那么一切作业必需戴手套。上有注明，否那么一切作业必需戴手套。而旋转设备上作业时那么制止戴手套。而旋转设备上作业时那么制止戴手套。 Gloves are provided to protect you - know which gloves are required for the job and wear them. When you make excuses for

26、 not wearing them, such as, “Why bother? This job will only take a minute, or “Theyre in my locker - I dont have time to get them, you are only asking for an injury. 4手套是用来维护他本人手套是用来维护他本人了解任务所需的手套种类，作业时戴好。了解任务所需的手套种类，作业时戴好。 假设为作业时假设为作业时没有戴手套而找借口，如没有戴手套而找借口，如:“何必费事，一会就做完了。何必费事，一会就做完了。; “放在柜子里了，没有时间去拿

27、。等等，其实他是放在柜子里了，没有时间去拿。等等，其实他是在自找损伤。在自找损伤。 Remove all jewelry that could interfere with your safety before performing any work.作业前要摘掉一切能够影响平安的首饰。作业前要摘掉一切能够影响平安的首饰。 Most people wear rings as a matter of habit and seldom stop to think what could happen. If your ring catches on a moving machine part or

28、on a fixed object when your body is moving rapidly, your finger could be torn off. If you think the ring will come off, think again. Testing has found that it takes 1,670 pounds of pull to break an average ring. This means that its doubtful a ring will break before your finger will. So dont take any

29、 chances - leave your rings and other jewelry at home. 5大多数人都习惯戴戒指，但很少去想戴着戒指作业会发生什么问题。 假设戒指被旋转的机器卡住或当他走得很快时被固定的物体卡住了，那么手指能够会被折断。假设他觉得此时戒指会先脱离，请再仔细想想看。有测试阐明，弄断一普通的戒指所需的拉力为1670磅。这阐明手指断掉之前戒指先断是不大能够的。所以还是不要冒险为好请把戒指和其它首饰放在家里 Make sure safety guards are in place before you begin any job.开场作业前先确认机器能否有平安防护安

30、装。开场作业前先确认机器能否有平安防护安装。 Machine guards have been installed to protect you. When you bypass them, you risk serious injury. Be sure they are in place before you begin your work. Know what guards should be on your tools, their purpose and where they should be placed 6机器的平安防护安装是用来维护作业人员，假设机器的平安防护安装是用来维护作

31、业人员，假设忽略了他们，那么会添加作业的危险性。作业前忽略了他们，那么会添加作业的危险性。作业前要先确认机器设备有平安防护安装。要先确认机器设备有平安防护安装。了解机器所需的平安防护安装，安装目的及安装了解机器所需的平安防护安装，安装目的及安装的位置。的位置。 Never reach into machinery to repair, oil, or adjust without taking the required Lock Out/Tag Out steps.Lock Out/Tag Out rules are designed to prevent the accidental sta

32、rt-up of machinery. Imagine what could happen to your hand if someone accidentally started a machine while your hand was inside, adjusting or making repairs. You can prevent this from happening by following lock out / tag out procedures any time you have to repair, oil, or adjust a machine.7上锁上锁/ /贴

33、标签的规定是为防止不测启动机器。想象一贴标签的规定是为防止不测启动机器。想象一下，当他的手在机器内调试或修缮时，机器忽然启动下，当他的手在机器内调试或修缮时，机器忽然启动会发生什么？进展机器的维修、上油或调试任务前，会发生什么？进展机器的维修、上油或调试任务前，假设遵照上锁假设遵照上锁/ /挂标签程序，可以防止此类危害事故挂标签程序，可以防止此类危害事故的发生。的发生。 Clean up with a rag or a brush - not your fingers or hands.用抹布或刷子擦拭，不要用手指或手用抹布或刷子擦拭，不要用手指或手 Protect your hands by

34、 using a rag or a brush for cleaning. Its also a good idea to wear gloves when youre cleaning to prevent injury. Dont use an air hose in place of a brush or vacuum. The air-stream could send projectiles through the air posing a hazard for any person or object in its path.8为维护双手，要用抹布或刷子清为维护双手，要用抹布或刷子

35、清洁，或戴手套也能防止手的损伤。洁，或戴手套也能防止手的损伤。制止用紧缩空气替代刷子或吸尘制止用紧缩空气替代刷子或吸尘器。气流的冲击力能够会伤及任器。气流的冲击力能够会伤及任何在其前方的人或物体。何在其前方的人或物体。Know the Danger Zones 了解危险区域了解危险区域 9 危险区域能够是：被旋转设备夹住；带电的系统-没有执行上锁程序；被物体撞到或撞到物体上；被夹持点夹住；不当运用电开工具；接触到热的物体或资料；接触到腐蚀性资料；被尖利的物体碰到或撞击；不良的卫生习惯；反复的机械动作/ 设备设计不合理；包扎伤口方法不当；.手或身体的位置不当。 DANGER ZONES COUL

36、D BE:HHandling or struck by sharp objects.CCaught in rotating equipment.EEnergized Systems. - No LOCK OUTSStruck by or against objects.CCaught in pinch points.MMis-use of portable power tools.CContact with hot objects or materials.CContact with caustic or corrosive materials.PPoor hygiene practices.

37、RRepetitive motion/poor equipment design.IImproperly dressed wounds.PPoor hand or body position.Keep your hands clean. Dont ignore any hand injuries. Know the signs of dermatitis and other skin disorders. Get prompt medical attention when required.坚持手的清洁。不要忽视任何能够的损伤。了解皮炎的病症或其它皮肤坚持手的清洁。不要忽视任何能够的损伤。了解

38、皮炎的病症或其它皮肤病。必要时要立刻就医。病。必要时要立刻就医。 Protect your hands by keeping them as clean as possible at all times. Wash them immediately after direct exposure to any chemicals and always before you eat, smoke, or apply lotion or makeup. Use approved cleaners when washing your hands. If they become dry and chapp

39、ed, apply a moisturizer. Get prompt medical attention for any hand injury. A minor injury can turn into a major one if you dont attend to it right away. 10尽能够一直坚持手部清洁以维护您的双手。接触任何化学品后要立尽能够一直坚持手部清洁以维护您的双手。接触任何化学品后要立刻洗手，并且在吃饭、吸烟及化装前都要洗手，且洗手液要是检验刻洗手，并且在吃饭、吸烟及化装前都要洗手，且洗手液要是检验合格的产品。假设手有干裂迹象，要用保湿护肤品。如有任何损伤

40、，合格的产品。假设手有干裂迹象，要用保湿护肤品。如有任何损伤，立刻就医。假设注重不够，立刻就医。假设注重不够， 小病也会变大病。小病也会变大病。 Concentrate on what youre doing. Think about your hands and guard them every minute.专心任务，记着本人的双手并时辰维护好专心任务，记着本人的双手并时辰维护好 How many times have you reached for something without looking where your hand was going? When youre carele

41、ss, preoccupied, or overconfident, youre only reaching for trouble. Take care of your hands by watching where theyre going at all times. If the area is dark, turn on lights before you reach in with your hands. If the area is dirty put on the appropriate gloves. In other words, take proactive steps t

42、o protect your hands from harm.还记得有多少次，连看也不看就用手去拿东西？假设他太大意、还记得有多少次，连看也不看就用手去拿东西？假设他太大意、太专注别的事情，或太过自傲，那么他拿到的能够就是费事。照太专注别的事情，或太过自傲，那么他拿到的能够就是费事。照顾他的手，随时知道它们的去向。假设太黑，去拿东西前先把灯顾他的手，随时知道它们的去向。假设太黑，去拿东西前先把灯翻开。假设物体脏，拿之前先戴好手套。换句话说，任何操作都翻开。假设物体脏，拿之前先戴好手套。换句话说，任何操作都要有预防措施，以维护他的双手免受损伤。要有预防措施，以维护他的双手免受损伤。Hand Safety Audit Tool Danger Zone!Safety Buffer Primary Level of DefenseAwarenessSTASafe Work PracticesTool HoldersTag LinesCorrect ToolsPush ToolsGood HygieneLock OutBody & Hand PositionTraining/QualificationDistanceEquipment Guard/Physical BarrierSecondary Level of Defense