教学内容讲解语法时态与语态电子稿

1、教学内容 讲解语法时态与语态 教学重点 灵活运用每种时态和语态教学难点 区分一般过去时和过去完成时等教学过程 第一课时动词时态和语态十种常用的动词时态句子结构：(S主语， do动词原形， does动词第三人称单数，did过去式， doing现在分词， done过去分词。)一般现在时：Sdo/does.一般过去时Sdid.现在进行时Sam/is/are doing.过去进行时Swas/were doing.一般将来时Swill/shalldo.过去将来时Sshould/woulddo现在完成时Shave/has done.过去完成时Shad done.现在完成进行时 Shave/has been

2、 doing.过去完成进行时 Shad been doing.%一、考点聚焦 1、动词时态考查要点简述 （1）一般现在时考点分析 表示客观事实或普通真理（不受时态限制）The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.Water boils at 100oC.表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；表示经常或习惯性的动作，多用动作动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用。Ice feels cold.We always care for each other and help each other.表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽

3、象的关系或概念的词常用一般现在时：see、hear、smell、taste、feel、notice、agree、believe、like、hate、want、think、belong seem等。如：I know what you mean.Smith owns a car and a house.All the students here belong to No.1 Middle School.在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。但要注意由if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”，但不表示时态。If you will accept my invitatio

4、n and come to our party, my family will be pleased.如果你愿意接受并参加我们的舞会，我的家人会非常高兴。少数用于表示起止的动词如come、go、leave、arrive、fly、return、start、begin、pen、close、end、stop等常用一般现在时代替将来时，表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。当be表示根据时间或事先安排，肯定会出现的状态，只用一般现在时。The shop closes at 11:00 p.m. every day.Tomorrow is Wednesday.（2）一般过去时的考点分析（考核重点）。一

5、般过去时的基本用法：表示过去的事情、动作或状态常与表示过去具体的时间状语连用（或有上下文语境暗示）；用于表达过去的习惯；表示说话人原来没有料到、想到或希望的事通常用过去式。如：I met her in the street yesterday.I once saw the famous star here.They never drank wine.I thought the film would be interesting,but it isnt.如果从句中有一个过去的时间状语，尽管从句中的动作先于主句发生，但从句中的谓语动词连用过去式。如：He told me he read an in

6、teresting novel last night. 表示两个紧接着发生的动作，常由以下词语连接，用一般过去时。如：but, and, when, as soon as, immediately, the moment, the minute。The moment she came in, she told me what had happened to her.He bought a watch but lost it.常用一般过去时的句型：Why didnt you / I think of that?I didnt notice it.I forgot to tell you I ha

7、d been there with my brother before.I didnt recognize him.（3）一般将来时考点分析。表示未来的动作或状态常用will / shall + 动词（常与表示将来的时间状语边用如tomorrow、next week等）。表示一种趋向或习惯动作。Well die without air or water.表示趋向行为的动词如come、go、start、begin、leave等词常用进行时的形式表示将来时。be going to与will / shall, be to do, be about to do用法及区别：be going to 表示现

8、在打算在最近或将来要做某事，这种打算往往经过事先考虑，甚至已做了某种准备；shall / will do表示未事先考虑过，即说话时临时作出的决定。be going to 表将来，不能用在条件状语从句的主句中；而will则能，表意愿。如：If it is fine, well go fishing.(正确)If it is fine, we are going to go fishing.(错误)be to do sth.表按计划、安排即将发生的动作，还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止，可能性等。A meeting is to be held at 3:00 oclock this afternoon.b

9、e about to do sth.表示“即可，就要”，后面不能接时间状语或状语从句。Autumn harvest is about to start.（4）现在进行时考点分析。表示说话时正在发生着的一个动作；表示现阶段但不一定是发生在讲话时；表近期特定的安排或计划；go、come等起止动作可用进行时代替将来时。如：It is raining now.He is teaching English and learning Chinese.I am meeting Mr. Wang tonight.We are leaving on Friday.At six I am bathing the

10、baby.(I start bathing the bady before six.)The girl is always talking loud in public.(与always、often等频度副词连用，表经常反复的行动或某种感情色彩)下面四类动词不宜用现在进行时。（A）表示心理状态、情感的动作：like, love, hate, care, remember, believe, want, mind, wish, agree, mean, need。（B）表存在的状态的动词：appear, exist, lie, remain, seem belong to, depend on。

11、（C）表示一时性动作的动词：allow, accept, permit, promise, admit, complete。（D）表示感官的动词：see, hear, notice, feel, smell, sound, taste, look。（5）过去完成时考点分析（考核重点）。常用过去完成时的几种情况：（A）在by、by the end、by the time、until、before、since后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句以前发生的动作。如：By the end of last year, we had produced 20,000 cars. The train had le

12、ft before we reached the station. (B)表示曾实现的希望、打算、意图、诺言等。常用had hoped / planned / meant / intended/though / wanted / expected等或用上述动词过去式接不定式完成式表示即：hoped / planned + to have done。（C）“时间名词 + before”在句子中作状语，谓语动词用过去完成时；“时间名词 + ago”在句中作状语，谓语动词用一般过去式。如：He said his first teacher had died at least 10 years bef

13、ore. Xiao Hua left school 3 years ago.（D）表示“一就”的几个句型：Hardly / No sooner / Scarcely had + 主语 + 过去分词 + when / than / before + 一般过去时。如：We had no sooner been seated than the bus started. = No sooner had we been seated than the bus started.在before或after引导的时间状语从句中用一般过去时态代替过去完成时。After he (had)left the room

14、, the boss came in.We arrived home before it snowed.（6）过去将来时考点分析。参照一般将来时对比：用would do、was / were going to do sth.表过去将来；come、go、leave等过去进行时表过去将来时；was / were to do sth.和was / were about to do sth.表过去将来。（7）过去进行时考点分析。过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或某一阶段内发生或频繁发生。某一动作发生时另一动作正在发生，其中一个在由when或while引导的时间状语从句中。（8）现在完成时考点分析。现在完成时

15、除可以和for、since引导的状语连用外，还可以和下面的介词短语连用：during / in /over the last(past)few years (months, weeks)、in recent years等。下列句型中常用现在完成时It is (has been) + 一段时间 + since从句This(That / It)is the first(second)time that + 完成时This(That / It)is the only + that + 完成时This(that / It)is the best / finest / most interesting

16、+ that 从句 + 完成时在时间或条件状语从句中，现在完成时可以代替一般将来时。如：I shall post the letter as soon as I have written it.If you have done the experiment, you will realize the theory better.Dont get off the bus until it has stopped.（9）注意几组时态的区别：一般过去时与现在完成时：时间上有差异：凡有过去时间的均用过去时态，不能用完成时态，如含有ago、last year、just now、the other day

17、等。结果上有差异：现在完成时强调的是对“现在”的影响和结果，动作到现在刚完成或还在继续；一般过去时强调的是动作发生在“过去”，和现在毫无关系。过去完成时与一般过去时：过去完成时强调的是“过去的过去”；如出现同一主语连续几个动作（“连谓”）形式则只用一般过去时即可。二 、被动语态考查要点简述进行时、将来时、完成时、情态动词的被动语态的谓语分别是be being done、will/shall be done、 have/has/had been done、 情态动词be done，不要遗漏任何部分。（1）当句子的谓语为say、believe、expect、think、know、write、con

18、sider、report等时，被动语态有两种形式：（A）谓语动词用被动语态，动词不定式作主补。（B）用it作形式主语，真正的主语在后面用主语在后面用主语从句来表示。如：People say he is a smart boy.It is said that he is a smart boy.He is said to be a smart boy.类似句型有：It is said / known / suggested / believed / hoped/ thought that （2）主动形式表被动意义。有些动词形式上是主动语态，却表示被动意义。主要有下列几种情形：(1)be wort

19、h doing：The book is worth reading.(2)need/want/requiredoingneed/want/require to be done The room needs cleaning.(The room needs to be cleaned.)(3)beadj.to doThe place is hard to find in the map.4)表感觉的连系动词形容词Good medicine tastes bitter.(5)当句子的主语是物，同时又是动作涉及的对象，而动词又是表明主语本身的特性时，用主动形式表被动意义。这时，句末有一个表示方式的副

20、词。The pen I bought yesterday writes smoothly.我昨天买的钢笔书写流畅。The cloth washes well.这种布耐洗。Z课堂跟踪练习选择填空1. Visitors _not to touch the exhibits.(NMET 2001)A.will request B.are requested C.are requesting D.request解析：答案为B。此题的时态是不难判断的，因为说的是一条规定，所以用一般现在时，而visitor与request之间是动宾关系，即request visitors not to touch the

21、 exhibits,究竟是谁要求他们这样做呢？不清楚，也不必知道，因此需要用被动语态。分析visitors与request之间的关系是此题的解题关键。2. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _ so rapidly.(NMET 2001)A.is changing B.has changed C.will have changed D.will change解析：答案为A。此题考查现在进行时态的用法。句意为“选择一部移动电话不是一件容易的事，因为科技发展得十分迅速。”本句的主

22、句一般现在时表达的是目前的情况，而“科技发展迅速”也是现阶段正存在的一种状态，不是在过去，也不是在将来，因此只能用现在进行时表达。3. All the preparations for the task _, and were ready to start.（2000年春季高考）A.completed B.completeC.had been completed D.have been completed解析：答案为D。现在完成时表示过去年做的事对现在的影响。从and were ready to start句意可知，一切准备工作已经就绪，可以开始工作了。complete是及物动词，与句子的主语

23、是被动关系，所以需要用被动语态表达。注意分清complete与主语之间的关系；结合语境选择正确时态。4.My mind wasnt on what he was saying so Im afraid I half of it.A. was missing B. had missed C. will miss D. missed解析：答案为D。本句考时态和语境。全句意思是；我的心没在他说的话上，所以恐怕他说的话我有一半没听到。整个事情是过去的事，且是做过的事，所以选一般过去时D。5.The discussion alive when an interesting topic was broug

24、ht in. A. was coming B. had come C. has come D. came解析：答案为D。come alive“变得活跃”。照顾时间状语从句时态一致时。6.I hear Jane has gone to the Holy Island for her holiday.Oh, how nice! Do you know when she ?A. was leaving B. had left C. has left D. left解析：答案为D。考查动词时态，由现完成时的用法，可知动作发生在过去，故选D。课后作业1(2011全国卷I) 23. Planning so

25、 far ahead _ no senseso many things will have changed by next year. A. made B. is making C. makes D. has made2(2011全国卷I) 24. I wasnt sure if he was really interested or if he _ polite. A. was just being B. will just be C. had just been D. would just be3(2011全国卷I) 29. When Alice came to, she did not

26、know how long she _ there. A. had been lying B. has been lying C. was lying D. has lain4(2011北京卷)21.Experiments of this kind _ in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War. A. have conducted B. have been conducted C. had conductedD. had been conducted5(2011北京卷)23 Tom _ in the library

27、 every night over the last three months A. worksB. worked C. has been working D. had been working6(2011北京卷)32. Bob has gone to California. Oh, can you tell me when he _? A. has leftB. leftC. is leavingD. would leaving7(2011北京卷)27. That must have been a long trip. Yeah, it _ us a whole week to get th

28、ere. A. takes B. has taken C. tookD. was taking8(2011上海卷) 31. After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team _ four days later. A. rescued B. was rescued C. has rescuedD. had been rescued9(2011上海卷) 34. Did you predict that many students _ up for the dance competition? A. would signB. signe

29、dC. have signedD. had signed10(2011山东卷)31.When I got on the bus, I _ I had left my wallet at home. A. was realizing B. realized C. have realized D. would realize11(2011山东卷)35. She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the child _ everything! A. had been eating B. had eaten C. have eaten D. have be

30、en eating12(2011江西卷)30. We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody _ into the office during the night. A. broke B. had brokenC. has broken D. was breaking13(2011江苏卷)21. I hear you _ in a pub. Whats it like? Well, its very hard work and Im always tired, but I dont mind. A. are working

31、B. will work C. were working D. will be working14(2011江苏卷)22. The fact that so many people still smoke in public places _ that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking. A. suggest B. suggests C. suggested D. suggesting 15(2011江苏卷)23. Tommy is planning to buy a car

32、. I know. By next month, he _enough for a used one. A. saves B. saved C. will save D. will have saved16(2011安徽卷)32. I didnt ask for the name list. Why _on my desk? I put it there just now in case you needed it. A. does it land B. has it landed C. will it land D. had it landed 17(2011浙江卷)15. The mana

33、ger was worried about the press conference his assistant _ in his place but, luckily, everything was going on smoothly. A. gave B. gives C. was giving D. had given 18(2011福建卷)32. Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they_ From China. A. receive B. are receiving C. h

34、ave received D. had received19(2011四川卷)9. All visitors to this village_ with kindness. A. treat B. are treated C. are treating D. had been treated20(2011四川卷)19. What a mistake! Yes. I_ his doing it another way, but without success. 21(2011辽宁卷)28. I'll go to the library as soon as I finish what I

35、 _. A. was doing B. am doing C. have done D. had been doing22(2011辽宁卷)34. By the time Jack returned home from England, his son_ from college.A. graduated B. has graduated C. had been D. had graduated23(2011天津卷)3.In the last few years thousands of films _ all over the word.A. have produced B. have be

36、en produced C. are producing D. are being produced24(2011天津卷)4.On the next birthday. Ann _married for twenty years.A. is B. has been C. will be D. will have been25(2011陕西卷)12.His first novel _ good reviews since it came out last month. A. receives B. is receiving C. will receive D. has received26(20

37、11重庆卷)21. That piece of music sounds quite familiar. Who _the piano upstairs?A. has played B. played C. plays D. is playing 27(2011重庆卷)31.Look at the pride on Toms face. He_ to have been praised by the manager just now.A. seemed B. seems C. had seemed D. is seeming28(2011湖南卷)22. John, what _in your

38、hand? Look, Its a birthday gift for my grandma.A. had you held B. are you holding C. do you hold D. will you hold29(2011湖南卷)27. In 1942, Columbus_ on one of the Bahama Islands, but he mistook it for an island off India. A. lands B. landed C. has landed D.had landed 30(2011湖南卷)30. It is the most inst

39、ructive lecture that I _since I came to this school. A .attended B. had attended C. am attending D. have attended 31(2011湖南卷)34 In the near future, more advances in the robot technology _ by scientists.A. are making B. are made C. will make D. will be made 第二课时教学内容 讲解时态练习题2011 1-5 CAADC 6-10BCBAB 11

40、-15BBABD 16-20 BCDBD 21-25 BDBBD 26-31 DBBDDD 课后作业 10年 时态题2010年高考题1.（10上海28） Every few years, the coal workers their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health. A. are having B. have C. have had D. had had2.（10上海31）The church tower which will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished. A. has r

41、estored B. has been restored C. is restoring D. is being restored3.（10福建28）Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they before leaving their hometowns. A. promisedB. were promisedC. have promisedD. have been promised 4.（10福建28）Guess what, weve got our visas for a s

42、hort-term visit to the UK this summer.-How nice! You a different culture then. A. will be experiencing B. have experiencedC. have been experiencingD. will have experienced5.（10安徽28）-Were you surprised by the ending of the film?-No, I _the book, so I already knew the story?A. was reading B. had read

43、C. am reading D. have read6.（10安徽34） -Weve spent too much money recently. -well, it isnt surprising. Our friend and relatives _around all the time A. are coming B. had come C. were coming D. have been coming7.（10湖南24）This coastal area a national wildlife reserve last year. A. was named B. named C. i

44、s named D. names8.（10湖南27）I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone it. Was it you?A. has done B. had done C. would do D. will do 9.（10湖南31）I walked slowly through the market, where people all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed. A. sell B

45、. were selling C. had sold D. have sold10.（10湖南34）I'm tired out. . I all afternoon and I don't seem to have finished anything. A. shopped B. have shoppedC. had shopped D. have been shopping11.（10江西30） Mother wanted to be a good provider, a role she _ since her marriage to Father. A shoulders

46、 B shouldered C is shouldering D has been shouldering12.（10山东29）The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _ for a meal to be cooked. A. laid B. laying C. to lay D. being laidUp to now, the program _ thousands of children who would otherwise have died. A. would save B. Saves C. h

47、ad saved D. has saved14.（10天津4）We on this project for four hours. Lets have a rest. A. are working B. have been working C. worked D. had worked 15.（10天津10）Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo. A. are exhibiting B. is exhibiting C. ar

48、e being exhibited D. is being exhibited16.（10四川11）In many peoples opinion，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant Ato deal with Bdealing with Cto be dealt with Ddealt with17.（10四川16）When shall we restart our business?Not until we our plan Awill finish Bare finishing Care to finish Dhave fin

49、ished18（10四川18）Youve failed to do what you to and Im afraid the teacher will blame you Awill expect Bwill be expected Cexpected Dwere expected19.（10全国I 21）Have you finished reading Jane Eyre?No , I _ my homework all day yesterday. A. was doing B. would do C. has done D. do20.（10全国I 25）When you are h

50、ome , give a call to let me know you _ safely. A. are arriving B. have arrived C. had arrived D. will arrive 21.（10全国I 32）The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune _. A. is made B. would make C. was to be made D. had made 22.（10江苏23）why, Jack, you look so tired! Well

51、, I _the house and I must finish the work tomorrow. A. was painting B. will be painting C. have painted D. have been painting23.（10江苏30）Peter , where did you guys go for the summer vacation?We_ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves. A. were B. have been C. had bee

52、n D. will be 24.（10陕西21）I have to see the doctor because I a lot lately. A. have been coughing B. had coughed C. coughed D. cough25.（10陕西24）It is reported that many a new house at present in the disaster area. A. are being built B. were being built C. was being built D. is being built26.（10全国II 9）Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _evening dress. A. wear B. wears C. has worn D. have worn27.（