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1、2013年12月英语六级改革新题型模拟题(1)Part Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section C(复合式听写调整为单词及词组听写,短文长度及难度不变。)Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read
2、60;forthe first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for thesecond time, you are required to fill in the blanks with
3、;the exact words you have just heard.Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.There is growing dissatisfaction toward&
4、#160;rich people, according to a new online poll.The poll by the China Youth Daily 26_ has highlighted the apparent27_ over the countrys widening income gap.Nearly 8,000
5、 people filled in online 28_ last week, and when asked to use threewords to describe the societys rich, the top 29_ were “extravagant”,“greedy”and “corrupt”.About 57 perc
6、ent of those 30_ said that “extravagant” was the best word todescribe the rich, followed closely by “greedy”.31_ , despite their dissatisfaction, 93 percent of those polled wi
7、shed they could berich too, and that richer people should be “socially 32_ ”.Some 33_ percent of respondents also praised rich people for being “smart”.Nearly 90 percent
8、of respondents agreed that most people in society, including themselves, 33speak up for the poor but were 34_ to take action and actually do something forthem.The survey
9、comes on the heels of a heated debate over comments made by renownedeconomist Mao Yushi, who said a couple of days ago that he was speaking for the rich an
10、dworking for the poor.A report released by the Asian Development Bank last Wednesday revealed that Chinas Ginicoefficientan indicator of the wealth dividerose from 0.407 in 19
11、93 to 0.473 in 2004.An earlier Chinese Academy of Social Sciences report said that the richest 10 percent of Chinesefamilies now own more than 40 percent of all
12、;private assets, while the poorest 10 percent in thecountry share less than 2 percent of the total wealth.The countrys income gap is close to that of Latin America,&
13、#160;the report which 35_ inJanuary said.Part Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section B(原快速阅读理解调整为长篇阅读理解,篇章长度和难度不变。篇章后附有10个句子,每句一题。每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落,要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。)Directions: In this section, you are going&
14、#160;to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraphfrom which the information
15、is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Eachparagraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2.Da
16、ylight Saving Time (DST)How and When Did Daylight Saving Time Start?A Benjamin Franklinof “early to bed and early to rise” famewas apparently the first personto suggest t
17、he concept of daylight savings. While serving as U.S. ambassador to France inParis, Franklin wrote of beingawakened at 6 a.m. and realizing, to his surprise, that the
18、0;sun would rise far earlier than heusually did. Imaginethe resources that might be saved if he and others rose before noon and burned less midnightoil, Franklin, tongue&
19、#160;half in cheek, wrote to a newspaper.B It wasnt until World War I that daylight savings were realized on a grand scale. Germanywas the first state to adopt
20、the time changes, to reduce artificial lighting and thereby savecoal for the war effort. Friends and foes soon followed suit. In the U.S. a federal lawstandardized the
21、60;yearly start and end of daylight saving time in 1918for the states that choseto observe it.C During World War II the U.S. made daylight saving time mandatory 强制的)for
22、160;the wholecountry, as a way to save wartime resources. Between February 9, 1942, and September 30, 1945, the government took it a step further. During this period daylight&
23、#160;saving time wasobserved year-round, essentially making it the new standard time, if only for a few years. Manyyears later, the Energy Policy Act of 2005 was enacted,
24、 mandating a controversial month-longextension of daylight saving time, starting in 2007.Daylight Saving Time: Energy Saver or Just Time Suck?D In recent years several studies
25、;have suggested that daylight saving time doesnt actuallysave energyand might even result in a net loss. Environmental economist Hendrik Wolff, ofthe University of Washington, co-a
26、uthored a paper that studied Australian power-use datawhen parts of the country extended daylight saving time for the 2000 Sydney Olympics andothers did not. The researchers
27、160;found that the practice reduced lighting and electricityconsumption in the evening but increased energy use in the now dark morningswiping out theevening gains. Thats because
28、160;the extra hour that daylight saving time adds in the evening is ahotter hour. “So if people get home an hour earlier in a warmer house, they turn on their
29、160;airconditioning,” the University of Washingtons Wolff said.E But other studies do show energy gains. In an October 2008 daylight saving time report toCongress, mandated by
30、;the same 2005 energy act that extended daylight saving time, theU.S. Department of Energy asserted that springing forward does save energy. Extendeddaylight saving time saved
31、;1.3 terawatt (太瓦)hours of electricity. That figure suggests thatdaylight saving time reduces annual U.S. electricity consumption by 0.03 percent and overallenergy consumption by 0.02
32、160;percent. While those percentages seem small, they couldrepresent significant savings because of the nations enormous total energy use.F What*s more, savings in some regions are
33、 apparently greater than in others. California, forinstance, appears to benefit most from daylight saving timeperhaps because its relativelymild weather encourages people to stay o
34、utdoors later. The Energy Department report foundthat daylight saving time resulted in an energy savings of one percent daily in the state.G But Wolff, one of many s
35、cholars who contributed to the federal report, suggested that thenumbers were subject to statistical variability (变化)and shouldnt be taken as hard facts. Anddaylight savings, energ
36、y gains in the U.S. largely depend on your location in relation to theMason-Dixon Line, Wolff said. “The North might be a slight winner, because the North doesnthave
37、;as much air conditioning,” he said. “But the South is a definite loser in terms of energyconsumption. The South has more energy consumption under daylight saving.”Daylight Sa
38、ving Time: Healthy or Harmful?H For decades advocates of daylight savings have argued that, energy savings or no, daylightsaving time boosts health by encouraging active lifes
39、tylesa claim Wolff and colleagues arecurrently putting to the test. “In a nationwide American time-use study, were clearly seeingthat, at the time of daylight saving time exte
40、nsion inthe spring, television watching is substantially reduced and outdoor behaviors like jogging,walking, or going tothe park are substantially increased,” Wolff said. “Thats remarkable,&
41、#160;because of course thetotal amount of daylight in a given day is the same. ”I But others warn of ill effects. Till Roenneberg, a university professor in Munich (
42、慕尼,黑),Germany, said his studies show that our circadian (生理节奏的)body clocksset by light anddarknessnever adjust to gaining an “extra” hour of sunlight to the end of the da
43、y duringdaylight saving time.J One reason so many people in the developed world are chronically (长期地)overtired, hesaid, is that they suffer from “social jet lag. ” In oth
44、er words, their optimal circadian sleepperiods don"t accord with their actual sleep schedules. Shifting daylight from morning toevening only increases this lag, he said. “Light
45、0;doesnt do the same things to the body in themorning and the evening. More light in the morning would advance the body clock, and thatwould be good. But more
46、160;light in the evening would even further delay the body clock. ”K Other research hints at even more serious health risks. A 2008 study concluded that, atleast in
47、Sweden, heart attack risks go up in the days just after the spring time change. “Themost likely explanation to our findings is disturbed sleep and disruption of biologica
48、lrhythms,” One expert told National Geographic News via email.Daylight Savings! Lovers and HatersL With verdicts (定论)on the benefits, or costs, of daylight savings so split, i
49、t may be nosurprise that the yearly time changes inspire polarized reactions. In the U.K., for instance, theLighter Later movementpart of 10:10, a group advocating cutting
50、0;carbon emissionsarguesfor a sort of extreme daylight savings. First, they say, move standard time forward an hour,then keep observing daylight saving time as usualadding two
51、;hours of evening daylight towhat we currently consider standard time. The folks behind Standardtime .com, on the otherhand, want to abolish daylight saving time altogether, c
52、alling energy-efficiency claims“unproven. ”M National telephone surveys by Rasmussen Reports from spring 2010 and fall 2009 deliverthe same answer. Most people just “dont think the
53、;time change is worth the hassle (麻烦洽勺事).” Forty-seven percent agreed with that statement, while only 40 percent disagreed. ButSeize the Daylight author David Prerau said his&
54、#160;research on daylight saving time suggests mostpeople are fond of it. “I think if you ask most people if they enjoy having an extra hour ofdaylight in the evenin
55、g eight months a year, the response would be pretty positive.”46. Daylight savings,energy gains might be various due to different climates.47. Disturbed sleep and disruption o
56、f biological rhythms may be the best explanation to higherheart attack risks in the days after the spring time change.48. A research indicated that DST might not sav
57、e energy by increasing energy use in the darkmornings, though it reduced lighting and electricity consumption in the evening.49. Germany took the lead to save wartime res
58、ources by adopting the time changes andreducing artificial lighting.50. A university professor studied the effect of daylight saving time and sounded the alarm ofits negative
59、effects.51. Social jet lag can partly account for peoples chronic fatigue syndrome in developedcountries.52. The figure of a study in the U.S. suggested that DST could sa
60、ve a lot of energy nationally.53. Supporters of daylight savings have long considered daylight saving time does good topeoples health.54. A group advocating cutting carbon emi
61、ssions launches the Lighter Later movement to backa kind of extreme daylight savings.55. A scholar contributing to a federal report suggested that the amount of saved ene
62、rgy hadsomething to do with geographic position.Part Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国是世界上最大的发展中国家,人口约占世界总人口的22%。在过去相当长的时期里,由于
63、诸多原因, 贫困一直困扰着中国。20世纪80年代中期,中国农村绝大多数地区凭借自身的发展优势,经济得到快速增长, 但少数地区由于经济、社会、历史、自然等方面的制约,发展相对滞后。中国政府在致力于经济和社会全面发 展的进程中,在全国范围内实施了以解决贫困人口温饱问题为主要目标的有计划、有组织的大规模扶贫开 发,极大地缓解了贫困现象。Part Listening ComprehensionSection C26. in collaboration with 与 合作27. discontent不满意;不满足
64、28. questionnaires 调查表,问卷29. responses 回答,答复30. polled被调查的,受民意调查的Part Reading ComprehensionSection D46. F。题干意为,夏令时带来的能源收益可能会因为不同的气候而有差异。注意抓住题干中的关键词daylight savings" energy gains, various和different climates。文章段落中,提到能源节约量与天气有关
65、的内容 在F段出现,该段前两句提到,一些地区的节能量明显比其他地区要大。例如,加利福尼亚州似乎是从夏 令时中获益最大的可能是因为那里的气候相对溫和,鼓励人们在户外待到更晚。由此可知,题干对原 文进行了概括和同义改写,故答案为F。47. K。题干意为,睡眠障碍和生物节律紊乱可能是春季时间变化后心脏病发病率上升的最佳解释。注意抓 住题干中的关键词 disturbed sleep and disruption of biological rhythms, explanation和higherheart atta
66、ck risks。 文章段落中,提及睡眠障碍和生物节律紊乱以及心脏病发病率上升的内容在K段出现,该段第二句提 到,2008年的一项研究总结道,至少在瑞典,在春季时间变化后不久,心脏病发病率就上升了接着第 三句引用了一位专家的话:“根据我们的调查结果,最合理的解释是睡眠障碍及生物节奏紊乱。”由此可 知,题干是对原文的同义改写,故答案为K。48. D。题干意为,一项研究表明,尽管实行夏令时能减少夜间照明及电量消耗,但却因为增加了晨间的用 电量而可能无法节约能源。注意抓住题干中的关键词increasing energy use in the
67、;darkmornings和reduced lighting and electricity consumption in the evening。文章段落中,提到了增加晨间的用电量和减少夜间照明及电量消耗的是D段,该段第三句提Sij,研究人员发现这种做法减少了夜间照明及电量消耗,但是却增加 了晨间的用电量,因为现在早晨很昏暗这就抵消了夜间节约的能源。由此可知,题干对原文进行了同 义改写,故答案为D。49. B。题干意为,德国率先通过采取时间变化和减少人工照明来节约战时资源。注意抓住题干中的关键词Germany,
68、the time change s和artificial lighting。文章段落中,有关德国的内容在B 段出现,该段第二句提 到,德国是第一个采取时间变化以减少人工照明从而为战事节约煤炭资源的国家。由此可知,题干是对原 文的同义转述,故答案为B。50. I。题干意为,一位大学教授研究了夏令时的作用并警示人们其带来的消极影响。注意抓住题干中的关键 词a university professor和sounded the alarm of its negative e
69、ffects。文章段落中,提及夏令时会带来负面影响 的内容在I段出现,该段首句指出,但是其他人却警告人们夏令时所带来的负面影响。德国慕尼黑一所大 学的教授蒂尔伦内伯格说,他的研究显示,我们的生物钟是根据白天和黑夜确定的,永远都适应不了夏 令时期间白天快结束时所多出的那“额外”一小时的日光。由此可知,题干是对原文的概述,故答案为I。51. J。题干意为,社会时差是发达国家的人们患长期疲劳综合征的部分原因。注意抓住题干中的关键词social jet lag和chronic fatigue syndrome。文章段落中,提到社会时差和人们长期疲劳的内容在J段出
70、现, 该段第一句提到,发达国家中的很多人长期感觉过度劳累,原因之一就是,他们遭受“社会时差”的折磨。 由此可知,题干是对原文的同义转述,故答案为J。52. E。题干意为,美国一项研究的数据表明实行夏令时能在全国范围内节约很多能源。注意抓住题干中的 关键词figure, save a lot of energy和nationally。文章段落中,提到整个国家节能总量大的内容在E段出现, 该段最后两句提到,这个数字意味着,夏令时使美国年耗电量降低了0.03%,也使整体能耗减少了0.02%。 尽管这些百分比看起来很小,但是,由于国家总能耗量很庞大,它
71、们所代表的节能量还是很大的。由此可 知,题干是对原文的同义改写,故答案为E。53. H。题干意为,夏令时的支持者长期以来认为夏令时对人们的健康有好处。注意抓住题干中的关键词supporters of daylight savings和do good to peoples health。文章段落中,提及夏令时支持者以及夏令时与人 类健康的关系的内容在H段出现,该段第一句提到,几十年来,夏令时的倡导者一直宣称,不管夏令时 能否节约能源,它都有利于健康,因为它倡导的是积极的生活方式。由此可知,题干是对原文的同义转 述,故答案为H。
72、54. L。题干意为,倡导降低碳排放量的一个组织发起了“晚亮灯运动”以支持一种极端的日光节约时制。注 意抓住题干中的关键词 a group advocating cutting carbon emissions, Lighter Later movement 和 akind of extreme daylight savings。文章段落中,提及“晚亮灯运动”的内容在L段出现,该段第二句提到,在英国, “晚亮灯运动”作为10:10(倡导降低碳排放
73、量的一个组织)开展的运动的一部分提倡一种极端的日 光节约时制。由此可知,题干是对原文的同义转述,故答案为L。55. G。题干意为,协助撰写联邦报告的一位学者表示,能源的节约量与所处的地理位置有关。注意抓住题 干中的关键词a scholar contributing to a federal report和geographic position。文章段落中,提及能源节约量和 地理位置的关系的内容在G段出现,该段第二句提到,沃尔夫表示,夏令时给美国带来的能源收益主要 取决于某个地区与梅森一狄克森线的相对位置。由此可知,题干是对原
74、文的同义转述,故答案为G。Part Translation参考答案China is the largest developing country in the world and its population accounts for about 22percent of the worlds total. For a long period of its h
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