两案三库-同步教案-高二下新世纪-第15周01(情态动词)

1、教师学生上课时间2017/5/学科英语年级高二课题名称情态动词一教学目标情态动词各自的基本息义及用法及情态动词+have done用法重点难点情态动词+have done句型情态动词一一.上节回顾上次课重要词汇默写+提问二.本节内容情态动词的特征：1 .本身有词义，但完全。因此不能独立作谓语，只能和动词原形一起构成谓语。2 .后接动词不定式一律不带 to3不随人称和数的变化。情态动词各自的基本意义及用法表一、can与could用法对比表对比点cancould1、表“能力”Can you lift this heavy box?I couldn ' understand what he

2、said at all.2、表“许可”You can use a different material instead.He said I could borrow his bike.3、“怀疑，猜测” 一般 不用于肯定句No, no, it can' t be true.What on earth can this mean?We thought the story could not be true. How could you be so careless?4、can 与 be able to 区另1J1. could代替can,表示语气更为婉转。Eg. Could I use

3、your bike?Yes, I can2. can （能够）=be able to（仅表能力时），但be able to表不一番努力后，才能做得到，且有更多的时态。He was a good swimmer, so heswim to the river bank whenthe boat sank.A. could B. might C. shallD. was able to1、It was really annoying; I get access to the data bank you had recommended.A. wouldn ' t B. couldn '

4、; t C. shouldn ' t D. needn ' t2、It was so noisy that wehear ourselves speak.A. couldn ' t B. shouldn ' t C. mustn ' tD needn ' t3、Although you find bargains in London, its not generally a cheap place to shop.A. shouldB. need C. must D. can4、 I have a word with you? It won

5、9; t take long.A.CanB. Must C. Shall D. Should5、No one be more generous; he has a heart of gold.A. could B. must C. dare D . need6、When I was a child, I watch TV whenever I wanted to.A. should B. could C. must D. Need7、It be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know

6、 a lot of words.A . may B. couldn't C. should D. needn'tKeys： AADAABBCan'的五种特殊句型句型一：can + do+er/more再没有比更=最He can ' t be more carelesst粗心了 °I can ' t agree with you more非常同意你的观点。The visit can't have left us a deeper impression.这次访问给我们留下的印象再深亥U不过了。句型二：can't + do + too

7、/enough无论怎样也不过分I can't praise this film highly enough.I can't praise this film too much.I can hardly praise this film too highly.以上三句均可译为这部电影无论怎样赞扬也不过分。”注意：根据句义需要，can't中的not常可与scarcely, hardly, never等一类词换用。句型三：can 't + help + doing不禁，禁不住She can't help thinking so.她不得不这样想。He could

8、n't forbear crying out.他不禁叫了起来。When hearing that, every one of us could not resist laughing.我们大家听到这件事，都忍不住笑了。help 可被 forbear, resist, avoid, refrain from 克制,keep from , abstain from 放弃等替换I can't avoid meeting him.我不得不与他会面。I can't keep from thinking of you at times我有时会情不自禁地想到你。He couldn&#

9、39;t refrain from his tears.他不禁落泪。He can't abstain from speaking.他禁不住开口说了起来。句型四：can 't + help + do不能帮助做某事I can't help to do it.我不能帮忙做这事。I can't help you (to) finish your homework.我不能帮你做作业。He couldn't help to wash the clothes.我不能帮忙洗衣服。句型五：can 't + but / help but + do除此以外，别无他法(

10、不禁，禁不住)I couldn't but laugh on seeing such a funny sight.看到这样滑稽的情景，我忍不住笑了。I couldn't help but realize that something was wrong.我不禁认识到出了毛病。They can't choose but go.他们不得不去。其中的but可被choose but / help but替换，意义不变。但须注意： but后面的动词不带toI could not but tell him about it.我不得不告诉他这事。She could not help

11、but leave there.她只好离开那里。He couldn't help but realize that he was wrong.他不得不承认自己错了。I cannot help but be sorry.我不能不感到遗憾。I can not help think the same.我不禁也有同样的想法。1、He knows nothing about it, so he can't help any of your work.A. doing B. to do C. being doing D. to be done2、She can't help the

12、 house because she's busy making a cake.A. cleaning B. being cleaned C. cleaned D. to clean3、While shopping, people sometimes can't help into buying something they don't really need.A. to persuade B. persuading C. being persuaded D. be persuaded4、She can't help the house because she&

13、#39;s busy making a cake.A. to clean B. cleaning C. cleaned D. being cleaned5、When a friend invited me to the party, I.A. couldn't help but go B. couldn't help but going C. can't help but go D. can't help but going Keys:BDCAA表二、may与might用法对比表对比点mayMight1.表“询问”May I ？（=Can I ？）Might I

14、 ？（=Could I ？）但比用 may更客气）2.表“允许”You may take the boy there.He told me he might come .（might 与 told相呼应）3.表“可能” “或许”She may not like this place.I ' m afraid he might not like this play.注：1 . May I？的答语。2 .may可表不期望或祝愿May you succeed !3 .may (might)用丁目的状语从句中肯定： Yes, you may.否定：No, you mustn '芥行（语

15、气强硬） No, you may not 或 No, you ' d better not. The emperor gave them some gold in order that they might begin their work at once.1、You feel all the training a waste of time, but I' m a hundred percent sure later yodid it.A. should B. need C. shallD. may2、Life is unpredictable; even the poore

16、st _become the richest.A. shallB. mustC. need D. might3、My book, The House of Hales, is missing. Who have taken it?A. needB. mustC. should D. could4、一 What are you doing this Saturday?一I'm not sure, but I go to the Rolling Stones concert.A. must B. would C. should D. might5、 You needn't take

17、 an umbrella. It isn't going to rain. Well, I don't know. It do.A. might B. need C. would D. Should6、 He lead a horse to the water but he not make it drink.A. willcan B. may can C. may daresD. dare can7、 一 Is John coming by train? -He should, but he not. He likes driving his car.A. mustB. ca

18、nC. needD. mayKeys： DDDDABD表三、must与have to的用法对比表对比点musthave to1.表“必须”（主观看法）必须；没有过去 式，可附十间接引语中。Hetold me I must do according to what he said.（客观需要）不得不，有多种时态。It ' raining heavily, we have to stay later.2.否定句mustn '表"禁止，不能，不 行”Smoking must not allowed in the office .严禁在办公室吸 烟。You mustn'

19、;t talk to girls like that .你绝不能那样对女孩子 说话。You don ' t have to worry about that.3.疑问句Must I ?Yes, you must.（ 心No, you needn' tyou don' have to.（不必）Do you have to go today?Yes, we do.t1、一 Can' t you stay a little longer?It ' s getting late. I really go now, My daughter is home alon

20、e.A .may B .can C . must D .dare2、 You be Carol. You haven ' t changed a bit after all these years.A. must B. canC. willD. Shall3、 You be careful with the camera. It costs!A .must B. may C. canD. Will4、All the lights are on, The Smiths up.A. must get B. is getting C. must be getting D. would get

21、Keys： CAAC表四、need与dare的用法对比表对比点needdare1.情态动词+动词原形1）否定式2）疑问式3）不用于肯定句He need not (needn ' t)go.Need we do it again?-No, you needn ' t./Yesyou must.He dare not say so.Dare she go out alone at night?How dare you say I' m unfair?If he dare do that, he' ll be plnish件句)I dare say.(固定用法)2.行

22、为动词+带to不7E式1）2）否定式3）疑问式He needs to go.He doesn'(d oes not)need to go.Does he need to do it again? No, he doesn ' need to do it again.He dares to say.He does not(doesn ' t)dare to say. If you dare to jump into the water from here, so dare I .1、I ' ve ordered some pizza, so weworry abo

23、ut cooking when we get home tired.A. can ' tB. dare notC. needn ' t D. may not2、一 I ' ve prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.Do you mean webring anything with us?A. can ' B. mustn ' C.shan ' D. needn't3、Iyou, becauseI thought I must bewrong.A. darenot ask B. darenot

24、 to ask C. darenot asking D. dareto not ask4、“ Need we do this job now?""Yes,.”A. you needB. you shouldC. you mustD. you canKeys： CDAC表五、should与ought to用法对比表对比点shouldought to1、表“应该”表劝告、建议You should listen to the doctor ' advice.We should learn from Zhang Hua.表示“有立任有必要”做某事You ought to f

25、inish your work before you go home.We ought to help each other.2、表“估计”They should get home by now.表示“非常可能”的事，可译为 “总应该”If we start to work right now, we ought to finish it before lunch.( 午 饭前应当能干完)1）、should还可在虚拟语气中的使用2）、注意：ought to的疑问式及否定式-Ought he to go?-Yes, I think he ought to.No, he oughtn否定式： ou

26、ght not to 或 oughtn' t to d小说 ought to not do)反疑问句：oughtn ' t3）、should还可以表示"竟然"的意思1、It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves,bring me food.A.mightB. wouldC. shouldD. CouldKeys: C表六、shall与will的用法对比表shallWill1.征询对方意见或请求指示，用于 A三人称：Shall I (we)?Shall he (she)?Where shall I (we)wa

27、it for you?1.询问对方的恳思或1可对方提出要求：Will you(please)？ Won' t you ?Would you like to ？(用 would 替代 will 更客气) -Won t you go and see the film?你不去看电影 吗？ -Yes, I will.不， 我想去。2.表示说话人的“意愿”有“命令” “警告” “强 制” “允诺” “决心”等，用于第二三人称，要 重读。You shall do what I tell you （to do）.我叫你干什么你就干什么。Everything shall be done to save

28、 the ship.一定要竭尽全力来拯救这艘船。表示“意志” “意愿”，用于各种人称：I won ' t do anything you don' t like.我不会做任何你/、喜欢的事。Would表小过去时间的思志 忌愿Shylock would not take the money earlier.夏洛克先前是不肯要钱的。表七：used to与would用法对比表used towould1.表示过去的动作、状态，重在于现在的情况的对比I used to play cards a lot, but now I seldom play.My hometown is not w

29、hat it used to be.注：used to do (过去常常做某事)与 be used todoing(习惯做某事)I am now used to living here.I used to live here.1 .只表示过去经常性的动作I would go to see my grandfather on Sunday when he was in the middle school.2 .would后只接表动作的动词，不接表认识或状态3 .Would you like to.?2.表小过去的习惯后时PJ互换：When we were very young, we used

30、to / would go skating every winter.2.表7K过去的次数时，不能使用：( V ) We went to the Great Wall five times when we were young.(X ) We used to go / would go to the Great Wall five times when we were young.注：used to do 的否usedn' t to do或 didn ' t use to do (usedn也可与作 usen' t) 疑问式：Did you use to do ?Did

31、n' t you use to do? Used you to do?L Usedn' t you to do?1、I still remember my happy childhood when my mothertake me to Disneyland at weekends.A.mightB. mustC. wouldD. Should2、Theresomeflowers in the garden.A. were usedto be B. usedto be C. usesto be D. usedto be having3、to have lunch with us

32、 today?A. Do you likes B. Would you likeC. Will you likedD. Have you likedKeys： CBB情态动词表推测情态动词表推测的意义：1、大多数情态动词(除表能力、许可、意志”外)，都可以表示推测，其程度有差异。按其可能性 程度的高低排列为：Must > will > would > ought to > should > can > could >may > might肯定完全可能很可能可能有可能2 .注意区分情态动词的否定的含义：may not或许不、 可能不might no

33、t 可能不can， 不可能mustn '不许、禁止shouldn '不应该needn '不必3 .情态动词表推测具体运用：情态动诃可以对现在、进行、过去推测S主+情态动词+be+adj对“性质” “特征”的推测S主+情态动词+be+n对“职业” “事物”的推测S主+情态动词+V原对经常性行为的推测S主+情态动词+be+V -ing对进行着的行为的推测S主+情态动词+have+PP对过去的行为的推测特别提醒：情态动词表推测时1、can只能用句和疑问句2、must只能用于肯定句（它的否定句和疑问句其实就用can来代替了）3、句中有情态动词 +完成时，定是对过去的推测。4、句

34、中如有表示不肯定的话语，如： I am not sure; I don'之掘0播选 may /might的各种形式4.记住下面几组表示反劝的特殊的表推测的形式1). could + have + PP 表不本可能做成某事，但事 实上没有做。He could have finished the task on time, but the heavy snow came.2). couldnt +have +PP本不口能做成某事，但已经做了。She could not have covered the whole distance, but in fact she arrived ahea

35、d of time.3). need/needn ' t + have +IPP本应该 /不应该， 但已经做了。She need/needn ' htave attended the meeting yesterday, but she didn' t/did.4.) should/ought to +have + PPWtkt 应该做而没后做The plant is dead. I should/ought to have given ot more water.5) shouldn ' t/ oughtn ' t to +have示 PPF应该 做而

36、做了。You oughtn ' to / shouldn ' have taken her bike without permission.6) would have + PP本来要做某事但没后做I would have told you the story about him, but you were not home.7) had better have+PP用于事后的建议，含轻微责备的口吻，意为“当时最好做了某事”，其否定式had better not have done表/、相反的含义。You had better have started earlier.You h

37、ad better not have scolded her.8)would rather have+PP 表示 当时宁愿做J某事，其否would rather not have done fev相反的含 义，两者都表示后悔”之意I would rather have taken his advice.I would rather not have told him the truth.1、I have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.A. might

38、n ' t B. mustn ' t C. needn ' t D. couldn ' t2、 Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.-Oh, it's too bad. You have made full preparations.A.must B. can C. would D. should3、 I myself more it was a perfect day.A. shouldn ' t have enjoyedB. needn ' t have enjoyedC. wou

39、ldn ' t have enjoyedD. couldn ' t have enjoyed4、I to my cousin's birthday party last night, but I was not available.A . went B. had gone C. would go D. would have gone5、You those letters. Why didn ' you ?A. should post B. should have posted C. must have posted D. ought to post Keys：

40、CDDDB5.记住下面对比表：must只能用于肯定句（它的否定句和疑问句其实就用can来代替了）1.must + have + PP表tk对过去肯定的推测，译为“一定是，准是”The road is wet. It must have rained yesterday.2.can + have + PP表tk对过去的推测（限于问句 中）Can she have said so?他可能这样说吗？3.can ' t + have + PP不对过去的否定推测He cannot have said such a foolish thing.Georgetoo far . His coffee

41、is still warm .1、2、-Why are your eyes so red? Youhave slept well last night.A.must have gone B. might have gone C. can't have gone D. needn't have gone培养孩子终生学习力第16页 Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report.A.can'tB. mustn't C. needn'tD. won't3、Harry is feeling uncomfortable.He

42、too much at he party last night.A.could drink B.should drink C.would have drunk D.must have drunk4、You were stupid to climb the tree. Youhurt yourself.A. mayB. mightC. willD. might haveKeys： CADD情态动词表推测的反意疑问句情态动词表推测的反意疑问句,简单来说，就是以情态动词后的时态为淮，如句子里有明确的时间状语，则以其为准。以 must为例:eg. 1. You must be hungry now,

43、aren ' you?2. He must be watching TV , isn 'he ?3. Tom must have lived her for a long time, hasn ' he ?4. She must have arrived yesterday , didn ' she?注：如选择题中(以 She must have arrived yesterday , didn ' she?为例)既有 didn' t sh又有 hasn' t she则以didn she?为最佳答案。you?1、- I spent two

44、 weeks in London last summer.-Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay,A. mustn ' tB. haven ' tC. didn ' tD.hadn ' tKeys: B三.课堂练习I .改错1、I needn ' t to have a pen because I have already got one.2、- Need she go there with you?- Yes, she need.3、- Must I stay he

45、re ?-No, you mustn ' t.4、He may have given you more help, even though he was very busy.5、- May I come in?-No, you may not.6、May you help me with my English,please?7、You maybe right.8、You had better not to come here tomorrow.9、Richard can come back this afternoon.10、-Where is Mary?-She can be in

46、the lab.11、Annie can be able to go with you.12、could I borrow your book?Yes, of course you could.Keys : to f needf must mustn' t f needn' tmayf mightmay notfmustn' t Mayf Canmaybef may be to f can f may can f must can f could f can n .翻译1、The phone is ringing, （但是没人接听。她一定不在家）2、I can'

47、t find my sunglasses. （我可能昨天落在咖啡店里了）3、You screamed in your sleep last night. （你一定梦见什么可怕的东西了）4、It's a pity. （你本应该邀请她来参加你的毕业典礼的）5、 （其实我没必要穿上我最好的套装去参加那次聚会的）；most of the guests werewearing jeans and sweaters.6、The careless man received a ticket for speeding. He（不必开车开得那么快 ）.7、 The room is in a terrib

48、le mess; it （肯定没打扫过 ）.8、He looks tired. He（可能加班了 ）.9、I（一定是太紧张了 ）that I didn ' t hear you.10、I went to travel, but I （应该准备期末考试的）.11、Why didn ' t you tell me you could lend me the money? I（本来不必从银行借钱 ）.1. but there is no answer. She can't be at home2. I may have left them in the coffee shop

49、 yesterday3. You must have dreamed of something terrible4. You should have invited her to your graduation ceremony5. I needn't have put on my best suit to go to the party6. shouldn' t have driven so fast7. can't have been cleaned8. could have worked overtime9. must have been so nervous10

50、. should have prepared for the final exams.11. needn ' t have borrowed it from the bankin用情态动词翻译句子：1、他病倒了，他父母不该对他期望太高的。2、你应该把那一幅美景拍下来的。3、你不必发短信给他的，我早就用电话通知过他了。4、他心情那么好，肯定得奖了。5、昨晚我打电话到他家没人接电话，他可能去参加晚会了。6、市区仲夏时节的气温有时（可）高达摄氏40度。7、当谬误蒙蔽了心灵之窗的时候，我们又怎能通晓事理、明辨是非？8、保险金可以赔偿被偷盗的金钱，却平息不了人心的惶恐1. He has fall

51、en ill, so his parents shouldn' t to have /expected too much of him.2. You should/ ought to have taken a photo of that beautiful scenery / scene.3. You needn' t have sent the short message to him, for I had informed him about / of it by （means of ） phone.4. He must have won the/a prize, for

52、he is in so good a mood/ such a cheerful mood.5. No one / Nobody answered my phone when I called /rang him （up） last night, so he may / might have gone to attend the party.6. The mid -summer temperature in the city proper can be as high as forty degree centigrade.7. What can we know, or what can we

53、discern when error chokes the windows of the mind?8. Insurance could replace the stolen money, but it couldn ' t stem the people ' s unrest.（17崇明二模）Delivering Food by DroneA Singapore restaurant plans to use drones （遥控飞机 ）to transport food and drinks from the kitchen to a wait station near c

54、ustomers' tables.Timbre, hasInfinium Robotics, the Singapore company that' s developing the drones for restaurant chainspent the past two weeks testing the technology at the restaurant before it opens each night 一21business and hopes to have it in place by the end of the year.But how does th

55、e drone know where to hover （盘旋）？ What if someone bumps into the drone or isIf ths is why I“（y,standing in its way? ”There hoschance at all 22 it will hit anything, says Infini um Robotics chief executive Junyang Woon.The drones automatically charge while 23 (wait) in the kitchen. 24 the chef puts a

56、n order on the drone, he hits a button on a keypad and the drone automatically flies to one of two wait stations. Sense-and-avoid technology 25 (build) into the drone won' tallow it to land at the wait station if anything is in its way. The drones are equipped withsonar (声纳系统)and an infrared sen

57、sor (红外线传感器),too.A waiter then removes the food or drink from the drone and hits a button 26 sends it back to the kitchen. The drones, weighing a little over five pounds, 27 carry just over four pounds of food. Infinium Robotics is working on a model that will carry twice as 28 (much) food.“Its job

58、is to help the waiters to reduce some of their boring tasks," Woon s29 (do) the job, they can concentrate on interacting with customers to bring about higher customer satisfaction and dining experience.”Since it drew recent media attention, Woon 30 (hear) from resorts and restaurants in 10 countries, including the United States.Keys: 21.for