比较级最高级

1、 形容词和副词的形容词和副词的 比较级和最高级比较级和最高级Unit 3-4形容词：是修饰名词（人或事物），表示名形容词：是修饰名词（人或事物），表示名 词的性质、特征或属性的一种词类。词的性质、特征或属性的一种词类。 它在句中作定语、表语和宾语补足语。它在句中作定语、表语和宾语补足语。副词：用来修饰动词、形容词及其他副词副词：用来修饰动词、形容词及其他副词 的词叫副词。副词在句中多作状语的词叫副词。副词在句中多作状语. 一、形容词和副词的概念一、形容词和副词的概念形容词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。形容词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。 如如: a new book, two big tr

2、ees, a lucky boy等等。二、形容词和副词的用法二、形容词和副词的用法形容词放在系动词形容词放在系动词be 、look、 get、keep、turn、feel、become、seem、 taste、 smell 、sound等之后等之后。如如:1.I am short and heavy. 2.She looks fine. 3.The trees turn green. 4. He feels happy. 5.That sounds interesting. 6.I feel well. (adj.)如果如果形容词形容词修饰不定代词修饰不定代词something, anythi

3、ng, everything, nothing等时，等时，要放在不定代词后面。要放在不定代词后面。如如: something special nothing new somewhere interesting something else副词放在所修饰的动词之后，形容词和副副词放在所修饰的动词之后，形容词和副 词之前词之前。如果前面是行为动词，则后面用副词。如果前面是行为动词，则后面用副词。如如: 1.She works hard .（修饰动词） 2.I am very busy.（修饰形容词） 3.He runs too quickly .（修饰副词） 4.We play happily.

4、（修饰动词） 5. I like math very much. （修饰动词）通常在形容词后加通常在形容词后加-ly变成副词。变成副词。slow _ real _usual _ careful_easy _ happy _heavy _ angry _lucky _ safe _ terrible_ true _slowlyusuallyeasilyheavilyreallycarefullyhappilyangrilyluckilysafelyterriblytruly下列词既是形容词又是副词下列词既是形容词又是副词如如: hard, late, early, far, near, alon

5、e, straight, fast等等 He works hard.(副词，努力地）副词，努力地） Its hard work. (形容词，难的形容词，难的)She is alone at home, but never feel lonely.She lives alone in Shanghai. (adv.)They stood there straight. (adv.)She has straight, black hair. (adj.)He is so early every day. (adj.)He gets up early every day. (adv.) 形容词，副词

6、原级用法形容词，副词原级用法 形容词原级可以被形容词原级可以被 very, quite, pretty, so, (much) too, rather(相当相当), enough(足够的足够的)等词的修饰等词的修饰 1) very 非常非常 This is a very interesting book. 这是一本很有趣的书。这是一本很有趣的书。 2) quite 相当相当 Its quite cold this morning. 今天早晨相当冷。今天早晨相当冷。 3) so 那么那么 You are so fast. 你那么快。你那么快。 4) rather 相当相当 I think you

7、re rather unkind not to stay. 我想你不留下来有点太不友善了。我想你不留下来有点太不友善了。 5) enough He is old enough to look after himself. 他足够大可以照顾自己了。他足够大可以照顾自己了。 2. 在在 as.as 和和 not so.as 的中间形容词常用原级的中间形容词常用原级 1) as.as 表示相等表示相等 This knife is as sharp as that one. 这把刀和那把一样锋利。这把刀和那把一样锋利。 He is as tall as I. 他的个子和我一般高。他的个子和我一般高。

8、2) not so.as, not as.as 表示表示不如不如 Hes not so clever as his brother. = His brother is cleverer than him / he. 他不像他的兄弟那么聪明。他不像他的兄弟那么聪明。 补充：补充： She isnt so beautiful as her sister. =She is less beautiful than her sister. 3)数词数词 +times +as +adj. +as 表倍数表倍数 The earth is 49 times as big as the moon. 地球是月亮的

9、地球是月亮的49倍那么大。倍那么大。大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。变化和不规则变化两种。 一、构成的规则变化构成的规则变化:1、单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加、单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加 - er 或或 - est e.g. cold colder coldest nice nicer nicest2、 重

10、读闭音节词末尾只有一个辅音字母时重读闭音节词末尾只有一个辅音字母时, 先双写这个先双写这个辅音字母辅音字母, 再加再加-er或或- est。 big bigger biggest thin thinner thinnest3、以、以“辅音字母辅音字母+ y”结尾的双音节词，先改结尾的双音节词，先改y为为i, 再加再加-er或或-est。 e.g. easy easier easiest happy happier happiest healthy healthier - healthest 4、多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加 more或或 most。 e.g. d

11、elicious more delicious most delicious interesting more interesting most interesting 注意：注意：1) 由形容词由形容词+ly 变化而来的副词变化而来的副词 要加要加 more, 或或 most 例如例如 happily more happily most happily slowly more slowly most slowly 2) 由分词转化过来的形容词由分词转化过来的形容词tired要加要加more或或most tired more tired most tired 不规则变化不规则变化 原级原级 比

12、较级比较级 最高级最高级 good/well better best bad / badly worse worst many / much more most little less least far farther(距离上更远距离上更远) farthest further(程度上更深程度上更深) furthest old older(更老更老/旧的，年龄更大的旧的，年龄更大的) oldest elder （年长的）（年长的） my elder sister 我姐姐我姐姐important _ _ easy_ _ wet_ _ happy_ _ careful _ _ thin _ _ g

13、ood_ _ hot _ _ easily _ _ many_ _ nice _ _ big _ _heavy_ _delicious_ _much_ _给出下列词的比较级和最高级给出下列词的比较级和最高级 more importantmost importanteasiereasiestwetterwettesthappierhappiestmore carefulmost carefulthinnerthinnestbetterbesthotterhottestmore easilymost easilymoremostnicernicestbiggerbiggestheavierheav

14、iestmore deliciousmost deliciousmoremost 三、用法：三、用法： 比较级比较级: 1、表示两者表示两者 (人或事物人或事物) 的比较的比较。 用用 A+ be +比较级比较级+than +B. e.g. I am taller than Tom. My dress is more beautiful than hers. 2、much, even, still, a little，a lot, (by) far修饰比较级修饰比较级 表示表示“得多得多”, “甚甚至至”, “更更”, “一些一些”。 This city is much more beauti

15、ful than before. Shes a little more outgoing than me. Its a lot colder today. 3、“比较级比较级and比较级比较级”意为意为“越来越越来越” 。多音节比较级用多音节比较级用“more and more形容词原级形容词原级”形式。形式。 The computer is cheaper and cheaper. 计算机越来越便宜计算机越来越便宜 The weather is getting colder and colder. 天气越来越冷。天气越来越冷。The girl becomes more and more be

16、autiful. 这个女孩长得越来越漂亮。这个女孩长得越来越漂亮。 The days become longer and longer. 天变的越来越长。天变的越来越长。 We are walking more and more slowly. 我们走得越来越慢。我们走得越来越慢。 4、“Which / Who is + 比较级比较级 , A or B？”比较比较A、B两事物两事物, 问其中哪一个较问其中哪一个较时用此时用此句型句型。 e.g. Which T-shirt is nicer, this one or that one?Who is more active, Mary or Ka

17、te? 5 表示主语随另一方的程度而变化时，用表示主语随另一方的程度而变化时，用“the +比较级（主语比较级（主语+谓语），谓语）， the +比较级（主语比较级（主语+谓谓语）语）”的结构。的结构。 例如：例如： The harder he works, the happier he feels. 他越努力工作越感到幸福。他越努力工作越感到幸福。 The higher we went up the mountain, the colder it became. 越往山的高处爬越冷。越往山的高处爬越冷。 The more they talked, the more encouraged th

18、ey felt. 他们交谈的越多，就越感受到鼓励。他们交谈的越多，就越感受到鼓励。 6） the+ 比较级比较级 + of the two. (两个之中比较两个之中比较的那一个的那一个) Tom is the taller of the two. = Tom is taller than the other boy. 汤姆是两个人中较高的一个。汤姆是两个人中较高的一个。 She is the more beautiful of the two sisters. 她是两姐妹中较美的一个。她是两姐妹中较美的一个。 He is the cleverer of the twins. 他是双胞胎中较聪明

19、的一个。他是双胞胎中较聪明的一个。 最高级最高级 1. 三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the + 形容词最高级形容词最高级” 的结构表示。的结构表示。 这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。 Zhang Hui is the tallest of the three. 张辉是三个人中最高的。张辉是三个人中最高的。 He works (the) hardest in his class. 他是班级中最用功的学生。他是班级中最用功的学生。 注意：副词的最高级注意：副词的最高级the通常省去。通常省去。 2）

20、Who / Which + be+ the +最高级最高级, A, B, or C ? Who is the tallest, Tom, Jack, or David? Tom, Jack与与David三个人中谁最高？三个人中谁最高？ Which is the most expensive, a bicycle, a motorcycle, or a car? 自行车，摩托车和汽车，哪一个最贵？自行车，摩托车和汽车，哪一个最贵？ 3） + be + one of the +最高级最高级 +复数名词复数名词, 表示表示最最的的之一之一。 The Yellow River is one of th

21、e longest rivers in China. 黄黄河是中国最长的河流之一。河是中国最长的河流之一。 4） + be +the + 序数词序数词 +最高级最高级 +单数名词单数名词 + 范围范围, 表示表示是是.的第几的第几。 She is the second tallest student in our class. 她是我们班她是我们班第二高的学生。第二高的学生。 比较级和最高级之间的转化比较级和最高级之间的转化 Tim is the tallest in his school. Tim is taller than any other student in his school.

22、 最高级可以和最高级可以和 比较级比较级+ than+ any other +单数名词单数名词 转换转换 小试身手小试身手 She is the most beautiful girl in her class. Ted runs fastest in our school.She is more beautiful than any other girl in her class.Ted runs faster than any other student in our school.1.The new building is higher than the old one.Those ap

23、ples are bigger than these ones.2.His shirt is more expensive than mine.如果主语是物主代词如果主语是物主代词+名词，那么后面要用名词，那么后面要用名词性物主代词。名词性物主代词。比较级必须在同类中进行，即人与人比，比较级必须在同类中进行，即人与人比，物与物比，而且比较结构前后的词语要对称，物与物比，而且比较结构前后的词语要对称，特别注意在特别注意在than或或 as 之后不要漏掉可能出现之后不要漏掉可能出现的替代词的替代词 that ，those, one ,ones. 3.Kate is more beautiful t

24、han Lily is. She is five years older than I am. I drink more tea than he (does).than前后句子的时态相同。通常用前后句子的时态相同。通常用be动动词、情态动词词、情态动词can, may, must, could, should和助动词和助动词do, does ,did, will，have等来简答。等来简答。4.I have more pens than you (do).many,much,little,few等词必须带名词。等词必须带名词。5.The city is one of the most beau

25、tiful cities in the world.one of+ the+最高级最高级+复数名词复数名词 Which/Who+ 比较级，比较级，A or B? Which/Who+ 最高级，最高级，A ，B or C?6.Who is older, Jim or Tom ? Who is the tallest, Jim , Mike or Tom 一）一） 写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式：写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式： long_ _ wide _ _ fat _ _ heavy_ _ slow _ _ few_ _ brightly_ _ badly _ _ far

26、_ _ quickly _ _ happy_ -_ tired _ _longer longestwider widestfatter fattestheavier heaviestslower slowestfewer fewestmore brightly most brightlyworse worstfarther/further farther/farthestmore quickly most quicklyhappier happiestmore tired most tiredExercises 选择填空：选择填空： 1 He feels _ today than yester

27、day. A. tired B. more tired C. more tireder D. much tired 2. Which do you like _, coffee, tea or milk? A. the worst B. worse C. the worse D. worst 3. Of the two toys, the child chose_. A. the expensive one B. one most expensive C. a least expensive D. the more expensive of them 4. The line is _ than

28、 that one. A. more longer B. not longer C. much more longer D. many more longer 5. The earth is _ the moon. A. as 49 times big as B. 49 times as bigger as C. 49 times as big as D. as big as 49 times 6. The book is _ of the two. A. thinner B. the thinner C. more thinner D. the thinnest 7. She looks _

29、 than she does. A. the more older B. very older C. much older D. more older 8. The garden is becoming _. A. more beautiful and more B. more beautiful and beautiful C. more and more beautiful D. more beautiful and beautifuler 9. They competed（比赛）（比赛） to see who could work _. A. the fast and best B. t

30、he faster and the better C. fastest and better D. faster and better 10._ hurry, _speed. A. More, less B. Much, little C. The more, the less D. The much, the little11. This kind of coffee is different _. A. and it is also better B. and better than the otherC. but also than others D. from the other, a

31、nd better12. If you want to be thinner and healthier, youd better eat _food and take _exercise.A. more, fewer B. more, less C. fewer, more D. less, more13. He is _of the two boys.A.tall B. taller C. tallest D. the taller14. Hes not so _as his brother.A. strong B. stronger C. the stronger D. the stro

32、ngest15. Mum, this T-shirt is much too small for me. Would you buy me a _one?A. good B. better C. large D. larger16. Which do you like _, tea or coffee?A. good B. better C. best D. the better （ ）17. He is one of in our country. A. the most popular singer B. the most popular singersC. the more popula

33、r singers D. most popular singers （ ）18. Which do you prefer, vegetables or fruit? I prefer fruit_vegetables.A. to B. than C. of D. and （ ）19. The weather in Beijing is asin Shanghai today. A. wetter than the weather B. wet as the weather C. wet than that D. wet as that19. This book isthat one.A. no

34、t so interesting B. more interesting thanC. as more interesting as D. interesting than20. I think maths is notEnglish.A. easier B. less easy C. easy D. so easy as不改变意思，改写下列句型不改变意思，改写下列句型This box is 12 kg. That box is 14 kg.This box is_than that one. That box is_than this one.I like chicken better th

35、an fish.I _chicken_ fish.lighterheavierpreferto 1）Mary is 10 years old. Lily is 12 years old. Mary is_ than Lily. Lily is_than Mary. 2）Lin Tao is the tallest boy in his class.Lin Tao is _ _any other_in his class. 3）Science is not so interesting as music.Science is_than music. Music is _than science.

36、youngeroldertaller than boymore boring / less interestingmore interesting用括号中形容词或副词的适当形式填空用括号中形容词或副词的适当形式填空1）This park is much_than that one. (beautiful)2）Im a_boy in the sun. (happy)3）Which book is _, yours or mine? (thick)4）My mother drives as _as my father. (good)5）Who is_than I, he or she? (old)more beautifulhappythickerwellolder 翻译句子：翻译句子： 1 这本书跟那本书一样有趣。这本书跟那本书一样有趣。 This book is _ _ _ that one. 2 你游泳没有你弟弟好。你游泳没有你弟弟好。You cant swim _ _ _ your brother. 3 今天比昨天冷的多。今天比昨天冷的多。It is _ _ today_ it was yesterday. 4 对这个故事比另一个激动