2017年浙江宁波大学翻译硕士英语考研真题

1、2017年浙江宁波大学翻译硕士英语考研真题Part I Vocabulary and Grammar (30 points: 20 for Section A, and 10 for Section B) Section A: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. 1. The direction

2、s were so _ that it was impossible to complete the assignment. A) ingenious B) ambitious C) notorious D) ambiguous 2. Because a degree from a good university is the means to a better job, education is one of the most _ areas in Japanese life. A) sophisticated B) competitive C) considerate D) superfi

3、cial 3. If a person talks about his weak points, his listener is expected to say something in the way of _. A) persuasion B) remedy C) encouragement D) compromise 4. Her interest in redecorating the big house kept her _ for a whole week. A) constrained B) dominated C) restricted D) occupied 5. If we

4、 _ our relations with that country, well have to find another supplier of raw materials. A) diffuse B) diminish C) terminate D) preclude 6. Ever since the first nuclear power stations were built, doubts have _ about their safety. A) preserved B) survived C) suspended D) lingered 7. This clearly show

5、s that crops and weeds have quite a number of _ in common. A) traits B) traces C) tracks D) trails 8. From science to Shakespeare, excellent television and video programs are available _ to teacher. A) in effect B) in practice C) in operation D) in abundance 9. When the Italian poet Dante was _ from

6、 his home in Florence, he decided to walk from Italy to Paris to search for the real meaning of life. A) exerted B) expired C) exiled D) exempted 10.Habits acquired in youth-notably smoking and drinking-may increase the risk of _ diseases in a persons later life. A) consecutive B) chronic C) critica

7、l D) cyclical 11. Please do not be _ by his bad manners since he is merely trying to attract attention. A) disregarded B) distorted C) irritated D) intervened 12.Craig assured his boss that he would _ all his energies in doing this new job. A) call forth B) call at C) call on D) call off13. Too much

8、 _ to X-rays can cause skin burns, cancer or other damage to the body. A) disclosure B) exhibition C) contact D) exposure 14.When confronted with such questions, my mind goes _, and I can hardly remember my own date of birth. A) dim B) blank C) faint D) vain 15.It is well known that knowledge is tha

9、t _ condition for expansion of mind. A) incompatible B) incredible C) indefinite D) indispensable 16. More than two hundred years ago the United States _ from the British Empire and become an independent country. A) got off B) pulled down C) broke away D) dropped off 17.Care should be taken to decre

10、ase the length of time that one is _ loud continuous noise. A) subjected to B) filled with C) associated with D) attached to 18. Some of the most important concepts in physics _ their success to these mathematical systems.A) oblige B) owe C) contribute D) object19.As your instructor advised, you oug

11、ht to spend your time on something _ researching into.A) precious B) worth C) worthy D) valuable 20.As a defense against air-pollution damage, many plants and animals _ a substance to absorb harmful chemicals.A) relieve B) release C) dismiss D) discard Section B: There are 20 blanks in the following

12、 passage. For each blank there are four choices marked, A, B, C, and D You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. In the nineteenth century, the invention of the telegraph made it possible t

13、o send noises, signals, and even music over wires from one place to another. (21)_, the human voice had never traveled this way. Many inventors tried to find a (22)_ to send a voice over wires, and in 1876 some of their (23)_ were crowned with (使圆满结束) success. Two American (24)_, Alexander Graham Be

14、ll and Elisha Gray, (25)_ at almost the same time. The United States (26)_ Court finally had to decide which of the two (27)_ the first inventor of the telephone. The Court decided (28)_ Bell's favor. Born in Edinburg, Scotland, Bell grew up in a family (29)_ was very interested in teaching peop

15、le to (30)_. His grandfather had been an actor who left (31)_ to teach elocution (雄辩 术); his father was a teacher who helped deaf-mutes learn (32)_ to speak. However, probably none of the (33)_ inventions gave Bell the same feeling of triumph (34)_ he had on the day (35)_ he spilled some acid from h

16、is batteries. It was after he had worked for months (36)_ he found ways to send something more (37)_ metallic twangs (“嘣”的一声) over the wires. Thinking Watson, his helper, was in the next room, Bell called, "Mr. Watson, (38)_. I want you." Watson was not in the next room. He was down in his

17、 laboratory, (39)_ to the receiver. To Watson's (40)_, he heard the words perfectly. He ran to tell Bell the news: the wires had carried Bell's voice perfectly. 21. A) Therefore B) However C) Still D) Furthermore 22. A) solution B) mean C) way D) aspect 23. A) affects B) profits C) effects D

18、) work 24. A) inventors B) discoverers C) producers D) researchers 25. A) succeed B) succeeding C) succeeded D) successful 26. A) Senior B) Supreme C) Superior D) Prior27. A) was B) were C) being D) is 28. A) at B) in C) to D) of 29. A) that B) where C) who D) when 30. A) talk B) speak C) tell D) sa

19、y 31. A) a theatre B) theatre C) the theatre D) one theatre 32. A) how B) what C) why D) which 33. A) later B) latter C) lately D) late 34. A) like B) as C) which D) just35. A) which B) when C) that D) how 36. A) that B) when C) which D) however 37. A) of B) to C) than D) for 38. A) come here B) com

20、e up C) go away D) go down 39. A) besides B) beside C) next D) near 40. A) dismay B) surprise C) regret D) amaze Part II Reading Comprehension (40 points: 2×20) Direction: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions. For each of them there are four choices m

21、arked A, B, C and D You are expected to make the best choice. Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage: Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal. But one insidious form continues to thrive: alphabetism. This, for those as yet

22、unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet. It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA Cars has a big advantage over Zodiac Cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. Less well k

23、nown is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zoe Zysman. English names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K.Thus the American president and vice-president have surnam

24、es starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bushs predecessors (including his father) had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even more striking, six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged (Berlus

25、coni, Blair, Bush, Chirac, Chrétien and Koizumi). The worlds three top central bankers (Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami) are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanese characters. As are the worlds five richest men (Gates, Buffett, Allen, Ellison and Albrech

26、t). Can this merely be coincidence? One theory, dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot sets in early. At the start of the first year in infant school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front, to make it easier to remember their names.

27、So short-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row, and is rarely asked the improving questions posed by those insensitive teachers. At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less individua

28、l attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly. The humiliation continues. At university graduation ceremonies, the ABCs proudly get their awards first; by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are literally having a ZZZ. Shortlists for job interviews, election ballot papers, lis

29、ts of conference speakers and attendees: all tend to be drawn up alphabetically, and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them. 41. What does the author intend to illustrate with AAAA cars and Zodiac cars? A) A kind of overlooked inequality. B) A type of conspicuous bias. C) A type

30、of personal prejudice. D) A kind of brand discrimination.42. What can we infer from the first three paragraphs? A) In both East and West, names are essential to success. B) The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zoe Zysman. C) Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies names.D) Some fo

31、rm of discrimination is too subtle to recognize. 43. The 4th paragraph suggests that _. A) questions are often put to the more intelligent students. B) alphabetically disadvantaged students often escape from class. C) teachers should pay attention to all of their students. D) students should be seat

32、ed according to their eyesight. 44. What does the author mean by “most people are literally having a ZZZ” (Lines 2-3, Paragraph 5)? A) They are getting impatient. B) They are noisily dozing off. C) They are feeling humiliated D) They are busy with word puzzles. 45. Which of the following is true acc

33、ording to the text? A) People with surnames beginning with N to Z are often ill-treated B) VIPs in the Western world gain a great deal from alphabetism.C) The campaign to eliminate alphabetism still has a long way to go. D) Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias. Questions 46 t

34、o 50 are based on the following passage: At the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, researchers are working on a project they call "the last book." This may sound bad to book lovers. After all, MIT devotes itself mainly to computers. Looking at a computer means reading a screen, which i

35、s decidedly not the way most people want to read a book, particularly the last one. Reading text on a computer screen is limiting and tiresome. You can't see where you are or how far you have to go. You can't turn the pages quickly without reading much to compare parts of the text or to see

36、what your eye finds freely. You can't comfortably carry a computer screen around with you, to bed, to the beach, or to the bathroom. You can't collect computer screens, or cover them beautifully, or place them on bookshelves in the way the English writer Anthony Powell described in his book.

37、 But hold everything! The news is far from bad. The book of the future described to me on a visit to MIT is really a book, just like any other. It has a cover that could be made of anything you want, and hundreds of pages you can turn one at a time or turn over quickly. The key to this book is somet

38、hing called electronic ink, or e-ink, which can be added to the page from within instead of by a press. It was developed by Joseph Jacobson, an assistant professor at MIT. As the capacity of the book's memory grows, whole libraries may be added. Jacobson predicts that this book is able to store

39、the entire U.S. Library of Congress, whose holdings number more than 17 million books. Yet the book would still have the familiar advantages of a book, Jacobson says. You could turn off its power and carry it anywhere. Jacobson greatly admires the usual book. "After all," he added, "i

40、f books had been invented after the computer, they would have been considered a big breakthrough. They run on very low power at a very low cost." Every book ever published in a single copy? Will this really happen? How soon could the last book be available? "A first model of it with just a

41、 few pages could be put together in two to three years, with one of 400 pages taking a year or two longer," Jacobson said. How much will it cost? Jacobson says the final book will probably sell for $2 to $4 for each reusable page or $500 to $1,000 for a book, although he is working on ways to r

42、educe costs further. Will books no longer equip a room? It looks as if they won't, though people will continue to collect old-fashioned books. 46. In the third sentence of Paragraph 2 the word "decidedly" means _. A) certainly B) importantly C) necessarily D) easily 47. One can imagine

43、 that in his book, the English writer Anthony Powell described a book as _. A) a thing of beauty B) a piece of bread C) a valuable thing D) a waste 48. The sentence "But hold everything!" in Paragraph 4 means "_". A) Please try to get everything B) Please don't not jump to co

44、nclusions C) Please have a look at everything D) Please control yourself 49. In what sense is the last book different from regular books? A) It has no pages. B) It has no ink. C) It can't be carried to whatever place you like. D) It has memory. 50. Which of the following is True according to the

45、 passage? A) The last book is much more expensive than a regular book. B) Regular books will be thrown away as garbage. C) The last book is no match for the regular book. D) Relatively, it takes a longer time to publish a last book Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage: The use of de

46、ferential language is symbolic of the Confucian ideal of the woman, which dominates conservative gender norms in Japan. This ideal presents a woman who withdraws quietly to the background, subordinating her life and needs to those of her family and its male head. She is a dutiful daughter, wife, and

47、 mother, master of the domestic arts. The typical refined Japanese woman excels in modesty and delicacy; she “treads softly in the world,” elevating feminine beauty and grace to an art form.Nowadays, it is commonly observed that young women are not conforming to the feminine linguistic ideal. They a

48、re using fewer of the very deferential “womens” forms, and even using the few strong forms that are know as “mens.” This, of course, attracts considerable attention and has led to an outcry in the Japanese media against the defeminization of womens language. Indeed, we didnt hear about “mens languag

49、e” until people began to respond to girls appropriation of forms normally reserved for boys and men. There is considerable sentiment about the “corruption” of womens languagewhich of course is viewed as part of the loss of feminine ideals and moralityand this sentiment is crystallized by nationwide

50、opinion polls that are regularly carried out by the media. Yoshiko Matsumoto has argued that young women probably never used as many of the highly deferential forms as older women. This highly polite style is no doubt something that young women have been expected to “grow into”after all, it is assig

51、n not simply of femininity, but of maturity and refinement, and its use could be taken to indicate a change in the nature of ones social relations as well. One might well imagine little girls using exceedingly polite forms when playing house or imitating older womenin a fashion analogous to little g

52、irls use of a high-pitched voice to do “teacher talk” or “mother talk” in role play. The fact that young Japanese women are using less deferential language is a sure sign of changeof social change and of linguistic change. But it is most certainly not a sign of the “masculization” of girls. In some

53、instances, it may be a sign that girls are making the same claim to authority as boys and men, but that is very different from saying that they are trying to be “masculine.” Katsue Reynolds has argued that girls nowadays are using more assertive language strategies in order to be able to compete wit

54、h boys in schools and out. Social change also brings not simply different positions for women and girls, but different relations to life stages, and adolescent girls are participating in new subcultural forms. Thus what may, to an older speaker, seem like “masculine” speech may seem to an adolescent

55、 like “liberated” or “hip” speech. 51. The first paragraph describes in detail _. A) the standards set for contemporary Japanese women B) the Confucian influence on gender norms in Japan C) the stereotyped role of women in Japanese families D) the norms for traditional Japanese women to follow 52. W

56、hat change has been observed in todays young Japanese women? A) They pay less attention to their linguistic behavior. B) The use fewer of the deferential linguistic forms. C) They confuse male and female forms of language. D) They employ very strong linguistic expressions. 53. How do some people rea

57、ct to womens appropriation of mens language forms as reported in the Japanese media? A) They call for a campaign to stop the defeminization. B) The see it as an expression of womens sentiment. C) They accept it as a modern trend. D) They express strong disapproval. 54. According to Yoshiko Matsumoto

58、, the linguistic behavior observed in todays young women _. A) may lead to changes in social relations B) has been true of all past generations C) is viewed as a sign of their maturity D) is a result of rapid social progress 55. The author believes that the use of assertive language by young Japanese women is _. A) a sure sign of their defeminization and maturation B) an indication of their defiance against social change C) one of their strategies to compete in a male-domi