高考动词专题复习Word版

1、动词专题复习(一)动词的定义：表示动作和状态的词。有时态、语态、语气3种形式的变化。从含义上分，可分为实义动词（及物动词和不及物动词）、联系动词、助动词和情态动词4类。动词的基本形式有4种：原形、过去式、现在分词、过去分词。1. 过去式和过去分词。（1）规则变化例举：work, close, study, stop, travel (2) 不规则变化例举：hurt, let, dig, buy, see, catch2. 现在分词的构成：eat use get die travel3. 动词第三人称单数形式：play fix fly （二）动词分类：类 别意 义例 句实义动词含有实在的意义,表

2、示动作或状态,在句子中能独立作谓语。She has some bananas. 她吃些香蕉。They eat a lot of potatoes. 他们常吃土豆。Im reading an English book now.我现在正看一本英文书。连系动词本身有一定的词义,但不能独立作谓语,必须和表语一起构成谓语。His father is a teacher.他父亲是教师。Twins usually look the same.双胞胎通常看起来一样。The teacher became very angry. 老师变得很生气。助动词本身没有词义,不能独立作谓语,只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词,

3、用来表示否定、疑问、时态、语态或其它语法形式,助动词自身有人称、单复数和时态的变化。He doesnt speak English. 他不说英语。We are playing basketball. 我们在打篮球。Do you have a brother? 你有兄弟吗？情态动词本身有一定的意义,不能独立作谓语,只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词,表示说话人的语气和情态。情态动词没有人称和单复数的变化,有些情态动词有过去式。You can keep the books for two weeks.这些书你可以借两个星期。May I smoke here? 我可以在这儿抽烟吗？We must go

4、now. 我们现在得走了。（三）动词常用的时态有以下几种：1.一般现在时：通常表示经常发生的或习惯性的动作或目前的状态。2 / 6e.g. I am a teacher. He gets up early every day.2.一般过去时：表示过去发生的动作或状态。e.g He came here yesterday.3. 现在进行时：表示现在正在进行的动作或已经在发生的事情。e.g. The girls are reading magazines.4. 一般将来时：表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。e.g. He will be back in a few days.5. 一般过去将来时：表

5、示从过去某时看将要发生的动作或将要存在的状态。e.g. Lily said there would be a concert that evening. 6. 过去进行时表示过去某个时间正在发生的动作。e.g. She was reading a novel when I came in.7. 现在完成时：表示过去发生对现在来说产生一种影响的动作或情况。e.g. We have cleaned our classroom.（教室已经被打扫，是干净的）8. 过去完成时：表示在过去某一时间之前已经发生的动作或状态。e.g. By yesterday evening he had written t

6、hat letter. Amy had learned English for 5 years before she came to our school.9. 现在完成进行时：表示从过去某时起一直不断地持续到现在（说话时）的动作，此动作可能还在进行，也可能刚刚完成。e.g. He has been living there since 1970. （他现在还住在那里）（四）动词的语态：动词的语态有主动语态和被动语态2种。被动语态由“助动词be+过去分词”构成。除助动词be外，get, become亦可+过去分词，形成被动语态的意义。e.g. She was unhappy because s

7、he didnt get invited to the party.特殊形式的被动语态：1) 有些名词在want, need, require和形容词worth后形式为主动，意义为被动。E.g. The room wants cleaning. The film is worth seeing a second time.2) 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。常见的这类动词有： clean, sell, look, write, read, wash, feel, open, weigh, measure等。e.g. These books sell well. This pen writes

8、 well. This kind of cloth washes easily. The door wont open.练习：将下列主动语态改为被动语态句子。1. He sent the girl out for some envelopes.2. The teacher made Tom answer it again.3. The doctor gave me some medicine.4. They say that he is an honest man. (两句)5. We made him our monitor.选择题：1. An awful accident _, howev

9、er, occur the other day.A. does B. did C. has to D. had to 2. The weather _ rainy for a few days.A. looked B. turned C. became D. continued3. Her mothers hair has _ grey.A. gone B. come D. grown D. seemed4. The supply of petrol is _ short.A. going B. running C. getting D. becoming5. All morning as s

10、he waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness _.A. has grown B. is growing C. grew D. had grown6. Ive won a holiday for two to Florida. I _ my mum.A. am taking B. have taken C. take D. will have7. Youve left the light on. - Oh, I have. _ and turn it off.A. Ill go B. Ive gone C. I

11、 go D. Im going8. How are you today? - Oh, I _ as ill as I do now for a long time.A. didnt feel B. wasnt feeling C. dont feel D. havent felt9. My uncle _ until he was forty-five.A. married B. didnt marry C. was not marrying D. wouldnt marry10. The price _, but I doubt whether it will remain so.A. we

12、nt down B. will go down C. has gone down D. was going down11. -Hi, Tracy, you look tired.- Im tired. I _ the living room all day.A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted12. Shirley _ a book about China last year but I dont know whether she has finished it.A. has written B. wro

13、te C. had written D. was writing13. Is this raincoat yours? - No, mine _ there behind the door.A. is hanging B. has hung C. hangs D. hung14. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests _ when he _ at the party.A. left; had arrived B. left; arrived C. had left; had arrived D. had left; arrived15. My

14、 brother _ while he _ his bicycle and hurt himself.A. fell; was riding B. fell; were riding C. had fallen; rode D. had fallen; was riding16. Who sings best in your school? - Wei Fang _.A. has B. does C. is D. doing17. Will you go to the museum tomorrow?-I will if I _ no visitors.A. have B. will have

15、 C. shall have D. am having18. I wonder if he _ the job.A. takes B. will take C. would take D. took19. Wheres Professor Li?-He _ Australia and he will give us a talk when he _ back.A. has been to; comes B. has gone to; will comeC. has been to; will come D. has gone to; comes20. I _ you were here.A.

16、dont know B. not know C. didnt know D. wasnt know21. She _ her lessons from seven to nine last night.A. did B. had done C. was doing D. has been doing22. A new cinema _ here. They hope to finish it next month.A. will be built B. is built C. has been built D. is being built23. Cleaning women in big c

17、ities usually get _ by the hour.A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay24. -_ the sports meet might be put off.- Yes, it depends on the weather.A. Ive been told B. Ive told C. Im told D. I told25. I need one more stamp before my collection _.A. has completed B. completes C. has been completed D. is compl

18、eted26. Every possible means _, but none proves successful.A. has tried B. has been tried C. is being tried D. tried27. I promise that the matter will _.A. be taken care B. be taken care of C. take care D. take care of28. The classroom _ 9 meters long.A. measures B. is measured C. has D. has length29. Id like to buy that coat. Im sorry _.A. its sold B. it has sold C. its selling D. it had been sold30. He found his book this morning, but now he _ his pen.A. loses B. lost C. has lost D. had lost31. The foreign guests _ here almost a week.A. have arrived B. have been C. have reached D. ha