读写任务说明文写作导练

1、读写任务说明文写作导练一说明文概要模板a. 现象揭示类：This article points out the common phenomenon -（主题), which.（补充解释）.b. 利弊对比类：The article compares the disadvantages/ benefits of A and B. Awhile BThe passage discusses the impact(影响)of sth. On the positive side, but it may also.c. 研究显示类：The study reveals(揭露) thatThe purpose

2、 of the report is to show that二说明文的概括方法：主题概括法 / 段意合并法 写作方法：抓住关键句：文章第一段和各段第一句。（所谓关键句主要是一些主题句即中心句）对现象分析型说明文，要找出“现象”“造成这种现象的原因”“解决这种现象或问题的措施或建议”。例1：The article points out the common phenomenon-Internet shopping, which offers great convenience. People can buy many things on the Internet including common

3、 products, information products and even services.例2：The passage mainly tells us what table manners are. By showing readers some different table manners in different countries,  the passage  reminds people to value table manners.例3：The passage shows that nowadays boys tend to perform worse

4、 than girls in all aspects in school, which is known as the “boy crisis”. Experts suggest that same-sex schooling may be a possible solution to the problem. 三实战演练 （1）You may not be very familiar with” ecotourism”- a new term in todays tourism industry- but in an area of growing environmental co

5、nsciousness, it is not too difficult for us to imagine and work out the meaning of this new form of holiday. Ecotourism is typically defined as travel to places where the unique flowers, plants, animals and the cultural heritage are the primary attractions. It is considered as a kind of responsible

6、tourism which seriously takes ecology and culture into consideration. Therefore, programs involving the conservation and preservation of some natural and cultural sites also form a part of ecotourism. Ecotourism is developing at great speed. According to a report by the World Tourism Organization, e

7、cotourism in recent years has enjoyed an annual growth of about 5% worldwide. Over 80 activities have been listed for education, such as bird watching, hiking, diving, photography, mountaineering and participating in various kinds of local cultural events. Although big cities are still the major pla

8、ces that absorb tourists in our society today, it looks like some smaller towns and rural areas rich in ecological, cultural and historical resources may well become the new destinations for people to visit tomorrow.Find out the topic and expositions in the passage:说明对象 说明对象的解释 a.b.c.d.Sum

9、mary: （2）Eye care is an important factor in all of our lives. Without eyes, we seem to be able to do nothing. But, what can we do to take care of eyes? Firstly, we should eat healthy foods. Secondly, dont sit before a computer screen or TV for too long time and take regular rest at intervals so as t

10、o relax the eye muscles. Thirdly, having enough sleep is the best rest for eyes. Besides those notices, you should be aware of some threats to eyes in daily lives. Excessive exposure to bright sunlight is harmful to eyes, therefore, when going out, especially in summer time, put on a pair of qualifi

11、ed sunglasses. Stay away from smoking. Some ingredients in cigarettes are carcinogenesis(致癌的). Last but not least, take regular medical examines to check out the potential eye disease and prevent its deterioration(退化). Eyes are the most important sense organs and one should use proper eye care produ

12、cts to avoid further irritations (刺激)and ensure longevity at ease.Find out the topic and expositions in the passage:说明对象 说明对象的解释 a.b.c.d.Summary: 四2013广州二模读写任务阅读下面短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。The serious decline in the health of Chinese students is causing concern among parents, schools and exp

13、erts. The next generation's future is in danger and there is a need to understand the causes of the problem and find a solution. In the last 10 years, studies have found an alarming increase in:Obesity The number of overweight middle school students has doubled. Poor diet, especially the overeat

14、ing of junk food and the overdrinking of soft drinks, and the lack of physical activity are identified as the main reasons for this problem.Poor eyesightMore students now wear glasses and from an earlier age. Long hours of study and heavy use of computers and mobile phones are most commonly blamed.S

15、tressStudents feel under more pressure to succeed than ever before. The long hours of study and homework they must do to achieve success, plus pressure from parents and schools are the main causes. Some have suggested including Physical Education (P. E.) in the Gaokao as a possible solution to

16、students' health problems. They say this will force students to be more active, play sports and therefore lose weight. Others, however, oppose the idea, saying that adding one more test to the Gaokao would only increase students' workload and stress and would actually worsen their overall he

17、alth. Although there is no easy answer, all agree that something must be done to stop the serious decline in students' health.【写作内容】1以约30个词概括这段短文的内容；2然后以约120个词就“健康与学习”的话题进行写作，内容包括：    (1)你是否赞成体育加入高考及原因；    (2)健康与学习的关系；    (3)你认为还有什么方式可以帮助学生提高身体素质

18、。【写作要求】1在作文中可以使用自己亲身的经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；2作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。【评分标准】    概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。参考范文：概述一 This passage lists some of the causes for the decline of Chinese students'  health and discusses one possible solution to the problem including P.E. in the Gaokao

19、.(W;27)概述二 Students' health has become worse and worse, such as obesity, poor eyesight and stress. It causes concerns among people. Some suggest including P.E, in the Gaokao, to solve the problem, while others are opposed.(W;34)概述三 The decline of the Chinese students' health causes concerns

20、among people. Although not all agree to the solution to include P.E, in the Gaokao, all think measures should be taken to prevent the decline.(W;34)In my opinion, it's unreasonable to include P.E. in the Gaokao. While students may spend more time doing physical exercise to prepare for the t

21、est, this doesnt mean they will improve their health. On the contrary, additional test pressure and excessive exercise may make their health worse. Moreover, its unfair to students born with health problems and to those not gifted in sports.It is often said that “a healthy mind needs a healthy body.

22、” With good health, you have enough energy to perform at your best. I think the core issue however is how to get students healthier. Besides a test, I think schools should do things such as stop selling the soft drinks and junk food, as well as give students less homework and more time for outdoor a

23、ctivities. 例2：2013年韶关市高考模拟测试（一）  读写任务（共1小题，满分25分）阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。       A young man was slapped in the face until he bled because he didnt offer his seat to a woman with a baby on a bus in downtown Hangzhou. Later he was proved to be a disabled pe

24、rson.    In a series of cases nationwide, we see people being beaten for refusing to give up their seats on public transport, which seems to be a moral problem about correct behavior and self-sacrifice.     People with moral deficiency (who dont give up their seats

25、 to deserving people) can be condemned, but they dont deserve to be treated with violence because they offend moral values and not laws. In comparison, the attackers behave worse.    The attackers regard relying on violence as their only choice if people ignore their appeals to give u

26、p their seats. It seems they start a shout or a fight for the sake of justice, but can they still think of their personal intention when they call violence justice?    This “violent justice” can confuse many people and encourage them to do the same, especially when we are overpowered

27、by illogical mood.    If cruel and rude acts are rooted in childrens hearts, society will never step into civilization. The practice violates common values, neither solving problems nor safeguarding civilized society.【写作内容】1、以约30个词概括短文的要点。2、以约120个词谈谈你对这一事件的看法，内容包括：1）读完这则新闻，你有什么感受？2）假如

28、你是车上的一名乘客，你会怎样做？3）就如何创建和谐社会提出你的建议。【写作要求】你可以使用实例或其它论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不要抄袭阅读材料中的句子。【评分标准】概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。   第 82 篇    读写任务（韶关一模）       The news is about a young disabled man attacked on a bus for not offering his seat to a wom

29、an with a baby, which leads a debate about who is right and who is wrong.现象（事件），引起的议论。 说明文 说明的对象/ 观点/ 现象 解释/ 分述 现象，原因、结果（好的或危害），解决办法， 说明文 说明的对象/ 观点/ 现象 解释/ 分述 说明文的概述规律现象/观点，原因、结果（好的或危害，产生的社会反响）；解决办法；呼吁；观点（作者）或人们的看法。提出观点的目的。 范文研读分析感悟例3：第6篇   读写任务

30、（优化卷1）- 出国旅游要举止文明  对出国旅游时我们应该注意什么进行议论。内容包括：   With the rapid growth of tourism and a lag in quality of domestic tourists, China is launching a campaign to improve its tourism and overseas image.现象，解决办法 例4：第15篇  读写任务（双语报第5 期）     Advertising can help incre

31、ase the sales of products. The more frequently a certain product appears in advertisements, the more famous it becomes. Therefore, the author thinks that powerful advertisements mean high sales.现象/观点，原因、结果（好的或危害），解决办法例5：第4篇   读写任务（优化卷2）     People often blame things on

32、their destinies.  In fact, according to the author, it is your attitude and character, rather than destiny, that determine your life.  Besides, the author advises us to seek every chance of "good luck" to enjoy life and not worry about destiny. 观点，解释/ 分述，建议/呼吁例6：第12篇  双

33、语报第三期     读写任务  内容包括:  (1)简述青少年与父母顶嘴的情况;  (2) 列举这些情况所带来的不良影响；（3）青少年摆脱这种情况的重要性和做法。       Teenagers want to be independent but fail to express themselves, ending up with talking back or showing disrespect. Children's talkin

34、g back often makes parents feel hopeless and helpless. Parents should offer support to guide their children properly. (W:37)现象，原因、结果（好的或危害），解决办法第25篇     读写任务（周报18期）   The passage tells us that the art collection market in China is active now, but it is filled with fake

35、products, which has a very bad effect on our domestic market.现象，原因、结果（好的或危害）。第31篇  第二节  读写任务(第四次摸底湛江上期）   A hospital advertisement appearing in the text books made parents angry and caused a heated discussion/argument. Though the creator of the advertisement explained the illustration is not an ad for a hospit