第二章 船体结构

1、GM 4000 HULL Date: 13.12.2006 Page: 1 of 8Title: Outline Specification MAIN GROUP 2 Rev.: BMARACCTABLE OF CONTENTS目录2 HULL AND STRUCTURE (船体结构). 2 20. Hull materials, general hull work(船体材料，一般船体工作). 221. Pontoons(浮码头). 422. Columns(支柱). 524. Main deck(主甲板). 525.Superstructure, deck houses and helide

2、ck(上层建筑，甲板室和直升机甲板). 526. Hull outfitting(船体舾装). 527. Material protection(涂装) . 628. Material protection, internal(内部涂装). 72 HULL AND STRUCTURE(船体结构)20. Hull materials, general hull work(船体材料，一般船体工作)201. Hull materials, general hull work(船体材料，一般船体工作)All materials shall be class approved, and accordin

3、g to class approved Drawings .所有的材料, 图纸都要得到船级社认可。Yard shall provide full traceability as well as material certificates for any piece of material used in the hull or superstructure as required by class. Fabrication and hull work shall be according to class requirements and standards.船厂要提供船体和上层建筑所需的每一

4、块材料必须提供船级社材料证明书。制作和船体工作要依照船级社需求和标准来实施.Builders shall pay attention to secure proper alignment of structural parts during construction and assembly.在建造和装配的过程中施工人员要注意结构部分稳定性的问题。Tolerances required by class are to be complied with. i.e: 公差范围必须遵照船级社的i.e分级Plainness of unstiffened plate.自由板架Straightness o

5、f plate stiffeners.直板上的扶强材Misalignment of plate edges.未对准板的边缘Misalignment of girders, stiffeners etc.未对准的梁, 扶强材等Builder shall ensure that class approved welding procedures and materials are used for all welding.施工人员在焊接过程中保证焊接工艺和焊接材料，并得到船级社认可。All workmanship entering into the construction shall be of

6、 good quality in all respects, with special care being exercised throughout critical joints.在建造中加入工艺才能保证好的质量，尤其要注意贯穿板架的那些板缝。The plating is to be fair, smoothly and tightly fitted, and without excessive buckles, depressions and uneven edges.要进行电镀的板一定要保证干净、光滑，还一定要保证合适的尺寸，不能有过大的弯曲，凹陷和边缘变形。Fitting prior

7、 to welding is to be according to class requirements and Standards.焊前准备工作要按船级规范和要求来制定。Repairs necessary to comply with class requirements are to be done according to class requirements.修补必须遵守船级社规范.Electrical-arc welding shall be used throughout the GM-4000-Ds structure.在整个GM-4000-D的结构上使用电弧焊。All weld

8、ing shall be in accordance with applicable Classification Bodyand Regulatory Bodies requirements.所有的焊接要满足船级社规范。The Builder shall submit to the Owner a complete set of welding procedures and welding qualification tests, as required by the Classification Body. This submittal shall be made prior to com

9、mencement of construction.按照船检的要求，船东要在船厂进行一次完整的焊接程序和焊接资格考试。这些事情安排在建造开始之前。The Builder shall ensure that approved welding procedures and welding qualification tests are to be used by all subcontractors, as required by the Classification Body. This submittal shall be made prior to commencement of const

10、ruction.船厂要确定所有的转包商使用被认可的焊接程序和焊接资格考试。这些事情安排在建造开始之前。Welding shall reflect Builders preferred practice in accordance with classrequirements. 船厂首选的方法是焊接法，它是否与船级社规定一致。 Generally welding shall be performed by use of the Following processes:通常焊接有以下几种方法：GTAW Gas Tungsten Arc Welding钨极氩弧焊FCAW Flux Cored Arc

11、 Welding 药芯焊丝电弧焊SMAW Shielded Manual Arc Welding手工电弧焊SAW Shielded Arc Welding埋弧自动焊All welding shall be performed by qualified Classification Body approved welders'. This shall also apply to subcontracted work. All stiffeners, brackets and girders attached to the inside of tanks for liquid servic

12、e , as well as forming part of structure in the vicinity of open tanks containing corrosive materials, shall be attached by double continuous fillet welding. Continuous welding shall be provided for the purpose of sealing all areas that are exposed to weather in the finished structure. Areas, which

13、are not accessible for painting, shall be sealed off by single side continuous welding.所有的焊接工作都要由有资格的船检认可的焊工来完成。这些也适用于转包合同。与相邻的装腐蚀材料开口舱室部分结构的焊接方法相同，所有液态舱室内的型材，肘板和纵绗都要进行连续双面焊。一些完整结构中会有暴露在空气中的部位，连续焊可以用来把这些区域整体密封起来。不易涂装的区域要用单面连续焊密封起来。The size of the tack weld shall be sufficient to support the members

14、andResist shrinkage and distortion during the initial phase of the welding.在焊接的最初阶段，点焊的尺寸要足够承载焊件和抵抗它的收缩变形。Welding consumables and preheat temperature shall be the same as for themain weld. A detailed WPS shall be established for the purpose of tackwelding if, the tack welding is incorporated in the

15、main weld and qualifiedwelders shall weld it. Qualified welders or tack welders, qualified to AWSD1.1 or equivalent shall perform tack welding.定位焊的焊接材料和预热温度要与正式焊接时保持一致。如果对以进行定位焊的焊缝还要进行正式焊接，就需要按照WPS里的规定来进行定位焊，需要有资格的电焊工来做这项工作。要按AWS D1.1的标准来选择电焊工，或具有同等的焊接能力。All electrodes to be used for steel construct

16、ion welding shall be approvedby the Classification Body. Storage and handling of welding consumablesto be in accordance with the manufacturers recommendations and Builders approved procedures.钢结构焊接中使用的所有的电极都要由船检认可。储存和使用焊条都要符合生产厂商的说明书，并且要按照船厂被认可的焊接程序。Surface defects may be repaired by grinding, provi

17、ded the thickness is notreduced by more than 7% of the nominal thickness, or 3 mm, whichever isleast. The defective area shall be ground smooth and 100% checked with magnet particle testing (MPI).可以用打磨的方法来消除表面的缺陷，但要保证打磨掉的不要超过板厚的7%或不要超过3 mm。有缺陷的部位要被打磨光滑，用100%的MPI检测。Defects deeper than 7% or 3mm shall

18、 be repaired by welding. No repairing is needed for slight surface defects (<0.2 mm in depth).打磨掉的超过板厚的7%或超过3 mm的地方要用焊接来修补缺陷。微小的表面缺陷（深度小于0.2 mm）可以不必进行修补Repair welding may be performed according to the original weld Procedure, provided the essential variables have not been changed, in which case a

19、 new weld procedure shall be established.如果基本的参数没有改变的话，可以按最初的焊接工艺来进行补焊，否则就要制定新的焊接工艺。In weather exposed area, bolts on Carbon steel components shall be hot dip galvanized. 对于暴露在空气中的部位，碳素钢部件上的螺栓必须经过高温镀锌处理。Dimensions less than 12 mm shall be of stainless steel types SUS316, NV316 or equal. Bolts on sta

20、inless steel components shall be stainless steel.尺寸小于12mm的螺栓要用不锈钢SUS316, NV316 或者其他同类型的。不锈钢部件上的螺栓需要是不锈钢材料的。Otherwise bolting shall be in accordance with Builders practice.其他处的螺栓型号根据施工人员的经验确定。Wherever the material protection for steel parts is specified as galvanized,it shall always be understood as

21、hot dip galvanized, including the bolts,otherwise stainless steel material shall be used. 金属零件的保护，包括螺栓，应该详细说明。如镀锌，通常认为是高温镀锌。否则要用不锈钢材料No electric galvanizing shall be accepted.电镀锌是不被认可的。The insulation material shall be of a non water-absorbing type in weather exposed area.暴露在空气中的绝缘材料应选用不吸水的类型。Carbon

22、steel under insulation shall be painted. Stainless steel shall not bepainted under insulation.绝缘层以下的碳素钢需要喷涂，不锈钢不用喷涂。203. Sandblasting, shop priming(喷砂除锈，打底漆)Builder shall ensure that materials are adequately protected duringprocurement, storage and fabrication. 船厂应确保原材料在储存和建造过程中得到充分的保护。Some formatio

23、n of rust during fabrication may be accepted, but the rust grade shall be within the limits of ISO 8501-1 grade B or equivalent.在建造过程中有些生锈，但是锈蚀的程度在ISO 8501-1 B级或等效的极限允许范围内，是可以接受的。All steel plates shall be free from rust and primed with 25my shop primerbefore used in fabrication.在建造之前所有的钢板必须进行除锈并且打25

24、my的底漆。All welds to be spot blasted to SA 2.5 and primed with 25my shop primer. 所有的焊缝打磨到SA 2.5并且打上25my的底漆。Prior to grand block assembly, all blocks shall be blasted to SA 2,5 and painted in accordance with this technical specification.在分段大合拢之前，所有的分段应按照此技术规格书进行打磨至SA 2.5和喷涂。204. Testing of tanks, bulkh

25、eads etc(舱室，舱壁等的密性试验)All tanks shall be tested according to class requirements.所有的舱室应按照船级规范进行测试。All bulkheads shall be tested and inspected according to class requirements.所有的舱壁都要按照船级规范进行试验和检查。Possible leaks to be repaired by welding and retested. 用焊接修补可能存在的漏洞并重复试验。All tests shall be repeated until

26、no leaks are observed. 所有试验要重复进行直到没有漏洞被发现。All testing of tanks and spaces must take place and shall be carried out as agreed with the Classification Body. 所有舱室和隔断的试验的进行必须由船检同意执行。The outside surface of tanks and spaces must be dry and clean prior to testing.在测试之前舱室和隔断的外表面一定要干燥清洁。205. X-ray, UT, MPI a

27、nd other NDT(X射线，超声波，磁微粒和其他无损探伤)Welds of structural steel are to be subject to Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) as the construction work proceeds. Testing is to be carried out applying suitable methods such as visual inspection, radiographic,magnetic particle, ultrasonic etc.钢结构焊接的无损探伤可以随着结构的建造同时进行。检查可

28、以应用合适的方法进行，如：肉眼观察，X光成像，磁粉，超声波等。The extent of testing shall be in accordance with the Classification Bodysrequirements. NDT is to be reported and all essential control parametersare to be given, and shall be available to the Owner.All NDT operators shall be certified according to Class Bodys requirem

29、ent or equivalent certification scheme accepted by Owner.检查的范围必须满足船检的要求。无损探伤必须记录并且提供基本的控制参数，以备接受船东的询问。所有无损探伤操作人员的鉴定必须满足船级社的要求或者船东认可的同等级的证明。21. Pontoons(浮码头)For details see drawings.详见图纸22. Columns(支柱)For details see drawings. 详见图纸24. Main deck主甲板For details see drawings. 详见图纸25. Superstructure, deck

30、 houses and helideck(上层建筑，甲板室和直升机甲板)251. Superstructure(上层建筑)The superstructure may be built up as a part of the main structure.上层建筑可以算做主体结构的一部分。Heli-deck support structure to be of round or square tubing. For layout seedrawings.直升机甲板用圆形或方形的结构支撑。见图纸。26. Hull outfitting( 舾装)261. Draught marks, loadli

31、ne, name and port of registry( 吃水标志，载重线，船名和港籍)The unit shall be marked with draught marks visible from main deck on allColumns, Loadline marks as required, as well as name and port of registry.船体所有的柱子都要在主甲板可以看见的位置按要求标上吃水标志，载重线，以及船名和港籍。GM 4000 Hull call sign shall be marked on both sides, forwards an

32、d aft, aswell as on the helideck.GM 4000船的船名标志应该标记在船的两舷，首尾端以及直升机甲板。262. Drain,bottom plugs, sea chests, manholes, weather tight covers(流水孔,放泄旋塞，海底阀箱，人孔，密闭舱盖)No drain or bottom plugs to be installed in the shell plating. No manholesin shell plating below lowest waterline to be installed.外板上不设置排水孔和放泄旋

33、塞。在最低水线以下不设置人孔。There shall be one sea chest in the pump rooms, on each side for the ballastsystem.压载系统的每一个侧面的泵机房里都会有一个海底门。There shall be one sea chest in the pump rooms, on each side for the firepump.消防泵的每一个侧面的泵机房里都会有一个海底门。There shall be one sea chest in the pump rooms, for the SW cooling systemand

34、general system.SW冷却系统和常规系统的泵机房里都会有一个海底门。There shall be one sea chest in each of thruster rooms.每个推进器室有一个海底门。Sea chests to be fitted with venting and drain by drilling holes in shellplate at the sea chest box corners.通过在海底门的弯角处钻孔可以排出污水。Manholes to be according to NS 6261 ,NS 6262 or 6263.Where flush

35、manholes are required; NS 6264 or 6265. Weather tight hatches to be according to NS 2742 or NS2743按照NS 6261 ,NS 6262 or 6263安装人孔。按照NS 6264或6265来安装平板式人孔盖。按照NS 2742或NS2743安装风雨密盖。262. Chain pipes(锚链管)Each chain locker shall be fitted with a chain pipe leading the chain tobelow the anchor winches on twe

36、en deck.每个锚链舱都要安装锚链管来引导锚链到中间甲板之间的起锚机下部。263. Foundations( 基座)Rigid foundations shall be made for all machinery, equipment, spare parts and other equipment as required.所有的机器和设备都配备刚性基座，其他部位和设备根据要求也会配备。The foundations will be arranged in a way to obtain the sufficient support from stiffeners, girders et

37、c. The foundations shall be arranged with sufficient access for drainage and maintenance as practicable/possible.基座的安装要用型材，纵桁等加强。要尽可能安排足够大的空间以备流水和维修用。266. Ladders and rails(梯子和栏杆)Access ways, openings, ladders, rails, etc shall be designed and fabricatedin accordance with regulation and class.上船通道，入

38、口，梯子，栏杆等等的设计和制作与规范相一致。Builders standard to be in accordance with regulations as stated in Main Group 0.船厂标准要与第0章的建造规定一致。Rails and stanchions shall be fitted on the upper deck and each accommodation deck, except the area where bulwarks shall be arranged.Spacing of stanchions and rails as specified in

39、 relevant rules.除舷墙外,上甲板及每层居住甲板处要设置栏杆和支柱。支柱和栏杆的间距会在相应的规定中详细说明。27. Material protection (涂装)271. Lower parts of hull(船体以下)Hull below transit waterline to be sand blasted to SA 2,5 and coated with 1x 125my FC Mastic Al, 1 x 125my FC Mastic, 2 x 100my FC Antifouling.船体水线以下冲砂打磨至SA 2,5并且涂上一层125my FC Masti

40、c Al漆,一层125my FC Mastic漆，二层100my FC 防污漆.272. Upper parts of hull(船体以上)Hull above transit waterline to be sand blasted to SA 2.5 and primed with1 x 125my FC Mastic Al, 1 x 125my FC Mastic orange, 1 x 50my TC Polyurethane orange. 船体水线以上船体冲砂打磨至SA 2.5并打底漆，一层125my FC Mastic Al漆,一层125my FC Mastic 橙色漆,一层50

41、my TC橙色聚亚安酯漆.All hull markings to be dressed up in white polyurethane.船体表面的所有标记都要喷涂白色聚亚安酯油漆。273. Weather decks(露天甲板)All weather decks to be sand blasted to SA 2.5 and primed with 1 x 125myFC Mastic Al, 1 x 125my FC Mastic gray, 2 x 50my TC PolyurethaneDeck Paint gray.所有的露天甲板冲砂打磨至SA 2.5并打底漆，一层125my F

42、C Mastic Al漆, 一层 125my FC Mastic灰色漆, 一层50my TC灰色聚亚安酯甲板漆.274. Equipment on weather decks(露天甲板上的设备)All equipment to be cleaned and painted with 1 x 125my FC Mastic Al, 1x 125my FC Mastic orange, 1 x 50my TC Polyurethane orange.所有的设备都要打扫干净，喷涂一层125my FC Mastic Al漆，一层125my FC Mastic橙色漆，一层 50my TC橙色聚亚安酯漆。

43、275. Deck houses/superstructure(甲板室/上层建筑)To be sand blasted to SA 2.5 and primed with 1 x 125my FC Mastic Al,1 x 125my FC Mastic orange, 1 x 50my TC Polyurethane orange.冲砂打磨至SA 2.5并打底漆，一层125my FC Mastic Al漆，一层125my FC Mastic橙色漆，一层50my TC橙色聚亚安酯漆。276. Galvanizing(镀锌)Galvanizing of equipment and fittin

44、g to be hot dip galvanized according to a GB 13912-1992 or equivalent recognized standard.设备的电镀和高温镀锌要依照GB 13912-1992或者等价的公认的标准。278. Cathodic protection external(表面阴极保护)Hull below transit waterline shall be fitted with anodes suitable for 15years service. All anodes shall be covered before painting.

45、The yard shallpresent calculations made by anode supplier, to document 15 years of lifetime. Anodes shall not be covered by paint or coating.低于设计水线的船体要安装阳极，保证15年的使用寿命。所有的阳极在喷涂之前应该遮盖。船厂要有阳极供应商提供的计算书，证明可以使用15年。阳极不应该被涂料和保护层覆盖。28. Material protection, internal(内部涂装)281. Rooms in accommodation, stores(居住

46、甲板和储藏室的房间)Exposed areas to be cleaned, all welds to be spot blasted to SA 2.5,priming by 1x 100my Mastic FC, 1x 50my Polyurethane TC.暴露区域要清扫干净，所有的焊缝打磨至SA 2.5并打底漆，一层100my Mastic FC漆，一层 50my TC聚亚安酯漆。Bulkheads and roofs to be white, decks to be light grey.舱壁和天花板要喷成白色，甲板涂淡灰色。All areas behind panels to be cleaned and all welds to be spot blasted to SA 2.5, priming by 2x 100my Mastic FC of any colour.板的反面清扫干净，所有的焊缝打磨至SA 2.5并打底漆，任意颜色二层 100my Mastic FC漆。282. Pump rooms, engine rooms, access ways(泵机室，机舱，通道)To be cleaned, all welds to be spot blasted to SA 2.5, priming by 1x125my Mastic Al