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1、第三部分 专题一 第三讲 数词和冠词1.对冠词的习惯用法是近五年来高考考查的重点之一。2冠词的活用是近五年高考的难点,如:形容词比较级,最高级前的冠词问题,序数词前加不定冠词或定冠词的区别。3不用冠词,即零冠词的特殊情况。 42011年高考将继续把冠词表泛指或特指的用法作为考查重点,而冠词的活用,如序数词前加不定冠词或定冠词等用法,仍会成为2011年高考考查的难点。1(2011·陕西质量检测)in xi'an, although there is a good public transport system, _ private car is still becoming _

2、 popular means of transportation.a不填;the bthe;acthe;the da;不填解析:考查冠词。第一空,定冠词用在单数可数名词前面表示类别,即“私家车”;第二空用不定冠词,泛指“一种受欢迎的交通方式”。答案:b2(2011·郑州第二次质量检测)obama, _ president of the usa, won _ nobel prize for peace in 2009.a不填;a b不填;theca;the dthe;a解析:考查冠词。chairman, president等表示独一无二的头衔、职位的名词用作补足语、表语或同位语时,其前

3、面通常不加冠词。另外,由普通名词构成的专有名词前一般要加定冠词。综上所述,本题选b。答案:b3(2010·河南示范性高中五校4月联考)what i wnat to do most is to have _ quite interesting book, and _ time to enjoy it.aa; the bthe; thec不填;the da;不填解析:a quite interesting book“一本相当有趣的书”,用不定冠词表泛指;第二空用定冠词the特指“欣赏这本书的时间”。答案:a4(2010·江西五校联考)appointed as _ ambassa

4、dor to the un, he was determined to serve his country _ heart and soul.a/;/ bthe;thecan;the dthe;a解析:考查冠词。表示独一无二的头衔、职位的名词用作表语、补语以及同位语时,应使用零冠词;heart and soul是固定结构,意为“全心全意地”,应使用零冠词。答案:a5(2010·唐山二模)we drank _ tea and made some small talk in _ kitchen.aa; the bthe;ac不填;the dthe;不填解析:考查冠词用法。tea是不可数名

5、词,而且此处表示的是泛指,所以前面不加冠词;第二个空格处指的是双方都知道的那个厨房,因此用定冠词。答案:c6(2010·成都第二次诊断)_ chengdu you see today is _ different city from what it used to be.athe;a b/;theca;the dthe;/解析:考查冠词用法。句意:你今天看到的成都市与昔日迥然不同。you see today是定语从句,所以前一个空格处是特指;后一个空格处所要表达的意思是“一座不同的城市”,是泛指,用不定冠词a。答案:a7(2010·宝鸡教学质检)during the cam

6、p trip, children were fascinated by _ wonders of _ nature.a/;/ b/;thecthe;/ dthe;the解析:考查冠词。第一空处指在宿营中看到的那些大自然的奇观,应该用定冠词表特指;第二空不用冠词,因为抽象名词nature, society,space等前常不带任何冠词。答案:c8(2010·江西十所重点中学模拟)did you see _ english teacher?i saw him at _ work in the office just now.aan;/ bthe;acthe;/ dthe;the解析:考查

7、冠词。第一空用the,特指双方都知道的那个英语老师;at work是固定词组,意为“在上班,在工作”。答案:c9(2010·南昌模拟)some of the exercises appear to be _ ones that you have done, but after taking _ second look, you will find that they are different.a/;the bthe;thecthe;a d/;a解析:考查冠词。句意:有些试题看起来似乎是你已做过的,但是再一看,你会发现它们是不一样的。第一个空后的ones有定语从句修饰,故是特指;ta

8、ke a second look“再看一眼,重新审视”,是固定搭配,故第二空用a。答案:c10(2010·河南毕业班调研)in america, if_ friend has invited you to drop by anytime, it is _ best to call before visiting to make sure it is convenient for him.aa;a  bthe;aca;/ dthe;/解析:考查冠词用法。前一个空格处是泛指;形容词的最高级作表语不表示与其他人或物相比时,前面不用定冠词。答案:c11(2010·唐山模拟

9、)the 21st winter olympic games were successfully held in _ city of vancouver, _ big city in canada.aa;a   bthe;aca;the dthe;the解析:考查冠词的用法。句意:第21届冬奥会在温哥华成功举办,该市是加拿大的一座大城市。前一个空格处特指温哥华,后一个空格处是泛指。答案:b12(2010·5月西城检测)what do you think about _ dress in the shop window?oh,it's beautiful.y

10、ou may give it to linda as _ birthday present.aa;a bthe;aca;the dthe;the解析:考查冠词的用法。第一空表特指橱窗里的那一件,所以要用定冠词the;第二空泛指一件礼物,所以要用不定冠词。答案:b13(2011·哈尔滨检测)there was _ accident yesterday.a car hit a tree and _ driver was killed.aa;the ban;theca;a dan;不填解析:本题考查冠词用法。第一空中泛指一次车祸,而且accident首字母读音是元音音素,故用不定冠词an;

11、第二空特指车上的司机,故用定冠词the。所以b项正确。答案:b14(2011·山东胜利油田一中模拟)it is still believed that _ graduate from _ well­known university is more likely to find a job.aa;a ba;thecthe;a dthe;the解析:句意:人们相信从一所著名大学毕业的毕业生更好找工作。两空都表泛指,所以都用a表任何一个。答案:a15(2011·河南郑州测试)the students were studying in _ classroom when,a

12、ll of _ sudden,the lights went out.a/;/ ba;thecthe;a dthe;/解析:句意:那些学生正在教室学习,这时突然灯灭了。根据题干中的the students可知学生是特指的,由此可推知教室也应是特指的,故第一空用定冠词;all of a sudden为固定习语,相当于suddenly。由此可见答案为c项。答案:c.单项填空1(2011·保定调研)the united nations set _ deadline for that country to accept _ peace plan.athe;the bthe;aca;the d

13、a;a解析:考查冠词。set a deadline确定一个最终期限,第二个空特指双方都知道的和平计划,故用the。答案:c2(2010·北京东城区期末)because _ unemployment is very high at present, it's not easy for a fresh graduate to find _ satisfying job as he wishes.athe;/ b/;acan;a dan;the解析:考查冠词。unemployment是抽象名词,前面不用冠词。job是可数名词,用不定冠词泛指“一份令人满意的工作”。答案:b3(201

14、1·西安质量检测)as we all know, it is really _ convenience to have _ hospital in a community.athe;a b/;aca;a d/;the解析:考查冠词。句意:众所周知,在一个社区里有一所医院确实是一件很方便的事情。convenience表示抽象概念“方便”时为不可数名词,表示“令人方便的事物”时为可数名词,根据语意可知第一空填a;医院为可数名词,此处表泛指,故第二空也填a。答案:c4(2011·重庆联合诊断性考试)have you seen _ umbrella i put here this

15、morning?is it _ black one? it is in the corner of our office.athe;a   ban;acthe;the dan;the解析:考查冠词。第一空后由于有定语从句修饰,表示特指,故用the;第二空处泛指“一把”黑色的伞,故用a。答案:a5(2011·江西六所重点中学联考)haven't you met each other at _ party?yes, but i can't remember whether it is _ christmas when we were in college.aa;

16、the bthe;aca;a da;/解析:考查冠词。从句意看,第一空处的party表示没有具体所指的“聚会”,“你们以前没有在聚会上见过面吗?”party前加a;第二空处的节假日名词前本不加冠词,但语境表示“我们读大学时的一个圣诞节聚会”,因此用不定冠词。答案:c6(2011·南昌调研)i wonder what it feels to be one of _ really rich. the browns already have two rolls royce and now they are buying _ third.athe;a bthe;thec/;a d/;the解

17、析:考查冠词。第一空填定冠词the,the rich“富人”;第二空填不定冠词a,a third在这里表示拥有两辆汽车后再买一辆。答案:a7(2010·成都二模)it's often less expensive to buy goods in _ quantity,but you'd better examine _ quality before buying them.a/;the bthe;/ca;the dthe;the解析:句意:大宗购物经常不是很贵,但在购买之前你最好检查一下(你要买的商品的)质量。in quantity大量地,很多;第二空后的qualit

18、y表示特指,故用定冠词。答案:a8(2010·北京五中模拟)to make _ matters worse,mr.green lost his job last year.so the family are struggling to make _ ends meet.a/;the bthe;/c/;/ dthe;the解析:句意:更糟糕的是,格林先生去年丢了工作,所以一家人勉强度日。to make matters worse为固定短语,意为“更糟糕的是”;make ends meet“量入为出,使收支相抵”,也是固定词组。答案:c9(2010·南京第二次模拟)we wor

19、k together to achieve our common purpose:_ world that is safer,cleaner and healthier than _ one we found.athe;the ba;不填ca;the dthe;不填解析:考查冠词的用法。第一空表示泛指,用不定冠词;第二空后面由we found限定,表特指,用定冠词。所以这里选c项。答案:c10(2010·海南五校联考)as it turned out,_ 2010 world expo in shanghai was _ success.a/;a bthe;/cthe;a da;a解

20、析:考查冠词。第一空处特指2010年上海世博会,应用定冠词the;第二空后的success是抽象名词具体化,应用不定冠词a,故答案为c。答案:c11(2010·杭州市第二次教学质量检测)i got _ bad toothache yesterday,which kept me awake _ whole night.aa;the b不填;acthe;a da;不填解析:考查冠词。get a toothache“牙疼”,是固定用法,而整个晚上(whole night)是特指昨天晚上,因此应该使用定冠词。句意:我昨天牙疼得厉害,整晚没睡。答案:a12(2010·苏锡常镇四市教学

21、调查)china is _ vast country which is home to _ amazing variety of landscapes,plants and animals.athe;the ba;thecthe;an da;an解析:考查冠词的用法。第一空表示“中国是一个样的国家”,是泛指的概念,因此填不定冠词;第二空是固定短语a variety of,只是在variety前面加上了形容词amazing修饰它。因此答案选d。答案:d13(2010·东北三省四市联考)anyone in mind for this position?what about jack?he

22、 may be a good friend,but business is business.he is not _ man for _ job.aa;a bthe;theca;the dthe;a解析:考查冠词的用法。第一空是泛指的概念,因此用不定冠词;第二空是特指这份工作,用定冠词。故答案是c。答案:c14(2011·青岛市联合模拟)stay a bit longer,please.it's been such _ fun having you here.thank you,but i've got _ early start tomorrow morning.a

23、/;the ba;anc/;an dthe;an解析:考查冠词。此题中fun为不可数名词,前面不用冠词。an early start“早起”。句意:“再呆一会儿吧,有你在这里太有趣了。”“谢谢,但明天早上我还要早起呢。”答案:c15(2011·济南模拟)having _ no­meat day would be a good way of encouraging _ low­carbon lifestyle.aa;the ba;acthe;the dthe;a解析:考查冠词的用法。第一空用不定冠词修饰no­meat day表示“不吃肉的一天”;第二空表示

24、“一种低碳的生活方式”,表示泛指,所以这里选b项。答案:b16(2010·3月济南模拟)play,often seen as _ activity for kids,is still important in _ development of teenagers.athe;the ban;thecan;/ dthe;/解析:考查冠词。句意:玩耍通常被认为是孩子们的一项活动,对青少年的发展还是很重要的。an activity一项活动,表泛指;in the development of在的发展(过程中),表特指。答案:b17(2011·潍坊教学质量抽样监测)why do you

25、 eat all the vegetables but leave _ meat untouched?i'm on _ diet.aa;the bthe;thec不填;a dthe;a解析:考查冠词。句意:“你为什么吃了所有的蔬菜而不动肉呢?”“我在节食。”第一空特指双方都知道的“meat”,故用the;第二空on a diet“节食”,是固定搭配。答案:d18(2010·湖南十二校第二次联考)if we expect _ much cleaner world,we should attract _ world's attention to protect the w

26、orld.aa;a ba;不填ca;the dthe;不填解析:考查冠词。第一空为泛指,指“一个更加干净的世界”;第二空world前通常用定冠词。因此答案是c。答案:c19(2010·湖南师大附中)we all hold _ belief that those who have _ wonderful sense of humor are more popular.athe;a b/;/cthe;/ da;the解析:句意:我们都认为那些有强烈幽默感的人更受欢迎。belief后是同位语从句,第一空用the表特指;第二空a sense of humor (幽默感)为常用搭配。答案:a2

27、0(2010·江西六校联考)the driver was at _ loss when _ word came that he was forbidden to drive for speeding.aa;the b/;/cthe;the da;/解析:句意:当由于超速驾车而被禁驾的消息传来时,那位司机感到不知所措。at a loss为固定习语,意为“不知所措,困惑不解,亏本”;word 作a piece of news,message(消息,信息)讲时,与零冠词连用。故选d。答案:d.写作周计划第一周记叙文(2010·重庆第二次调研)假设你叫李华,请你根据下面提示,给你的英国笔友jackie写一封电子邮件,介绍2010年冬奥会上夺得3块金牌的我国短道速滑运动员王濛的情况,并谈谈你对她的看法。1王濛,女,25岁,黑龙江人;210岁开始滑冰训练;3人生格言:永不放弃。生词:短道速滑short­track speeding skating注意:词数100左右,开头和结尾已给出,但不计入总词数。dear jackie,i'm glad to tell you something about o

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