高三英语大一轮复习Book8Unit3Inventorsandinventions单元知识对点练含解析新人教版

1、unit 3inventors and inventions.单项填空 1with the advances of technology, plastics have taken the place of many_materials.aconventional boptionalcartificial dpotential答案a解析考查形容词辨析。conventional传统的，常见的。句意为：随着科学的进步，塑料产品已经代替了传统的材料。optional可选择的，随意的；artificial人造的，仿造的；potential潜在的，可能的。 2the sound of the happy

2、laughter_memories of his childhood.acalled up bcalled onccalled for dcalled in答案a解析考查短语辨析。call up使想起，使回忆起。句意为：幸福的笑声勾起了他对童年的记忆。call on号召；call for要求；call in召集，招来。 3why did bob cry?he couldnt bear_like that before the whole class.amaking fun of bbeing made fun ofcto be laughed at dbeing made fun答案b解析动词

3、bear后跟v.­ing形式作宾语，且此处应该使用被动形式。 4listen！do you hear someone_for help? (2010·湖南，21)acalling bcallcto call dcalled答案a解析考查非谓语动词。该空在句中为非谓语动词作宾补，根据someone与call的主动关系排除d项。hear后接不定式作宾补时应省略to，由此排除c项。由listen可判断此处表示正在求救，故选a项。 5a_identification card is required when you purchase foreign money from the

4、bank of china.avalid bperfectcbeneficial dflexible答案a解析考查形容词辨析。句意为：当你从中国银行购买外汇时，需要有效身份证。perfect完美的；beneficial有益的；flexible灵活的，均不符合句意。valid有效的，符合句意。 6the manager isnt in at the moment; would you like to_later?aring down bring offcring up dring back答案d解析考查动词短语辨析。前句提到，经理现在不在，紧接着说：请您过一会再打好吗？由此可知，这里是让对方过一

5、会再打电话，因此用ring back，意为“打回电话”。 7its ten years since the scientist_on his lifes work of discovering the valuable chemical.amade for bset outctook off dturned up答案b解析考查动词短语辨析。句意为：自从这位科学家开始他终生为之奋斗的发现重要化学元素的工作到现在已有十年了。make for向移动，促成；set out开始，着手；take off脱下，起飞；turn up出现，(把声音等)开大。由句意可知，此处缺少的意思应为“开始”。 8the s

6、port then was a little different from_we currently know as gymnastics.athat bwhatcwhich dwhere答案b解析考查名词性从句的引导词。引导一个名词性从句并作know的宾语，所以用what。 9after that，he knew he could_any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability.(2010·浙江，12)aget away with bget on withcget through dget across

7、答案c解析句意为：(经历过)那件事以后，他知道只要他尽自己所能就能处理任何紧急情况。to the best of尽所能；就的限度。get away with携潜逃，(做了坏事)逍遥法外；get on with进展，相处；get through通过，完成；get across过(马路、桥等)，使(人)了解自己的意思。由句意可知，c项为最佳选项。10at what age are children able to distinguish_right and wrong?aamong bduringcwith dbetween答案d解析考查固定短语distinguish between.and.。1

8、1some newspapers_the results as proof that global warming wasnt really happening.aput on bseized onccarried on dhold on答案b解析考查动词短语辨析。put on穿上，贴上；seize on意识到某事物而立即加以利用；carry on继续；hold on坚持。根据后面的the results as proof可知，此处应选b项。12hard_my brother studied, he wasnt qualified enough for a good university.aa

9、lthough bwhilecwhen das答案d解析考查连词。句意为：尽管我弟弟学习很用功，但是没有进入一所好的大学学习。该句中副词hard提前，使用了一个倒装结构，所以只能用as。although和while也可以引导让步状语从句，但是没有倒装这一用法，故选d。13we dont often see each other but keep in touch with each other by sending e­mails_.ahere and there bsooner or latercat one time dnow and then答案d解析now and then有

10、时，偶尔。句意为：我们不常见面但是有时发电子邮件保持联系。here and there到处；sooner or later迟早；at one time一度，过去有一段时间。14_，i believe，and you will find tom is very outgoing.ahaving a talk with the studentbone talk with the studentcgiven a talk with the studentdif you have a talk with the student答案b解析本句属于“名词and陈述句”结构。15the employee y

11、ou had been thinking highly _ dishonest.aof proving bof provedcof to prove dof being proved答案b解析you had been thinking highly of是定语从句，修饰employee，而proved是谓语动词，主语为employee。.阅读理解the global population is living longer，and getting older，which presents new challenges.“the question becomes：who will take car

12、e of everyone?while people will always be the best caregivers for people，there just arent enough people.thats where robotic technology can really make a difference，”says professor maja mataric at the university of southern california.her group is developing robots to work with stroke (中风) patients a

13、nd elderly people.the research team has found that people react well to a robot gym instructor，and seem to get less frustrated with it than with instructions given on a computer screen.the robot can act as a perfect trainer，with infinite(极大的) patience.“people say things like i prefer this robot to m

14、y husband！can i take it home?” according to professor mataric.“in fact theres a really important point here.as we create these care giving technologies，were helping not only the people that need the care，but also the people caring for them.we can give them a break，and help them avoid burnout.”people

15、 are going to have to like，and importantly trust robots before they welcome them into their homes，and several groups around the world are working on making it easier to communicate with them.much of human interaction(交流) takes place through body language.gestures，eye contact and concepts of personal

16、 space are all things that robots are being taught.in learning about how people interact with machines，researchers are also discovering new roles for robots in our lives.robots can communicate with humans in ways that other technologies can not.“if someone finds the robot to be more persuasive and m

17、ore reliable，thats going to affect how they interact with it，”says dr cynthia breazeal，director of the personal robots group at the massachusetts institute of technology.“we can now start to think about fields where its the social interaction，which is the main means by which a robot helps someone.”

18、dr breazeal says that means robots could be used in education，learning，and health care，where social support is important. 1professor maja mataric mainly focused on robots function of _.ateaching bexploringcgiving care dmaking things答案c解析细节理解题。根据第一、二段可知，professor maja mataric重点谈论的是机器人未来在护理方面的应用。 2why

19、 can robots be wonderful trainers in the gym?abecause they are more clever.bbecause they are more patient.cbecause they cost less money.dbecause they give correct instructions.答案b解析细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，机器人之所以可以成为完美的健身房教练是因为，它有极大的耐心。 3the underlined word “burnout” in paragraph 3 probably means “_”afeeli

20、ng tired bfeeling angrycgetting hurt dbecoming disappointed答案a解析词义猜测题。上句说明机器人不但可以帮助被护理者，而且给护理者也带来帮助，这样就可以让护理者获得休息。由此判断，机器人可以帮助他们避免疲惫不堪，故a项正确。 4what is dr cynthia breazeals attitude towards the robots future?adoubtful. buncertain.cnegative. doptimistic.答案d解析推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，dr cynthia breazeal认为，未来的机器人

21、可能更加具有说服力、更加可靠，可能用于教育、学习以及医疗保健等领域。由此可以推知，她对机器人的未来是持乐观态度的。.阅读填空when a parent marries again，it can be tough on children，but its especially tough when the new marriage comes with new stepbrothers and stepsisters.1._or you might feel that these new stepchildren are replacing you altogether.how can you d

22、eal with this challenging situation?understand that the presence of these new people in the house doesnt have anything to do with you.the stepparents and stepsiblings(继兄弟或继姊妹) are most likely just as nervous about the new living situation as you.2._get to know these new family members.they will most

23、 likely be a part of your life for many years to come，so develop a good relationship with them.3._4_honest and open communication can help everyone get used to this new living situation.stay out of their way.sometimes these new stepparents and stepsiblings are a nightmare to deal with.in that case，j

24、ust avoid their presence as much as possible.if you face them，it can only lead to turmoil(骚动) and make your life tougher.5_sometimes its better to get professional help and seek the advice of a person who can listen to your concerns about the new living situation.ayou may find you have many things i

25、n common with them.bask an expert for advice.ctalk to them about how you feel.dbe kind to your stepparents and stepsiblings.eas a child，you might feel like you are losing your place within the family.flearn to give up some unfriendly ideas.gthey may also act out these feelings of insecurity in diffe

26、rent ways.答案1.e2.g3.a4.c5.b.短文改错like most of my classmate，i have neither brothers nor sistersin any other words，i am an only child.my parents love me dearly of course and will do all they can make sure that i get a good education.they did not want me to do any work at home；they want me to devote all my t