新概念第二册lesson 45 A clear conscience

1、Revision1. go through the forest2. take the risk to do sth. 3. be at risk4. risk ones life 5. have a picnic6. at the edge of 7. on the edge of8. competitive edge 9. be in ones possession10. take a deep breath 11. be out of breath12. the contents of the bag 13. be content with sth. 14. be content to

2、do sth.15.a contented person16. need mendingA clear conscience 问心无愧问心无愧Lesson 45I lost a I lost a large sum large sum of money.of money.What should we do when we lost money.Someone must have ? my money.The lostlostandandfoundfoundNew words and expressionsNew words and expressions 生词和短语生词和短语1.clear a

3、dj. kli1.clear adj. kli (1)adj.(1)adj.晴朗的晴朗的, , 清澈的，明亮的；清澈的，明亮的；透明的玻璃透明的玻璃_ _ 清澈的湖水清澈的湖水_晴朗的天空晴朗的天空_ _ 干净的脸干净的脸_有着明亮眼睛的孩子有着明亮眼睛的孩子_(2)adj.(2)adj. 易懂的易懂的clear explanation clear explanation 清楚的解释清楚的解释clear understanding clear understanding 清楚的理解清楚的理解(3)(3)(良心良心) )无愧的，不内疚的无愧的，不内疚的相关短语：相关短语：(1)be clear

4、about (1)be clear about 清楚清楚.e.g.He is not entirely clear on how he will go e.g.He is not entirely clear on how he will go about it.about it.(2) do sth with a clear conscience. 问心无愧的做某事I can look back on things with a clear conscience. I did everything I could. 我可以问心无愧地回首过去，我已经尽力了。v. (1)飞越，跨越clear t

5、he mountains 飞越山脉clear=get over=fly over (2)打扫，清理 =clean (3)为.扫清障碍clear the way for .The director is fired today, which clears the way for her promotion in the company.2.conscience n. 2.conscience n. kkn nnsns 良心，道德心良心，道德心俚语：俚语：不做亏心事，不怕鬼敲门不做亏心事，不怕鬼敲门A clear conscience never fears midnight knocking.A

6、 clear conscience never fears midnight knocking.常见短语：常见短语：have a clear consciencehave a clear conscience问心无愧问心无愧have a guilty conscience about sth. have a guilty conscience about sth. 对对.愧疚愧疚/ /有愧于心有愧于心e.g.e.g.I had a guilty conscience about not telling her the truth.I had a guilty conscience about

7、not telling her the truth.have no consciencehave no conscience没良心没良心= =conscienceless adj. 没良心的search ones heart/search ones consciencesearch ones heart/search ones conscience扪心自问扪心自问e.g.e.g.Search your conscience and ask yourself if you are clear.Search your conscience and ask yourself if you are c

8、lear.3.wallet n. 3.wallet n. wlit 皮夹，钱夹皮夹，钱夹purse purse 女士用的小钱包，小钱袋女士用的小钱包，小钱袋e.g.e.g.They were knocked to the ground, beaten senseless They were knocked to the ground, beaten senseless and robbed of their wallets.and robbed of their wallets./virtual wallet/google wallet谷歌钱包mobile wallet手机钱包4. savin

9、gs n.4. savings n.sevz 存款存款, ,储金，储蓄额（通常指储金，储蓄额（通常指银行存款）银行存款） a savings bank a savings bank 一个储蓄银行（只办有利息存款的银行）一个储蓄银行（只办有利息存款的银行）Her savings were in the Her savings were in the Post Office Savings Post Office Savings Bank.Bank.( (邮政储蓄银行邮政储蓄银行) )a savings account a savings account 一个储蓄账户一个储蓄账户.5. villa

10、ger n. 5. villager n. vilid村民村民village n.village n.村，村庄村，村庄 a fishing village a fishing village 渔村渔村 village lifevillage life乡村生活乡村生活 the villagethe village村民村民( (集合说法）集合说法）eg.The whole village is going to welcome the eg.The whole village is going to welcome the visitor.visitor.world-country-provinc

11、e/nation-city-town-villageworld-country-province/nation-city-town-village-er-er通常指的是职业通常指的是职业reporter,reader,teacher,writer,manager,leader,bakreporter,reader,teacher,writer,manager,leader,baker,producer,player,farmer.er,producer,player,farmer.6. per cent 6. per cent psent百分之百分之 (Br.) (Br.) percent (

12、Am.) percent (Am.)seven percentseven percenta 20 percent discount a 20 percent discount 打打8 8折折a thirty percent increasea thirty percent increase增加百分之三十增加百分之三十eg: 我百分之百同意。我百分之百同意。 I am 100 per cent in agreement .注意：含有注意：含有percent 的句子中的谓语动词是由的句子中的谓语动词是由percent后后面的名词决定的，可数名词复数用复数，不可数名词用单面的名词决定的，可数名词复数

13、用复数，不可数名词用单数。如：数。如：More than 40 percent of the students More than 40 percent of the students wearwear glasses. glasses.Nearly 70% of the money Nearly 70% of the money waswas supplied by the supplied by the government. government. First read the text and then answer the question.快速读课文，然后回答以下问题。快速读课文，

14、然后回答以下问题。 How did Sam get his money How did Sam get his money back?back? The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost. Sam Benton, the local butcher, had lost his wallet while taking his savings to the post office. Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of

15、the villagers, but it was not returned to him. Three months passed, and then one morning, Sam found his wallet outside his front door. It had been wrapped up in newspaper and it contained half the money he had lost, together with a note which said: A thief, yes, but only 50 per cent a thief! Two mon

16、ths later, some more money was sent to Sam with another note: Only 25 per cent a thief now! In time, all Sams money was paid back in this way. The last note said: I am 100 per cent honest now!Ask and answer:1. What had been lost in the village ？2.Who lost the money?3.Sam was sure that the wallet mus

17、t have been found by one of the villagers, but was it returned to him?4.How long did the money begin to return back ?5.How much money was contained in the newspaper? 6.Was all the money returned back?1The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost.主从复合句，主从复合句，that引导宾语从句，主句用一般过

18、去时态，引导宾语从句，主句用一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去时态（过去完成），试改写：从句用相应的过去时态（过去完成），试改写：The whole village soon learns that a large sum of money lost.（1）village在这里为总称，指在这里为总称，指“村民村民”，the whole village指指“全村的人全村的人”，后面通常跟单数动词（有时也，后面通常跟单数动词（有时也可视为复数）可视为复数） eg:这消息使全村的人兴奋。这消息使全村的人兴奋。The whole village was excited by the news.（2）lea

19、rn做及物动词表示做及物动词表示“学习，学到学习，学到”We learnt from each other and learnt a lot about American culture and customs. learn做不及物动词表示做不及物动词表示“获悉获悉”，“得知得知” learn of/about+n. learn that +句子句子we learn of the project deeply after the activity.Ive just learnt that she was ill.(3) a large sum of money had been lost.被动

20、句someone had lost a large sum of money.有人丢了一大笔钱sum表示数额，主要用来修饰钱。a large sum of money一大笔钱a small sum of money 一笔小钱翻译：A large sum of money has been raised for the Project Hope. I”m sure a large number of poor children can benefit from the project.Sam Benton, (the local butcher), had lost his wallet whi

21、le taking his savings to the post office. 简单句。简单句。1. the local butcher当地的屠户，做当地的屠户，做Sam Benton的同的同位语，对前者的身份做了解释说明。位语，对前者的身份做了解释说明。 the butchers肉店肉店at the butchers 在肉店在肉店go to the butchers 去肉店去肉店2. 在在when, while, after, before引导的时间状语从句中，引导的时间状语从句中，当主句和从句主语一致时，可以省略从句主语，直接用当主句和从句主语一致时，可以省略从句主语，直接用”引导词引

22、导词+v.ing形式形式”。还原：还原：while he was taking his savings to the post office。e.g.做完作业以后，他开始听音乐。做完作业以后，他开始听音乐。如果是主语不一致则必须用从句：如果是主语不一致则必须用从句：我打扫房间，他在听音乐我打扫房间，他在听音乐He listened to music while I was cleaning the room.3. take sb./sth. to sp. 带某人带某人/物去某地物去某地Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by on

23、e of the villagers，but it was not returned to him(含有宾语从句的复合句含有宾语从句的复合句)1. be sure of sth. 确认确认. be sure that 从句从句 确认确认.A lot of people think that its better to buy expensive things so that they can be sure of wheir good quality. be sure to do sth. 肯定做某事肯定做某事Anyone who goes food shopping without a li

24、st is sure to forget the things they really need.2. must do表示对目前状态的肯定猜测表示对目前状态的肯定猜测e.g.Its working time. He must be in the office. must have done表示对过去发生事情的肯定猜测。表示对过去发生事情的肯定猜测。e.g.When I arrived, he wasnt here. He must have left early.3. find +n+adj : 发现发现.为为.eg.I found my cat asleep in my bed.eg.Aft

25、er a long search,we found the boy safe and sound.(安然无恙）安然无恙）find+n+adv /prep 发现发现.在某地在某地eg.You find penguins in the Antarctica.eg.Cherry trees are found in the most parts of Japan.find +n 发现发现/找到找到4. return sth. to sb. =give sth. back to sb.把把.还给某还给某人人 sth. be returned to sb. =sth. be given back to

26、sb.某某物被还给某人物被还给某人Three months passed, and then one morning, Sam found his wallet outside his front door.1.three months passed=after three months 强调时间慢慢的过去了，Sam苦等了三个月，终于有消息了。2. one morning 一天早晨 注意前面不加介词3. find+n+adv /prep 发现发现.在某地在某地outside 在在.外面外面inside 在在.里面里面It had been wrapped up in newspaper and

27、 it contained half the money he had lost, together with a note which said:A thief, yes, but only per cent a thief!1.Wrap （1）v.包裹(wrapped,wrapped) eg.The girl wrapped up he Christmas gift. eg.He wrapped himself up in a blanket. （2）V.把.缠绕，把包裹住 eg.He wrapped a scarf around his neck. eg.She wrapped a ba

28、th towel around the baby.sb. be wrapped up in全神贯注于=pay full attention to.eg.He was wrapped up in watching TV.2.it contained half the money （he had lost）定从 我们既可以说 half the money= half of the money，它们可以互相替代，但是money前都必须有the，因为是指特定的钱。再如：这面包有一半已变质了。Half the bread/ half of the bread was bad.Half（1）half,al

29、l ,both均称为前限定词，位于其他限定词均称为前限定词，位于其他限定词（my,her,these,those等）之前，这时等）之前，这时of可省略。可省略。 eg.She spends half (of)her time traveling.（2）代词前始终用）代词前始终用half of eg.Only half of us could come last night.（3）在度量衡前）在度量衡前half从不带从不带of eg.My old home is about half a mile from here. a dozen eggs half a dozen eggs（4）one a

30、nd a half+n(pl) 一个半一个半 one and a half hoursthief小偷小偷 pickpocket 扒手扒手 burglar夜盗夜盗 robber强盗强盗 steal sth from sb/ steal sth from sp从某人从某人/某某处偷来处偷来 eg:A thief broke into the building last night and stole some money from the safe.rob sb of sth抢了某人的东西抢了某人的东西 eg:Two thieves attacked him last night and robb

31、ed him of all his money.Two months later, some more money was sent to Sam with another note:Only 25 per cent now!1. 时间段+later=after +时间段，表示一段时间之后，用在一般过去时态。2. some more money 数量词+more +可数名复数=another +数词+可数名词复数 再来.，还有.three more girls=another three girlsfour more students= .e.g.-How many more stamps d

32、o you want?-Four more please.= .some/a little +more+不可数名词 再来/还有一些.e.g.I want some more water.3. be sent to sb. 被送给.In time, all Sams money was paid back in this way. 1. in time=at last/finally 最终最终 e.g.Ill tell you everything in time.2. in this way表示“以这样的方式”：You must pay attention to your spelling.

33、In this way, you can become a good secretary in time. in a way在某一方面来说；在某种意义上eg:Youre correct in a way.有点，有几分wg:She is strange in a way by the way 顺便说一下3. pay back 偿还，报答 pay back（1）偿还：）偿还：All Sams money was paid back in this way.萨姆全部的钱都用这样的方式还了回来。萨姆全部的钱都用这样的方式还了回来。Yesterday Sam borrowed some money fr

34、om me and said that he would pay me back in a week.昨天萨姆从我这里借了些钱，并说一周后还我。昨天萨姆从我这里借了些钱，并说一周后还我。（2）报答；向）报答；向报复：报复：Youve been very kind to me. How can I pay you back? 你对我太好了。我如何报答你呢？你对我太好了。我如何报答你呢？He embarrassed me at the party. Ill pay him back someday.在晚会上他让我难堪了。总有一天我会报复他的。在晚会上他让我难堪了。总有一天我会报复他的。 pay o

35、ff 还清还清 Finally, I paid off all of my debt.重点短语回顾1. get sth. back 2. a large sum of money3. learn of/about/that 4. a local butcher5. lose ones wallet 6. take his savings to the post office7. post office savings bank 8. must have done9. one of the villagers10. three months passed11. one morning12. fi

36、nd his wallet outside his front door13. wrap sth. up in newspper14. together with 15. some more money16. in time17. pay back/pay off18. in this way19. be 100 per cent honest被动语态被动语态 被动语态的基本形式为助动词被动语态的基本形式为助动词be + 及物动词的过去分及物动词的过去分词，即词，即be done。 被动语态的不同被动语态的不同时态时态是通过助动词是通过助动词be的时态变化来体现的时态变化来体现的，的， 其其人

37、称和数方面应与主语保持一致人称和数方面应与主语保持一致。 在初中阶段要求掌握八种时态的被动语态和含有情态动在初中阶段要求掌握八种时态的被动语态和含有情态动词的被动语态，其具体变化为：词的被动语态，其具体变化为：am/is/are +done (过去分词过去分词) 一般现在时一般现在时2) has /have been done 现在完成时现在完成时 3)am/is /are being done 现在进行时现在进行时 4)was/were done 一般过去时一般过去时 5)had been done 过去完成时过去完成时 Visitors are asked not to touch the

38、 exhibits.(展品）展品）All the preparations for the task have been completedA new cinema is being built hereI was given ten minutes to decide.By the end of last year, another new gym had been completed in Beijing. 6)was/were being done 过去进行时过去进行时 7)shall/will be done 一般将来时一般将来时 8） should/would be done 过去将

39、来时过去将来时 被动语态的特殊结构形式被动语态的特殊结构形式 1）带情态动词的被动结构）带情态动词的被动结构其形式为：情态动词其形式为：情态动词be过去分词。过去分词。 A meeting was being held when I was there. Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.The news would be sent to the soldiers mother as soon as it arrived.The baby can be taken good care of by the baby-sitte

40、r.主动语态变被动语态应注意的问题主动语态变被动语态应注意的问题1.把主动语态变为被动语态时，应保留主动语态原来把主动语态变为被动语态时，应保留主动语态原来的时态。如：的时态。如：She often cleans the house. The house is often cleaned by her.2.有些动词可以有双宾语，在用于被动结构时，有些动词可以有双宾语，在用于被动结构时，通常变为主语的是间接宾语（通常变为主语的是间接宾语（sb.）His mother gave him a present for his birthdayHe was given a present by his

41、mother for his birthday. 3) 当当“动词动词+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动.Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette(香烟）香烟）=The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.4）在使役动词）在使役动词have, make, get以及以及感官动词感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等变为被动结构时，要加等变为被动结构时，要加t

42、oSomeone saw a stranger walk into the building=A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 5) 有些相当于及物动词的有些相当于及物动词的动词词组动词词组，如如“动词介词动词介词”，“动词副词动词副词”等，等，也可以用于被动结构，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。 The meeting is to be put off till Friday 一一.被动语态的否定式被动语态的否定式:在第一个

43、助动词在第一个助动词后加后加not构成。构成。We dont believe her .变被动变被动She is not believe by us .二二.被动语态的疑问式：把第一个助动词被动语态的疑问式：把第一个助动词提到主语之前提到主语之前,句尾加问号构成。例如：句尾加问号构成。例如：Where did they grow vegetables？（改为被动语态）（改为被动语态）Where _ vegetables _? (答案答案: were, grown) 三三.带双宾语的两种被动语态形式：带双宾语的两种被动语态形式： 把指人的间接宾用作被动句的主语，把指人的间接宾用作被动句的主语，如

44、：如： She gave me a book. I was given a book by her. 把指物的直接宾语用作被动句的主把指物的直接宾语用作被动句的主语，此时，间接宾语前需加介词语，此时，间接宾语前需加介词to或或for, 如：如： 1) She gave me a book. A book was given to me by her. 2). She bought me a present. A present was bought for me by her.练习练习:Her mother gave her a new pen（变被动）（变被动）A new pen _ _ _

45、 her by her mother中考英语被动语态专项练习题中考英语被动语态专项练习题 1.The new computers_ to the village school as presents last month.A. are given B. gave C. given D. were given2.-When _ this kind of computer_? -Last year.A. did;use B. was;used C. is;used D. are;used3 This English song_ by the girls after class. A. often

46、sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung4 The broken bike_ here by Mr SmithA. can mend B. can mendedC. can be mend D. can be mended5 The papers _ to them.A. were shown B. show C. shown D. have shown6 What time _ the door _ every day?A. does; closed B. does; close C. is; closed D. /; close7. Last year vegetables _ (grow) in the garden by Tom and he _ (sell) them himself. 8. She _ (help)him with his homework tomorrow evening. 9. How many magazines _ (