新视野大学英语读写3unit4FiveFamousSymbolsofAmerican

1、Five famous symbols of American culture 美国文化的五大象征The Statue of LibertyBarbie American GothicThe Buffalo NickelUncle SamFive Famous Symbols of American Culturepart1:part2:part3:part4:part5:The Statue of LibertyThe Statue of LibertyThe Statue of LibertyIn the mid-1870s, French artist Frederic Auguste

2、Bartholdi was working on an enormous project called Liberty Enlightening the World, a monument celebrating US independence and the France-America alliance. At the same time, he was in love with a woman whom he had met in Canada. His mother could not approve of her sons affection for a woman she had

3、never met, but Bartholdi went ahead and married his love in 1876.That same year Bartholdi had assembled the statues right arm and torch, and displayed them in Philadelphia. It is said that he had used his wifes arm as the model, but felt her face was too beautiful for the statue. He needed someone w

4、hose face represented suffering yet strength, someone more severe than beautiful. He chose his mother.The Statue of Liberty was dedicated on an island in Upper New York Bay in 1886. It had his mothers face and his wifes body, but Bartholdi called it my daughter, Liberty. 1.liberty自由，自由权冒昧，随便2.work o

5、n致力于，从事3.enlighten使摆脱偏见，明悉启发，启迪，启蒙，开导照耀4.independence（反义：dependence信赖，信任，依靠，依赖独立，自主，自立5.allance同盟，联盟 make an alliance结成同盟 in alliance with与.联合，结盟6.approve赞成，赞许批准，审定，通过approve of 赞成，满意7.affection爱慕，慈爱，友爱影响8.go ahead继续进行前进开始，说吧9.assemble（resemble v.相似，类似，像安装，装配，组合聚会，集会，收集10.dedicate为（建筑物）举行落成仪式奉献dedic

6、ate oneself to献身于dedicate sth. to sb.把.奉献给某人In the mid-1870s, French artist Frederic Auguste Bartholdi was working on an enormous project called Liberty Enlightening the World, a monument celebrating US independence and the France-America alliance.过去分词短语called Liberty Enlightening the World作后置定语修饰pr

7、oject；a monument是Liberty Enlightening the World的同位语；现在分词短语celebrating US independence and the France-America alliance作后置定语修饰monument。TimeTimeDesignerDesignerModelModelHistoryHistoryThe Statue of LibertyThe Statue of Liberty Mid-1870sFrench artist Frederic Auguste BartholdiHis wifes arm and his mothe

8、rs face Celebrating the US independence and the France- America allianceBarbieBarbieBefore all the different types of Barbie dolls for sale now, there was just a single Barbie. Actually, her name was Barbara.Barbara Handler was the daughter of Elliot and Ruth Handler, co-founders of the Mattel Toy C

9、ompany. Ruth came up with the idea for Barbie after watching her daughter play with paper dolls. The three-dimensional model for Barbie was a German dolla joke gift for adults described as having the appearance of a woman who sold sex. Mattel refashioned the doll into a decent, all-Americanalthough

10、with an exaggerated breast sizeversion and named it after Barbara, who was then a teenager.Since her introduction in 1959, Barbie has become the universally recognized Queen of the Dolls.Mattel says the average American girl owns ten Barbie dolls, and two are sold somewhere in the world every second

11、.Now more than sixty years old, Barbarawho declines interviews but is said to have loved the dollmay be the most famous unknown figure on the planet.Barbies boyfriend, Ken, was introduced in 1961 and named after Barbaras brother. The real Ken, who died in 1994, was disgusted by the doll that made hi

12、s family famous. I dont want my children to play with it, he said in 1993.1.for sale待售，出售 on sale 廉价出售e up with拿出（一笔钱等），提出，想出3.exaggerate夸张，夸大 exaggeration夸大，夸张 exaggerated夸张的，矫揉造作的4.version（电影，剧本，音乐等）改写本，版本；（根据个人观点对事件等的）描述，说法，见解；（与原物略不同的）变体，变种5.name after以.命名6.universal普遍的，一致的；通用的，广泛的，万能的universall

13、y ad.普遍地Mattel refashioned the doll into a decent, all-Americanalthough with an exaggerated breast sizeversion and named it after Barbara, who was then a teenager.非限制性定语从句who was then ateenager 修饰Barbara,although with an exaggerated breast size为插入语。TimeDesignerModelHistory1959Elliot and Ruth Handler

14、A German dollAfter watching her daughter play with paper dolls, Ruth had the idea.American GothicAmerican GothicGrant Wood instantly rose to fame in 1930 with his painting American Gothic, an often-copied interpretation of the solemn pride of American farmers.The painting shows a serious-looking man

15、 and a woman standing in front of a farmhouse. He was strongly influenced by medieval artists and inspired by the Gothic window of an old farmhouse, but the faces in his composition were what captured the worlds attention.Wood liked to paint faces he knew well. For the grave farmer he used his denti

16、st, a sour-looking man. For the woman standing alongside him, the artist chose his sister, Nan. He stretched the models necks a bit, but there was no doubt who posed for the portrait.Nan later remarked that the fame she gained from American Gothic saved her from a very boring life.1.fame声望，名声，名气 ris

17、e to fame 成名2.interpretation解释，说明，诠释，描述3.solemn庄严的，郑重的；严肃的，一本正经的4.cepture ones attention吸引某人注意力draw attention to使人察觉 attract ones attention 引人注意5.grave严肃的，严重的， 6.pose for摆姿势 pose as sb.冒充，假扮 pose a question质询He was strongly influenced by medieval artists and inspired by the Gothic window of an old f

18、armhouse, but the faces in his composition were what captured the worlds attention.what captured the worlds attention是表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词有疑问代词、疑问副词和从属连词。TimeDesignerModelHistoryAugust of 1930Grant WoodHis sister and his dentistGrant Wood was visiting thetown of Eldon in the southernpart of Iowa when he

19、came uponthe farmhouse .Today, American coins honor prominent figures of the US governmentmostly famous former presidents. But the Buffalo nickel, produced from 1913 to 1938, honored a pair of connected tragedies from the settlement of the American frontierthe destruction of the buffalo herds and th

20、e American Indians.While white people had previously been used as models for most American coins, famed artist James Earle Fraser went against tradition by using three actual American Indians as models for his creation.For the buffalo on the other side, since buffalo no longer wandered about the gre

21、at grasslands, Fraser was forced to sketch an aging buffalo from New York Citys Central Park Zoo. Two years later, in 1915, this animal was sold for $100 and killed for meat, a hide, and a wall decoration made from its horns. The Buffalo NickelThe Buffalo Nickel1.tragedy悲剧，悲剧性作品；悲惨事件，灾难，不幸tragic 悲剧的

22、，悲惨的，不幸的 comedy喜剧，喜剧作品，喜剧因素？“2.settlement解决，决定，安定，和解；殖民，移民，开拓3.frontier一国的疆界，边界，边境；待开发的领域，尖端，新领域4.destruction破坏，毁灭5.herd兽群，牧群6.go against与.相反，违背go against sb.对某人不利 go against sth.违反，与.不符7.dectoration装饰，装潢；装饰品8.horn(动物的)角；号角，角；汽车喇叭TimeDesignerModelHistoryFrom 1913 to 1938 FraserThree IndiansAnd An ag

23、ing buffalo from New York Citys Central Park Zoo. It honored a pair of connected tragedies from the settlement of the American frontier the destruction of the buffalo herds and the American Indians.Fourteen-year-old Sam Wilson ran away from home to join his father and older brothers in the fight to

24、liberate the American from the British during the American Revolution. At age 23, he started a meat-packing business and earned a reputation for being honest and hard-working.During a later war in 1812, Wilson gained a position inspecting meat for US Army forces, working with a man who had signed a

25、contract with the government to provide meat to the army. Barrels of meat supplied to the army were stamped EA-US, identifying the company (EA) and the country of origin (US). According to one story, when a government official visited the plant and asked about the letters, a creative employee told h

26、im US was short for Uncle Sam Wilson. Soon soldiers were saying all Army supplies were from Uncle Sam.After the war, a character called Uncle Sam began appearing in political cartoons, his form evolving from an earlier cartoon character called Brother Jonathan that was popular during the American Re

27、volution. Uncle Sam soon replaced Brother Jonathan as Americans most popular symbol. The most enduring portrait of Uncle Sam was created by artist James Montgomery Flagg in his famous army recruiting posters of World Wars I and II. That versiona tall man with white hair and a small white beard on hi

28、s chin, a dark blue coat and a tall hat with stars on itwas a self-portrait of Flagg. Uncle SamUncle Sam1.liberate（liberation n.释放，解放）解放，使获得自由；释放，解除2.colony殖民的，侨民区，集群，群落，菌落colnist殖民地居民 colonial 殖民地的 colonialism殖民主义3.reputation名声，名誉4.inspect（inspection n.检查，调查；检阅，视察0检查，调查；检阅，审查，视察5.contract契约，合同 v.签订

29、合同；缩小，紧缩；得病，感染；养成（习惯）contractor 承包商 contraction 收缩，缩减6.origin起源，起因，原因；出身，血统，来历7.evolve(使)逐渐形成，逐步发展，逐渐演变；（动植物等）进化，进化形成evolution进展，演变，渐进8.recruit征募（新兵）；吸收（新会员） n.新兵，新会员，新手After the war, a character called Uncle Sam began appearing in political cartoons, his form evolving from an earlier cartoon charac

30、ter called Brother Jonathan that was popular during the American Revolution. 过去分词短语called Uncle Sam作定语修饰 a character;过去分词短语 called Brother Jonathan作定语，修饰an earlier cartoon character ；定语从句that was popular during the American Revolution修饰Brother Jonathan。his form evolving from an earlier cartoon chara

31、cter .为独立主格结构，补充说明a character called Uncle Sam began appearing in political cartoons。TimeDesignerModelHistoryAfter 1913James Montgomery FlaggBrother Jonathan& James Montgomery FlaggHappening to get the name “Uncle Sam”, Uncle Sam soon replaced Brother Jonathan as Americans most popular symbol.Wh

32、at other symbols do you know can stand for America?SportsSportsThree famous sports in the United Three famous sports in the United States States Sports in the United States are an important part of the Sports in the United States are an important part of the countrys culturecountrys culture. Based o

33、n . Based on revenue, the four revenue, the four major professional sports leagues in the United Statesmajor professional sports leagues in the United States are are Major Major League BaseballLeague Baseball (MLB), the (MLB), the National Basketball AssociationNational Basketball Association (NBA),

34、 the (NBA), the National National Football LeagueFootball League (NFL), and the (NFL), and the National Hockey LeagueNational Hockey League (NHL). All four enjoy wide- (NHL). All four enjoy wide-ranging domestic media coverage and are considered the preeminent leagues in their ranging domestic media

35、 coverage and are considered the preeminent leagues in their respective sports in the world, although only basketball, baseball, and ice hockey have respective sports in the world, although only basketball, baseball, and ice hockey have substantial followings in other nations. Three of those leagues

36、 have teams that substantial followings in other nations. Three of those leagues have teams that represent Canadian cities, and all four are among the most financially lucrative sports represent Canadian cities, and all four are among the most financially lucrative sports leagues in the world.league

37、s in the world.Music of the Music of the United StatesUnited StatesThe music of the United Statesmusic of the United States reflects the countrys multi-ethnic population through a diverse array of styles. It is a mixture of music influenced by West African, Irish, Scottish, Mexican, and Cuban music

38、traditions among others. The countrys most internationally renowned genres are jazz, blues, country, bluegrass, rock, rhythm and blues, ragtime, hip hop, barbershop, pop, experimental, techno, house, dance, boogaloo, salsa, and rock and roll. The United States has the worlds largest music market wit

39、h a total retail value of 4,898.3 million dollars in 2014,1 and its music is heard around the world. Since the beginning of the 20th century, some forms of American popular music have gained a near global audience.2Native Americans were the earliest inhabitants of the land that is today known as the

40、 United States and played its first music. Beginning in the 17th century, immigrants from the United Kingdom, Ireland, Spain, Germany, and France began arriving in large numbers, bringing with them new styles and instruments. African slaves brought musical traditions, and each subsequent wave of imm

41、igrants contributed to a melting pot.Much of modern popular music can trace its roots to the emergence in the late 19th century of African American blues and the growth of gospel music in the 1920s. The African American basis for popular music used elements derived from European and indigenous music

42、s. There are also strong African roots in the music tradition of the original white settlers, such as country and bluegrass. The United States has also seen documented folk music and recorded popular music produced in the ethnic styles of the Ukrainian, Irish, Scottish, Polish, Hispanic, and Jewish

43、communities, among others.Many American cities and towns have vibrant music scenes which, in turn, support a number of regional musical styles. Along with musical centers such as Philadelphia, Seattle, Portland, New York City, San Francisco, New Orleans, Detroit, Minneapolis, Chicago, Miami, Atlanta

44、, Nashville, Austin, and Los Angeles, many smaller cities such as Asbury Park, New Jersey have produced distinctive styles of music. The Cajun and Creole traditions in Louisiana music, the folk and popular styles of Hawaiian music, and the bluegrass and old time music of the Southeastern states are

45、a few examples of diversity in American music. Modern day music is heavily influenced by previous and present African-American music genresMoviesMoviesThe United Statesmovies is very famousu all aroung the world, although the United States only 200 years of history, in short hundreds of years develo

46、pment, gradually formed a distinct features of American culture, such as the pursuit of dreams, equality, freedom, and inclusiveAmerican Political American Political Electionsarethelifebloodofademocracy.TheworddemocracyliterallymeanstheElectionsarethelifebloodofademocracy.Theworddemocracyliterallyme

47、ansthepeoplerule,animportantconceptinAmericashistory.Inthemid-peoplerule,animportantconceptinAmericashistory.Inthemid-1700s,EnglandbeganpassinglawsthatmadetheAmericancoloniesangry.Thecolo1700s,EnglandbeganpassinglawsthatmadetheAmericancoloniesangry.Thecolonistshadtopaymoreandmoretaxesandenjoyedlessa

48、ndlessfreedom.Theyfeltthnistshadtopaymoreandmoretaxesandenjoyedlessandlessfreedom.TheyfeltthegovernmentofEnglanddidntrepresenttheirinterests.OnJuly4,1776,thecolonieegovernmentofEnglanddidntrepresenttheirinterests.OnJuly4,1776,thecoloniesdeclaredtheirindependencefromEngland.Theywantedtoestablishademo

49、cracysdeclaredtheirindependencefromEngland.Theywantedtoestablishademocracywherepeoplecouldhaveavoiceingovernment.wherepeoplecouldhaveavoiceingovernment.An effective democracy holds regular elections. In America, elections are held every An effective democracy holds regular elections. In America, ele

50、ctions are held every two years for members of Congress. In these elections, all seats in the House of two years for members of Congress. In these elections, all seats in the House of Representatives and one-third of the Senate seats are up for grabs. In addition, every Representatives and one-third

51、 of the Senate seats are up for grabs. In addition, every four years, voters go to the polls to elect the nations president and vice-president. four years, voters go to the polls to elect the nations president and vice-president. Voters also regularly cast their ballots for state and city government

52、 leaders and local Voters also regularly cast their ballots for state and city government leaders and local school board members. Sometimes they also have to vote on a proposed law.school board members. Sometimes they also have to vote on a proposed law.American Racial American Racial Discrimination

53、 Discrimination Racial discrimination,or,the color problem,refers mainly to Negroes in the United Racial discrimination,or,the color problem,refers mainly to Negroes in the United States,as they constitute one tenth of the total population.The term Negro is States,as they constitute one tenth of the

54、 total population.The term Negro is applied to people descended or partly descended from slaves transported from applied to people descended or partly descended from slaves transported from Africa long ago.It is now avoided by many white Americans for fear of offending Africa long ago.It is now avoi

55、ded by many white Americans for fear of offending their non-white brothers.The old term nigger is now considered to be their non-white brothers.The old term nigger is now considered to be insulting,and is altogether avoided in decent usage.In official statistics the term insulting,and is altogether

56、avoided in decent usage.In official statistics the term non-white is used,and in ordinary situations it is acceptable to call non-white non-white is used,and in ordinary situations it is acceptable to call non-white people black,although this term was once also somewhat insulting.people black,although this term was on