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1、主谓一致 & 倒装句& 强调句中考要求内容基本要求略高要求较高要求主谓一致&倒装句&强调句一、倒装句强调句和主谓一致的讲解。二、三种句型需要注意的问题。课前测试1. (天津市中考试题)How time flies! Ten years _ passed.A. have B. has C. is D. are答案与解析:B。该题考查的是主谓一致。Ten years 通常被看作是一个时间整体,谓语动词用单数形式。2. (南通市中考试题)Not only his parents but also his brother _ to the Summer Palace.

2、They havent been back.A. have been B. have gone C. has been D. has gone答案与解析:D。该题考查的是主谓一致。如果由not onlybut also 连接两个并列主语,其谓语动词同相邻的主语保持一致,谓语动词应用单数形式。又因为他们还都没有回来,所以用has gone 而不用has been。3. (吉林市中考试题)Neither my father _ going to see the patient.A. nor I am B. nor I are C. or me are D. or me is答案与解析:A。该题考查

3、的是主谓一致。Neithernor 是一组连词,可连接连个并列主语,其谓语动词应同靠近的主语I 保持一致, 因此应选A。4. (包头市中考试题)Look! There _ playing with the tourists on Yinhe Square.A. are a number of deer B. are a number of deers C. is a number of deer D. is a number of deers答案与解析:A。该题考查的是主谓一致。这个句子的主语是a number of deer, 是个复数概念,因此谓语动词应用复数形式。(deer 单复数相同)

4、5. Why can't I smoke here?At no time_ in the meeting-roomA. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted C. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permit答案与解析:A. 这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时,其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。这些否定词包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until 等。本题的正常语序是Smoking is permitted in

5、 the meeting-room at no time.6. Not until the early years of the 19th century _ what heat is.A. man did know B. man know C. didn't man know D. did man know答案与解析:D. 看到Not until的句型,我们知道为一倒装句,答案在C,D 中选一个。改写为正常语序为Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not 提前,后面就不能再用否定了,否

6、则意思就变了。7. Not until I began to work _ how much time I had wasted.A. didn't I realize B. did I realize C. I didn't realize D. I realize答案为B。8. No sooner_ than it began to rain heavily.A. the game began B. has the game begun C. did the game begin D. had the game begun答案与解析:D. 以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时,一

7、般采用倒装句(谓语前置)。这类表示否定意义的词有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及not onlybut (also), no soonerthan, hardly when scarcelywhen9. -Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother?-I don't know, _.A. nor don't I care B. nor do I care C. I don't care neither D. I don't care also答案与

8、解析:B. nor 为增补意思"也不关心",因此句子应倒装。A 错在用don't 再次否定, C neither 用法不对且缺乏连词。D 缺乏连词。注意: 当so 引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时,不可用倒装结构。意为"的确如此"。10. No news _ good news. I think hell be back soon.A. is                

9、0;       B. are                       C. was                  

10、60; D. were答案与解析:A. 不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词应用单数。另外,有些名词如news, maths, physics等虽以s 结尾,但作主语时谓语动词应用单数。11. Maths _ my favourite subject.A. are                      B. is     

11、                   C. am                      D. be答案与解析:B. 此题易误选为A。maths是复数形式、单数概念的名词,作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

12、类似的名词还有:news, physics, the United States, James等。12. Half of the class _ most of the work. Some of the work _ really difficult.A. have done, is        B. has done, are       C. has done, is      

13、    D. have done, are答案与解析:A. 此题易误选为C。因为这里的class是单数名词,因此很多同学就误选为C。其实,class是一个集合名词,在这里它强调组成班级的人,因此谓语动词要用复数形式。正确答案为A。13. In our class _ of the students _girls.A. three fifth, are      B. three fifths, are     C. third fifth, is

14、         D. three fifths, is答案与解析:B. 此题易误选为A。这题由于不知道分数的表达法而造成的错误。分数的构成方式为“分子为基数词,分母为序数词,分子大于1,分母用复数”;当分数修饰名词作主语时谓语动词的数由它所修饰的词决定,即如果修饰的是单数可数名词或者是不可数名词,谓语动词要用单数形式;如果修饰的是复数可数名词,谓语动词就用复数形式。正确答案为B。14. Both Kate and I _ ready for the picnic now.A. is not &

15、#160;                 B. am getting           C. are getting            D. is getting答案与解析:C. 此题易误选为

16、B。这是由于思维定势引起的。很多人一看到I这个词就选定了B这个选项,而没有注意到这是由both. and 连接的并列主语,谓语动词应该用复数形式。正确答案为C。15. Are there any fish in the lake now?No. _ any water in it in winter.A. There isnt           B. There arent         C.

17、 It isnt                 D. They arent答案与解析:A. 主语water是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。16. Dont worry, Mum! No news _ good news. Im sure Daddy will come back very soon.A. is          

18、              B. are                       C. were           

19、0;       D. was答案与解析:A. 考查主谓一致。主语news是单数,排除B和C;根据前后句中的谓语动词的时态判断不是过去时,排除D。17. A pair of new shoes _ given to me as a present by my father.A. will                    &

20、#160; B. has                      C. is                        D. are答

21、案与解析:D. 分析本句句意可知本句中的“a pair of new shoes”是在“在昨天”“被当成礼品送给我的”,故本句要用一般过去时的被动语态。18. Twenty minutes _ not enough for you to finish it.A. were                    B. has      &#

22、160;               C. are                      D. is答案与解析:D. twenty minutes,two days, three years等表示一段时间的词组做主语时,谓语动

23、词要用单数形式。19. There _ an apple and some oranges on the table.A. is                        B. are               &

24、#160;       C. has                      D. have答案与解析:A. There be句式中有两个或两个以上的并列成分充当该句式主语时,最接近谓语的那个成分决定了谓语动词的形式。语法考点主谓一致这个语法项目可以说从我们学习英语开始就一直伴随着我们,每当我用句子来进行交

25、流时,无论是口头还是笔头的,都要考虑句子主语和谓语的一致,如句子的主语是第三人称单数形式,其谓语动词如果是一般现在时就也用第三人称单数形式;如果句子的主语是第一人称或者其他的人称,谓语动词一般用动词原形。因此主谓一致是打好中考试卷的基础,从单项选择到书面表达,都可能涉及到主谓一致的问题,都要求同学们对其很好地掌握,可以说是每年全国各地的中考试卷必考题目。倒装句因为与汉语语言习惯的不同和较多的句型结构而成为初中英语的难点,虽然初中英语涉及到的倒装句型不算太多,在中考试卷中也总有一定的比例,尤其在阅读理解和完形填空中对上下文的理解会有很大的影响,因此也是中考复习的重点。Step1考点知识梳理清单一

26、、主谓一致主谓一致就是句子的谓语动词形式在人称和数上必须和句子的主语保持一致,叫主谓一致。这种关系一般要遵循三个原则:语法上一致的原则;意义上一致的原则和就近一致的原则。(一) 语法一致的原则谓语和主语通常从语法形式上取得一致,主语为单数形式,谓语动词也用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也为复数形式。例:The boy is clever enough to study maths well. 这个男孩够聪明,可以把数学学好。Everybody in my class tries to do well in English. 我们班每个人都努力学好英语。1. 下列情况谓语动词只能用单数:(1

27、) 不可数名词或可数名词单数作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。例:Water is very important to the trees. 水对树来说非常重要。(2) 如果句子的主语是一个抽象的概念,抽象名词,此名词也是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式。例:Brave is one of his advantages. 勇敢是他的一个优点。(3) 动词不定式或者动名词短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例:To improve your English is the most important work. 提高你的英语是最重要的工作。Watching TV too much is bad for y

28、our eyes. 看电视太多对你的眼睛有害。(4) 不定代词each,one,another,something,somebody,nothing,nobody,everyone,everything,anyone,anything等作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。 例:Somebody is waiting for at the gate. 有人在大门口等你。 Nothing is too difficult if you put your heart into it. 世上无难事只怕有心人。(5)如果句子的主语是单数,尽管后面有with,together with,as well as,l

29、ike,but,except等引起的短语,谓语动词仍然用单数形式。例:My mother with her students often has a picnic in a park. 我的妈妈经常和她的学生在公园里野餐。(6)neither和either作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。例:Either is very good. 两个中哪一个都很好。Neither of them wants to eat outside. 他们两个都不想出去吃饭。(7)固定短语 one of 名词的复数形式作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例:One of the boys in our class goes t

30、o school by car. 我们班一个男孩坐小汽车上学。(8)固定短语the numberof 复数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。例:The number of students in our school is more than two thousand. 我们学校学生的数量超过二千。2. 下面的情况谓语动词只能用复数:(1)and或both and连接并列名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词用复数。例:He and his brother are both teachers.他和他的哥哥都是老师。(2)both, all, few, several, many等修饰可数名词复数作主语时,

31、谓语动词用复数形式。例:All his friends have come. 他的朋友都来了。Many girls are fond of dancing.许多女孩子都喜欢跳舞。 (3)表示总称意义的名词,如:people, cattle, police作主语时,谓语动词用复数。例:The police are asking them questions. 警察正在询问他们一些问题。Your clothes are very dirty. 你的衣服非常脏。(4)“the+形容词(或由分词演变而来的形容词)”作主语,表“一类人”时谓语动词用复数。例:The rich are not always

32、 happy. 富人也不总是幸福的。The wounded are still in hospital.所有受伤的都在住院。(5)固定短语“a number of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。例:A number of students come from Sichuan.许多学生来自四川。(6)主语是表示两个相同的部分构成的物体的名词,如clothes, trousers, shoes, boots, glasses (眼镜), socks, gloves, compasses等作主语,谓语动词用复数,但这些名词被this/a pair of修饰时,谓语动词用单数。例:Her s

33、hoes are green.她的鞋子是绿色的。This pair of shoes is very expensive.这双鞋子非常昂贵。3. 下列情况谓语动词可用单数也可用复数:(1)数词作主语且表“加减乘除”时,谓语动词通常用单数,但是也可用复数。例:Nine and one is/ are ten.九加一等于十。Two times three is/ are six.二乘以三等于六。(2)“none/neither of+代词/复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数,但在口语中也可用复数。例:None of us knows/ know how to work out this pro

34、blem. 我们中没有人知道如何解这个题。Neither of you like/likes playing football. 你们两个都不喜欢踢足球。(3)一些集合名词,如family,class,group, team等作主语时,表示整体意义时,谓语动词用单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;当它们强调指个体成员时,谓语动词用复数形式。例:His family isnt large. 他的家庭不大。(指家庭的整体) His family were watching TV when I arrived. 我到时他的一家人正在看电视。(指具体的家庭成员)(二) 意义上的一致:1. 表示时间、距离、重

35、量、长度和价值的名词,尽管是复数形式,作为一个整体来看待,谓语动词通常用单数形式。例:Three weeks is already enough for you to finish the work. 三个星期对你们完成这个工作已经足够了。2. 以-ics结尾的学科名词如maths, physics, politics等,以及news,the United States等名词或短语形式上是复数,但意义上是单数,它们作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例:Physics is my favourite subject. 物理是我最喜欢的学科。(三) 就近一致原则:1. 由连词either or,nei

36、ther nor,not only but also及or连接的并列主语,谓语动词通常与离它最近的主语保持一致。例:Neither you nor your father is able to help me. 你和你爸爸都不能帮助我。 Either you or I go swimming with our father. 我或者你可以和爸爸一起去游泳。2. there be句型中,谓语动词be往往和后面的第一个主语取得一致。例:There is a dictionary and some books on the desk. 桌上有一本词典和一些书。3. 以here开头的句子,其谓语动词和

37、靠近的主语一致。例:Here is a letter and some books for you.(四)定语从句与主谓一致:在定语从句中,关系代词that,who,which等用作主语时,谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。例: This is the man who wants to see you. 这就是想要见你的人。The girls who are coming soon will help me. 要来的那些女孩会帮助我。清单二、倒装句英语句子通常有两种语序:一种主语在前,谓语在后,称为自然语序;另一种谓语的一部分或整个谓语在前,主语在后,称为倒装语序,如英语的疑问句形式。在初中阶段

38、倒装句一般都作为特殊句型来处理。1倒装句之全部倒装全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有:1) here, there, now, then, thus 等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。例:There goes the bell.Then came the chairman.Here is your letter.2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词。例:Ahead sat an old woman.注:上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则

39、不能完全倒装。例:Here he comes. Away they went.3)句子的主语较长时(多数情况下又没有宾语),因为要避免头重脚轻的感觉,通常把表语或状语放在句子的前面。例:In the small box was the ring that he had given her twenty years before.那个小盒里面是那枚他二十年前送给她的戒指。2. 倒装句之部分倒装部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do, does 或did,并将其置于主语之前。1) 句首为否定或半否定的词语,如no, not,

40、never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until 等。例:Never have I seen such a performance.Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.注:如果否定词不在句首不倒装。例:I have never seen such a performance.The mother didn't leave t

41、he room until the child fell asleep.3初中阶段接触到的倒装句型(1)so + be/ 助动词/ 情态动词+主语经常出现在中考试题中。此句型表示“也是这样”,用于描述谓语所说情况也适用于另一个人或另一个事物,只能用在肯定句,注意上、下句所使用的动词的时态要一致。例:You can ride a bike. So can I. 你会骑自行车,我也会。 He has been to Beijing. So have I. 他去过北京,我也去过。Lin Ping was there last night. So was everyone else in my cla

42、ss. 林平昨晚在那里,我们班其他人昨晚也都在那里。He saw the snake, and so did I. 他看见那条蛇了,我也看到了。注:上句中前句谓语动词是行为动词,所以后句中要加助动词did。就像行为动词变疑问句一样,句子如果有be、助动词(如have,will等)和情态动词(如can,must等),就把这些词放在另一个主语前;如果没有,就要加do,does或did。辨析:so主语be/ 助动词/ 情态动词此句型不是倒装句,只是单纯地重复前面一句的意思,表示“的确如此、就是这样”。例:-My little brother can swim in the sea. 我的小弟弟能在大

43、海了游泳。-So he can. 的确如此。-He gets up very early. 他起得真早。-So he does. 是很早。(2)neither/ nor + be/ 助动词/ 情态动词+主语经常出现在中考试题中。此句型表示“也不这样”。使用的注意事项和上面的句型1一样。例:The first one isnt good, and neither is the second. 第一个不好,第二个也不好。They didnt come last night. Nor did I. 他们昨天晚上没有来,我也没有来。If you dont go there, neither shall

44、 I. 如果你不去那里,我也不去。注:上句中if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示一般将来时,所以后面的主句用的是一般将来时。(3)当以there, here, out , in , up , down, away 等副词开头的句子,为了起到强调的作用,可构成倒装句,只把副词放在句首,主语和谓语位置调换,不加助动词。这时的主语必须是名词。主语是人称代词时,主语和谓语语序不变。例:Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。In came our teacher. 我们老师进来了。Out rushed the boys. 男孩子们冲了出去。但是:Here it is. 给你。Away

45、he went. 他走了。(4)表地点状语的介词短语放在句首,要用倒装句式,以示强调。这种倒装句也是主谓直接调换位置,不加助动词did, does或do。例:Under a big tree sat a fat man, half asleep. 树下坐着一个胖男人,似乎睡着了。(5)there放在句首时,要用倒装句式。在“there + be”结构中的谓语动词有时不用be , 而用表示“存在”的其他不及物动词。如:live, stand, come, lie等动词代替be。例:There came shouts for help from the river. 从河里传来了呼救声。There

46、 lies a large wheat field in front of the house. 房子前面是一大片麦田。 (6)直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时,动词say等和主语有时倒装。例:“Well done, Tom.” said our teacher. 老师说:“做得好,汤姆!”清单三、强调句强调是有效地进行思想交流的重要手段之一。人们在交际过程中,为了使自己的思想能为听者或读者恰当的理解,必须突出重要的内容,这就需要运用强调的手段。1强调手段在现代英语中,人们可以通过语音手段、词汇手段、语法手段来进行强调。(1)语音手段在口语中,人们可以根据交流的需要,通过语句重音来对不同的词语

47、进行强调。例:She speaks English well. 这句话,可以通过语句重音来分别对不同的词进行强调。A: Shall we ask Jennifer or Robin to host the English evening party?B: Of course Jennifer. She speaks English well. (重读She,强调“她”)A: Jennifer's been living in Australia for two years.B: She speaks English well but her writing is not very go

48、od. (重读speaks,强调“说”)A: Jennifer speaks French beautifully.B: She speaks English well, too. (重读English,强调“英语”)A: Do you think Jennifer is fit for the job?B: Certainly. She speaks English well. (重读well,强调“好”)(2)词汇手段人们常用一些形容词、副词、否定词等词汇手段来加强语气。1) 形容词very 放在the, this, that 或代词所有格my, his 等后面, 强调后面所修饰的名词。例

49、:You are the very person I want to chat with.He is the very picture of his father.At that very moment the policemen came.2) 副词just 放在the, this, that 或代词所有格my, his 等前面,强调the, this, that,my, his所修饰的名词。例:This is just the book I am looking for.He is just the right person for the job.3)用whatever, wheneve

50、r, wherever 等分别加强what, when, where 等词的语气。例:What is left over is yours. 剩下来的是你的。- Whatever is left over is yours. 剩下来所有的都是你的。When did you find time to do it 你什么时候有空做这事?- Whenever did you find time to do it 你究竟什么时候有空做这事?Where are you going 你到哪里去?- Wherever are you going 你究竟到哪里去?Who can that be 那会是谁呢?W

51、hoever can that be 那究竟会是谁呢?4) 副词possibly 用于否定句或疑问句情态动词cancould 后,加强否定或疑问的语气,有“无论如何, 不管怎样”的意思。例:We cannot do it. 那件事我们不能做。- We cannot possibly do it. 那件事我们无论如何也不能做。He can't forget it. 他不会忘记此事。- He can't possibly forget it. 他无论如何也不会忘记此事。Could he agree 他会同意吗?Could he possibly agree 难道他会同意吗?5) 副

52、词simply 用于加强语气,表示“真正,的确,非常,简直,完全”等意思。例:It is beautiful. 这很美。- It is simply beautiful. 这的确是美。I can't go such stupid behavior. 我不能接受如此愚蠢的行为。- I simply can't go such stupid behavior. 对这种愚蠢的行为我实在忍受不了。6) 副词out, up, over 等加强语气。 副词out 放在介词短语的前面, 指“较远”的地方,如郊区或远方农村等。例:I am living in the country. 我住在乡

53、下。- I am living out in the country. 我住在乡下。We will sail to the island. 我们将出海前往该岛。-We will sail out to the island. 我们将出海远航,前往该岛。 副词up 经常与go ,run, walk, come 等动词连用,由远及近地“从某处来”,“到某处去”。例:A stranger came to me and asked the way. 一个陌生人向我走来问路。- A stranger came up to me and asked the way. 一个陌生人走到我跟前来问路。Pleas

54、e bring the things to my office. 请把这些东西拿到我办公室来。- Please bring the things up to my office. 请把这些东西拿到我办公室来。 副词over 经常与go, run, walk, come 等动词连用,强调跨越一段距离。例:I will go to his office and have a talk with him. 我要去他办公室和他谈谈。I will go over to his office and have a talk with him. 我要去他办公室和他谈谈。7) 将on earth, in th

55、e world, in heaven, under the sun 等短语放在what, when, which, who, where, how 等词的后面,加强语气。例:When did you send the email to him?你什么时候发的电子邮件给他?- When on earth did you send the email to him?你究竟是什么时候发电子邮件给他的?What do you mean by saying so 你这么说是什么意思?- What in heaven do you mean by saying so?你这么说到底是什么意思?Where c

56、ould he be 他可能在哪里?-Where in the world could he be 他究竟在哪里?8) 用反身代词表示强调。例:You can go there yourself. 你自己可以去那里。The president himself will chair the meeting. 总统将亲自主持这个会议。I am a stranger here myself. 我自己在这里也是个陌生人。9) much, far, by far, still, even, a great deal, a lot 放在形容词或副词比较级的前面,用来加强语气。例:This building

57、 is much larger than that one. 这幢楼房比那幢楼房大得多。His composition is far better than mine. 他的作文比我的作文好多了。That would be a great deal better. 那就更好了。注:by far 要放在最高级或带the 的比较级前,但如果比较级前面无定冠词,by far 放在比较级前后均可。例:He is by far the tallest student in the class. 他是班上最高的学生。It is by far the longer river of the two. 这是两

58、条河中较长的一条。This is better by far. 这个要好多了。10) 用重复某一个单词来表示强调。例:It's very, very unkind of you, isn't it 你非常非常不友善,不是吗?We waited and waited, but nothing happened. 我们等来等去,但什么事也没发生。I haven't seen him for years and years and years. 我已经好几年没见到他了。11) 用not a single, not a bit, not simply, by no means

59、等短语来加强否定的语气。例:I can't speak a single word of Japanese. 我就连一个日语单词也不会说。She is by no means diligent. 她根本不勤奋。比较:not a bit 一点也不(= not at all);not a little 非常(= very much)例:He was not a bit tired. 他一点不累。He was not a little tired. 他非常累。12) 用none 来表示强调。例:This is none of your business. 这与你丝毫没有关系。He is no

60、ne of my friends. 他决不是我的朋友。(3)语法手段1) 通过改变句子结构或颠倒正常语序的手段来进行强调。例:Happy are those who are content. 知足常乐。Never will China be the first to use nuclear weapons. 中国决不会第一个使用核武器。Across the river lies a newly-built bridge. 河上有一座新建的桥。Hero as he is, he still remains modest. 尽管他是英雄,他仍然很谦虚。2) 用助动词do, does 或did 来强

61、调谓语动词。例:Do come early. 一定早点来。He does know Beijing well. 他的确熟悉北京。He did tell me about it yesterday. 他昨天的确告诉了我这件事。Step2重点难点解析难点一、主谓一致易错点分析1. 判断准确句子的真正的主语,不要只看离谓语动词近的主语,要注意不同情况,否则很容易出现错误。例:Mr. Li, together with his children _ (go) fishing on Sunday. 答案与解析:答案是goes。这个句子真正的主语是Mr. Li而不是句子后面的children,所以谓语动词

62、用第三人称单数形式goes。2. both作主语时谓语动词用复数,either和neither经常看作单数,其谓语动词用单数形式。例:Both of my parents are doctors. 我父母都是医生。Neither of us has been to the Great Wall. 我们两个都没有去过长城。3. some, any, all,most, the rest, none, 分数或百分数等作主语时,代替或修饰不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式;代替或修饰复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式;而none代替和修饰复数名词时,谓语动词用单数或复数形式都可以。例:All is goi

63、ng well. 一切正常。None (of us) have been to the Great Wall. (我们中)没有人去过长城。None (of the money on the desk) is mine. (桌子上的钱)都不是我的。Some (of the money) was spent on clothes. 一些(钱)花在了衣服上。4. 疑问词what,which,who等作主语一般看成单数,谓语动词用单数形式,但是如果很明显指复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。例:Who is going to speak at the meeting? 谁要在会上发言呀?Who are the

64、 children? 这些孩子是谁?5. 名词性物主代词mine, yours, theirs等作主语时,谓语动词取决于它们所代替的名词的数,代替单数名词或不可数名词谓语动词用单数,代替复数名词谓语动词用复数。例:His bike is old, but mine (=my bike) is new. 他的自行车旧,而我的新。This is Marys bread. Yours is on the table. 这是玛丽的面包,你的在桌子上。难点二、it引导的强调结构“It is + 被强调部分+ that/ who + 句子其他部分”是使用最广的强调句型。除了谓语动词不能强调外,句子中其它成分,如主语、状语、宾语或宾语补足语都可以用该句型中加以强调。(一)用强调结构强调句子成分1强调主语被强调的主语是人时,可用It is/ was . that/ who .,但如果被强调的部分既包括人又包括物,只能用that。例:He bought a camera yesterday.- It was he that/who bought a camera yesterday. 是他昨天买了一架照相机。The famous writer and his works

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