初三英语上第六讲

1、第六讲( Module 6)I. 学习目标1. 复习Module 6 的重点单词、短语和句型2. 复习前缀和后缀构词法II. 重点、难点分析一、入门一测首字母填空1. Dont w_ water. Please turn off the cock after you wash your hands.2. Gold, silver and iron are all m_. 3. It s more and more important for everyone to save e_ now. 4. Air p_ is quite harmful to our health. 5.The

2、 students from a green school are helping collect waste paper and bottles for r_. 二、重点短语1.throw away 扔掉，抛弃（某物） 2. be careful about 小心3.do harm to sb./sth. 对某人/某事有害 4.as long as possible 只要有可能5.change into 把变成 6.sell sth. 售卖某物7.for recycling 用来循环使用 8.make a difference to 对产生重大影响/很重要9.save energy 节约能源

3、 10.stop from doing 停止做某事11.instead of 代替，而不是 12. the lasted fashion 最新款式13. made abroad 国外制造 14. raise money募集捐款 15. save money省钱 16. waste energy消耗能量 17. care about关心 18.in fact 实际上19.if possible 如果可能的话 三重点知识点讲解1）“and everyone agrees we must be careful about the environment” （P42）(1) be careful ab

4、out / of 表示“小心 / 谨慎地对待、注意、重视。”(2) be careful “当心”=look out ，目的在于引起别人的注意。 2）We should stop the factories from polluting the river. (P43)stop + sb. + from + doing sth. 的意思是“阻止某人做某事”，from可以省略。(=keep/prevent sb. from doing sth.)3) Its also at home that we save energy and recycle (P42)这是一个强调句，在初中阶段不要求被掌握

5、，只明白其意思就可以了。如：It is from the sun that we get light and heat. 4）. such as (P42)【考查点】for example, such as 与like的辨析。for example：一般只以同类事物或同类人中的“一个”为例，作插入语，用逗号隔开，可置于句首，句中或句末。For example, air is invisible（看不见的）。such as：用来例举同类人或物中的几个例子，后跟名词或动名词, 不用逗号隔开。We learn many subjects, such as English, Chinese and m

6、aths.like:用来举例时，作为介词，可与such as互换。但suchas用于举例时可以分开使用，且不与like互换。Some animals like/ such as the cat, the dog and the wolf, dont need to hibernate（冬眠）He has several such reference books as dictionaries and handbooks.【易错点】for example, such as 与like的用法易混淆。5）Do you care about protecting the environment and

7、 saving energy? (P44)(1) care about 动词短语，表示“关心，介意，在乎”。care for“照看；照顾”的意思，（=take care of，look after）(2) protect the environment protect sb. from (doing) sth. 保护免受(危害)6）We all need a healthy environment, but we produce waste every day and it does harm to our environment. (P44)do harm to sb. /sth. (=do

8、 sb. /sth. harm) 意为“对有害处”。do no harm to sb./ sth. 对某人/某物没有造成伤害7）In fact, even the simplest everyday activities can make a real differences to the environment(P44). make a difference to “对有影响” 与之相关的短语有：make no difference 对没有作用或影响；make some difference 对有一些作用或影响。【易错点】difference易写成different。8）instead of

9、(p44)instead of：“代替，而不是”，重点词是of，它是介词，所以后接名词，代词和v-ing形式，尤其需注意的是动词该用动名词形式，即v-ing；You should go out instead of staying at home.instead“代替，反而”，单独用时放在句末。If you cant go, let him go instead. rather than：“（是）而不是”，它是连词，前后成分在形式上必须保持一致，所以后面的结构应该与前面一样，就有可能出现代词主格，动词的各种形式等，不一而足，但关键是要和与它对比的结构形式一致！I rather than he（

10、与I一致）will go there.9）.and we should repair them if we can instead of throwing them away and buying new ones.(p45)（1） repair是指需要一定的技术，对比较复杂的东西进行“修理”。它的宾语通常是汽车、房子、机器等。（2） mend 则指不用复杂的技术与工具进行的“修理”，比如修补破洞、裂痕等。它的宾语通常是衣服、桌椅、玩具等。10）Although it takes energy to change something into something else, it is bet

11、ter than throwing things away or burning them. (P45)(1) changeinto表示“把变成”。如： (2). throw away “扔掉，抛弃（某物）”【易错点】throw 的过去式和过去分词形式。(3) something else 11）. 为使表达简洁明了，我们常用 it, one, ones, that或those 等替代词来替代前面已经出现的名词。one指代泛指的单数名词，其复数形式为ones。Green apples often taste better than red ones.注意：若 one 前没有形容词修饰时，则其前

12、不能有不定冠词（但可用 another）it指代特定的同一事物，其复数形式为themMy uncle bought me a dictionary and I like it very much. （it在此就是指前面提到的“叔叔给我买的词典”）that指代特定的、同类但不同一的事物，可指代可数名词或者不可数名词。其复数形式是those，但是those只能指代可数名词村The air in the countryside is much fresher than that in the city. （that 在此指代的天气与前面提到的天气为同类）【EX.1】单项选择（ ）1.He is to

13、o busy, let me go _.A. instead of B. instead C. rather than D. rather（ ）2-Do you have an English Chinese dictionary?-Yes, here you are . You can _ it as long as you like.A.borrow B.lend C.keep D. have（ ）3.We dont care too much _ scores.A.for B.about C.on D. to （ ）4.We should stop the factories _ the

14、 air.A. to pollute B. pollute C. from polluting D. polluted（ ）5.I like playing ball games, _ basketball and football.A. for example B. such as C. likes D. like四、词语辨析1. .everyday 日常的,充当一个形容词; every day每天，是一个时间状语2.adj./adv. + enough; enough +n.易错点：词性没分清楚【EX.2】单项选择（ ）1.The old man helps clean the stree

15、t _. A. everyday B. every day C. every D.everyone（ ）2. Are you feeling _ to go to school? A. good enough B. enough good C. well enough D. enough well 五、语法精析 语法：前缀，后缀构词法【用法】（一）常见的前缀形式：1. re-表示“再”，如：reuse，recycle2. in/ im- 表示“无，不”，如：incorrect，impossible3. un-表示“无，不”，如：unhealthy，uncomfortable4. dis-表示“

16、不，无”，如：disappear，dislike5. anti-表示“反对，防止”，如：anti-pollution，anti-war6. en表示“使”，如：encourage, enrich7. inter表示“互相”，如：Internet, interview8. kilo表示“千”，如：kilogramme, kilometre 9. mid表示 “中间” midnight, midsummer（二）常见的后缀形式：1. able表示“可能，易于，适合于”，构成形容词，如：eatable，comfortable，movable2. ful 表示“充满的，具有性质的”，构成形容词，如：h

17、opeful，useful，careful3. less与ful相反，表示“少的，不足的”， 构成形容词，如；hopeless，useless，careless4. ment，构成名词，如：development，environment5. er/or 表示“人”reader, farmer, singer, inventor, hunter, traveler, villager, foreigner, stranger, actor, waiter, writer, cleaner, visitor, 注意： 前缀改变词意不改变词性，后缀改变词性【EX.3】小试牛刀一. 按要求写单词。1.

18、 waste (形容词形式) _2. helpful (反义词) _ 3. reusable (动词形式) _4. possible (反义词) _ 5. communicate (名词形式) _6. success (形容词形式) _7. different (名词形式) _ 8. careful (动词形式) _ 9. health (形容词形式) _ 10. comfortable (反义词) _二.用所给词的适当形式填空.1.How_（excite）it is to go surfing in Hawaii！2.Drive slowly and_（care）when you are n

19、ear a school.3.Plastic bags pollute the air，the land and the water and they will not_（appear）for a long time.4.He is not as_（friend）to us as his sister.5.Its_（sun）today. What about going for a picnic？III.开心驿站 Protect Environment IV.综合训练二、单项选择（ ）1.This bag is useful. Dont _. A.throw away it B.throw i

20、t away C.throwing away it D.throwing it away（ ）2.Why not _ to the cinema _ staying at home ?A.going ,instead B.go ,because of C.going ,thanks to D.go ,instead of （ ）3.We should care _ these poor children and protect them _ the cold. A. about, about B. from, about C. about, from D. for, for（ ）4. Smok

21、ing does _ to your health. A. harm B. harmful C. harms D. harmless（ ）5. You mustnt throw the waste paper _. A. out B. of C. away D. about（ ）6. His help made a difference to _ the wildlife in this area. A. save B. saving C. waste D. wasting（ ）7. We should repair this TV set _ buying a new one. A. so

22、that B. not only C. such as D. instead of（ ）8. The clothes made in France are not _ cheap as those made in China.A. too B. like C. such D. as （ ）9.-You dont smoke, do you? -_, I have never smoked a cigarette before.A. Yes, I dont. B. No, I dont. C. Yes, I do. D. No, I do.（ ）10. They all wanted to kn

23、ow _.A. what was the matter with Tom B. what the matter was with TomC. whats wrong with Tom D. whats happening to Tom（ ）11.They were _ Shanghai for a holiday last week . A.of to B.from to C.off to D.to （ ）12.We didnt go to the cinema yesterday afternoon .We did some shopping ,_A.instead of B.either

24、C.instead D.neither（ ）13.His English is very good because he practices _A.everyday B.every day C.in every day D.on everyday（ ）14.Is there _ to eat ?A.something else B.else something C.anything else D.anything else（ ）15.Sports are _ our health .A.good for B.harmful to C.good at D.good to三、 完形填空 通读下面的

25、短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。 In ones life ,one spends the most time _1_ with oneself .But one has the least understanding of oneself .When you are successful ,you may be very happy .When you _2_,you may feel sad .If you dont get a good understanding of yourself ,you may miss many chances in lif

26、e . To get a good understanding of yourself is to know well about yourself .You may realize your strong points and weak _3_ .You may hope for a wonderful future ,but be sure not to expect too much because not _4_ dreams can come true .You may be confident enough to meet challenges ,but first you sho

27、uld know _5_. To get a good understanding of yourself needs selfappreciation .Maybe you think you are a tall tree _6_ just small grass ,but you can always have your own way of being there .As soon as you full confidence in yourself ,you are sure to face any trouble . To get a good understanding of y

28、ourself als0 means to take care _7_ yourself .When you are angry ,find a quiet place so that you wont be hurt .When you are _8_,tell your friends about it to change the mood into a good one .When you are tired ,get a good sleep .If you dont know when and how you should look after yourself ,you _9_ b

29、e able to stay away from illness . _10 can tell what will happen in the future .Get a good understangding of yourself ,and you will get a full control of yourself and find your life full of color .( )1.A.to be B.be C.being D.is( )2.A.fail B.win C.know D.tell ( )3.A.one B.ones C.the ones D.the one( )

30、4.A.every B.all C.both D.each( )5.A.where to do B.how to do C.what to do D.which to do( )6.A.or B.and C.but D.so( )7.A.with B.to C.of D.in( )8.A.happy B.sad C.comfortable D.excited( )9.A.will B.wont C.would D.wouldnt( )10.A.No one B.Everyone C.Someone D.None四.阅读理解 In the shopping center ,you probabl

31、y think about spending ,not saving .Think about all the lights that keep the shopping center bright .Think about all the water faucets(水龙头) in the toilet .Think about all the air conditioning in summer .Saving energy is a hot topic for such a big place ! Many things in the shopping center use energy

32、 .Electric lights ,infrared faucets and airconditioners need electricity to work .One way to save energy is by keeping lights clean .More and more dust and dirt make the lights less bright .When shopping centers keep lights clean ,they can use fewer lights and keep the area just as bright .Using few

33、er lights means using less energy. You step up to the water faucets.The water starts to flow.You dont have to touch a thing .Why do shopping centers have such expensive and fashionable faucets ?The answer is simple .They save water .Sometimes people forget to turn the water off after they wash .Infr

34、ared (红外感应)faucets turn themselves off. ( )1._is a hot topic for a big shopping center . A.to spend money B.to save energy C.To keep the shopping center bright D.To buy things( )2.Shopping centers use infrared faucets mainly because _ A.they save water B.they are expensive C.they are simple D.they a

35、re fashionable( )3.Which of the following cant save energy ? A.Using fewer lights B.Using infrared faucets C.Using airconditioners D.Keeping lights clean ( )4.What does the underlined word flow mean in Chinese ? A.跑步 B. 流淌 C. 停止 D. 漏掉( )5.The best title for the passage is _. A.Lights ,faucets and ai

36、r-conditioners B.Spending less money C.Energy saving in the shopping centers D.Going shopping 五.综合填空 Fast food is becoming more and more popular recently .Many kids l_ fast food ,so its becoming harder and harder for p_ to keep their kids healthy b_ too much fast food is bad for their health . Kids

37、love candy .It can be hard for you to s_ “no” to your kids when they ask for some .However ,too m_ candy can bring many illness .Luckily ,introducing fruit as an alternative to candy is a great w_ to solve these problems .Fruit has a l_ of vitamins which are needed for our bodies .Natural sugar insi

38、de it makes it sweet e_ to be enjoyed by everyone .And it can be fun to spend time making colourful fruit salad with your kids .whenever you want to b_ food for your kids ,choose healthy food i_ of everything that your kids like .1._2._ 3._ 4._5._6._ 7._ 8._9._10._六.完成句子.1.在我的记忆中，我三岁就被送到幼儿园了。_, I _

39、to the kindergarten at the age of three.2.乱丢纸张和金属是浪费的。Its wasteful _ paper and metal.3.其实，即使是最简单的日常小事也能对保护环境产生很大影响。In fact , even the simplest everyday activities can _ to the environment.4.我很惊讶那块岩石有那么大。I _how big the rock is.5.你不允许触碰这些展品。You _ to touch the exhibits.七.作文为了构建和谐社会,我们每个人都有责任遵守社会规则和保护地球

40、环境.请根据以下提示,写一篇90词左右的短文.不迟到认真听课不抄袭他人的作业和同学友好相处尊敬父母帮助做一些家务不浪费水,电垃圾分类不大声喧哗不随地吐痰请写一条建议 In order to build a harmonious society ,all of us should obey the social rules and protect our environment ._ If everyone does something to help our society and our environment ,our world will be much more beautiful .

41、加油站 一.用词的适当形式填空。1.He answered the question correctly and the teacher was _ (please ).2._ (luck )it doesnt rain today .We can go for a walk .3.I think Chinese is as _ (importance ) as maths .4.LinTao ran past WangPeng and became the _ (win ) .5.Dont touch the machines .They are _ (danger ).6.The _ (n

42、ine ) month of the year is September .7.The TV programme is _ (enjoy).二、选择( )1.Would you like something sweet?Ive had enough. _. A. Thanks all the same B. Dont trouble me C. Yes,please. D. No, I would like some( )2. Today, the forests have almost gone. People must _ down too many trees. A. stop cut

43、B. stop from cutting C. stop to cut D. be stopped from cutting( )3. The match had _ for half an hour when I got to the football field. A. lasted B. be lasted C. been lasted D. being on( )4. The glass _ water. A. was filled of B. was fill with C. was full of D. was fulled of( )5. Smoking and drinking

44、 will _ . A. do you harm B. be harm to you C. do you harm D. harm to you( )6.This new kind of car can run _ a speed of 200 kilometers an hour .A. in B. at C. on D. at( ) 7.These old cell phones were made _.A.in the 1990s B.on 1980s C.in the 1980 D.in1980三用it, one, ones, that或those填空:1. The weather o

45、f Beijing is colder than _ of Guangzhou.2. Hard beds are healthier than soft _.3. This pen doesnt work. I have to buy another _. 4. The weather here is too cold. I dont like _. 5. His ideas were a little different from _ of his friends. 四主题匹配( ) 1.When we walk across the road ,we must stop and look both ways before crossing the road .Look left first ,next look right ,and then look left again. Only when we are sure that the road is clear ,we can cross it .The right