Unit 5 The power of nature-Reading(已备)

1、Unit 5 warming up and readingWarming up Remember what happened on Dec 26, 2004?Tsunami hits Indonesia TsunamiDo you know any other natural disasters ?natural disasterssandstormtyphoon floodhurricane tornadoearthquaketsunamilandslidesnowstormdroughtChina suffered massive flooding concentrated in thre

2、e areas during the 1998 summer. 1976年7月28日凌晨3时42分，河北省冀东地区的唐山、丰南 一带突然发生7.8级强地震，新兴的重工业城市唐山蒙受惨重灾难，被夷为一片废墟。 hurricanetyphoon disasterdroughtlandslidesandstormHeavy snowstorm hits Shandong Peninsula21 Dec 2005 snowstormHave you ever seen a volcano ?volcano-eruption公元公元7979年维苏威火山的爆发年维苏威火山的爆发掩埋了一座城市！掩埋了一座城

3、市！ 虽然地球史上每一次火山爆虽然地球史上每一次火山爆发无不令地貌沧海桑田，但发无不令地貌沧海桑田，但公元公元7979年维苏威火山的爆发年维苏威火山的爆发 却的确令一座城市获得了永却的确令一座城市获得了永生生-庞贝无法躲过火山的劫庞贝无法躲过火山的劫难，但它被掩埋封存在渐渐难，但它被掩埋封存在渐渐冷却、凝固、变硬的火山灰冷却、凝固、变硬的火山灰中，最终竟躲过了上千年岁中，最终竟躲过了上千年岁月的侵蚀。月的侵蚀。 Vesuvius entered the history of volcanology with the eruption of 79 AD, described by Pliny t

4、he Younger. The eruption destroyed Pompeii, Herculaneum, Oplonti and Stabiae and caused the death of Pliny the Elder among many other people. Have you ever considered how weak humans are compared with a volcano, hurricane or earthquake?What do you know about volcano?Do you know how a volcano erupts?

5、volcano-eruptionBoiling rock erupts from the crater; the lava flows slowly down the mountain. Magma chamberLavaCraterAsh cloud/volcanic ashHow is a volcano formed?The rocks under the earth become hotter and hotter and erupt from the mountain.Where is most possible for a volcano to erupt?Near the oce

6、ans.an extinct volcanoan active volcanotypes of volcanoesa dormant volcanoactive volcano (=one that may erupt at any time)dormant volcano (=one that is not active at the moment)extinct volcano (=one that is no longer active at all)What qualities are needed for a volcanologist?Are you suitable for be

7、ing a volcanologist ?Answer “yes”or “no” to the following questions.Pre-reading Yes No 1 Do you like working outside as well as inside?2 Do you enjoy travelling to unusual places?3 Do you enjoy taking risks?4 Do you dislike doing the same thing every day?5 Do you like adventure in your life?6 Are yo

8、u interested in studying rocks and other things that make up the surface of the earth?I would like/ wouldnt like to be a volcanologist because.An Exciting JobReading What is the writer? When did he first see an eruption? How did it look like? What was he wearing when getting close to the crater? And

9、 what was the result?Skim the text and answer the following questions: What is the writer? When did he first see an eruption? How did it look like?He is a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory. He mainly collects information about Mount Kilauea.It was in the second week after he

10、 arrived in Hawaii. It was very bright although it was night. Red lava fountained hundreds of meters into the air and it was a fantastic sight.3. What was he wearing when getting close to the crater? And what was the result?He was wearing white protective suits that covered his whole body, helmets,

11、big boots and special gloves, just like a spaceman. As a result, it made him difficult to walk.What kind of things should a volcanologist do? Collect and evaluate information about volcanoes. 2. What is the volcanologist wearing when getting close to the crater? White protective suits that covered h

12、is whole body, helmets, big boots, special gloves. He looks just like a spaceman.Part 1(Para 1-2) Part 2(Para 3-4) Part 3(Para 5) The writers job and its importance The writers experience of watching the volcano eruptionThe reasons for the writers enthusiasm about his jobThe main idea of the passage

13、:Part one (Para 1- Para 2) Part one (Para 1- Para 2) 1) Why is a volcanologists job important?2) Where is Mount Kilauea?3) The writer doesnt mind the occasional danger of his job because _ _.It can warn people when the volcano is going to erupt and save many lives.In Hawaii. danger excites him and m

14、ake him feel alivePart two (Para 3- Para 4) Part two (Para 3- Para 4) Why is the lava that flows on Mount Kilauea more dangerous than the actual eruption? What made the author realize that an eruption occurred?a. I heard a strange sound.b. my bedroom became as bright as day.c. my bed began shaking.d

15、. I ran out of the house into the back garden.1234Part two (Para 3- Para 4) Part two (Para 3- Para 4) 3. What does the writer mean by using “lucky” in the sentence “I was lucky enough to have a much closer look at it.”?4. Why did the scientists have to get close to the volcano after it began eruptin

16、g?To get some lava for later study.It was his first sight of an eruption.It was the first time for him to watch the crater.Part three (Para 5) Part three (Para 5) What attracts the writer after he has studied volcanoes for more than twenty years? The author is impressed by the beauty of the eruption

17、 and also by its potential to cause great damage. 1.Why is a volcanologists job important? Volcanologists study volcanoes so that they can warn people when the volcano is going to erupt and so save many lives. 2. Where is Mount Kilauea? Mount Kilauea is in Hawaii.Scan the text and answer the followi

18、ng questions: 4. What caused the writers bedroom to become as bright as day even though it was night? The light that was caused by the red-hot rocks and gases that erupted from the volcano.3. Why is the lava that flows on Mount Kilauea more dangerous than the actual eruption? The lava flows down the

19、 mountain and can cover up or burn villages in its path. The rocks that erupt from the volcano usually dont damage anything because no one lives near the crater.5. Why did the scientists have to get close to the volcano after it began erupting? The scientists needed to get samples of the lava so the

20、y could study them.6. Why was it difficult for the writer to walk towards the edge of the crater? The author was wearing special protective clothing that made it difficult to walk.7. What does the writer find impressive about volcanoes even after studying them for many years? The writer finds their

21、beauty and also their potential to cause great destruction.Having learned a little more about the work of a volcanologist, do you think it is a occupation you would enjoy? Give your reasons.No. I probably wouldnt enjoy this job because I would have to live in other countries and also I dont like bei

22、ng in dangerous. Also, Im not very good at science.Yes, Id like to do a job like this because I would enjoy working outside and I think I would enjoy the adventure. It would be exciting to meet people from different countries and I would feel good about helping people avoid danger.1)Preview new word

23、s in this unit and the passage on P34.2)Read the text again and find the difficult & long sentences you cant understand. Homework 1. volcanopl. volcanoes-logy: “ 学学/论论”volcanology-ist “学家学家 ”volcanologist 活火山活火山死火山死火山休眠火休眠火山山火山学火山学scientistpianist 火山学家火山学家biologyoceanology an active volcano an e

24、xtinct volcano a dormant volcano2. eruptIts many years since Mount Vesuvius last erupted.2)（搏斗，暴力事件，噪音等）突然发生，爆发（搏斗，暴力事件，噪音等）突然发生，爆发 Violence has erupted on the streets.erupt into laughter/shouting/crying突然大笑突然大笑/叫喊叫喊/大哭大哭He erupted into laughter without any reason.1) 1)（火山）爆发，喷发（火山）爆发，喷发3. alongside

25、 1) prep. with “和和” ; beside “在在.旁边旁边”Its a pleasure to work alongside such men. The boat pulled up alongside the dock（码头）（码头）.2) adv. 在旁边在旁边;沿着沿着;靠拢着靠拢着;并排地并排地The police car drew up alongside. 拓展：拓展：alongside of 在在旁边，与旁边，与并排，并排，与与相比相比alongside with 与与一起，一起， 除除.以外以外4 . equipment 【u】 n.配备配备,装备装备The c

26、omplete equipment of the new hospital will take a year. 把这个新医院的设备配齐要化一年时间。把这个新医院的设备配齐要化一年时间。 设备，设备， 器材器材This is a usual piece of equipment for the kitchen.medical / office equipment equip v. 装备装备,使有准备使能够做某事使有准备使能够做某事Equip ourselves with knowledgeEquip the army with modern weapons5. bore I am _ with

27、the same old routine day after day. The book is _. I am sorry I spoke for so long. I hope I didnt _ you. My father is always _ us with his stories about the war. boredboringboreboringbore sb. to death 使某人厌烦得要命使某人厌烦得要命6. appoint vt.任命任命,指派指派 appoint sb. as/to beThey appointed him (to be) manager.约定约定

28、,指定指定;安排安排Our visitors arrived at the appointed time. 拓展：拓展：appoint sb. to do sth. appoint a time / place / for sth. / to do sth. The time appointed for the meeting is 10:30.appointment n.(尤指正式的尤指正式的)约会约会 +withhave an appointment with sb. 与某人约会与某人约会I have an appointment with them in the evening. 7.

29、evaluate 评估，评评估，评价价没见过他的工作，我无法评估他的能力。没见过他的工作，我无法评估他的能力。I cannot _ without seeing his work.evaluate water quality , evaluate method , evaluate factorevaluation n. 评估，评价，评估报告评估，评价，评估报告They made an intensive evaluation of the health care program.evaluate his ability8. burn to the ground 完全完全(楼房等楼房等)烧毁烧

30、毁 He has no place to live in because his house has been burnt to the ground. 与与burn搭配的常用词组有：搭配的常用词组有： burn away烧掉烧掉 Half of the candle had burnt away. burn down 渐渐烧完渐渐烧完 The room grew colder as the fire burnt down. burn sth. down 把把烧得精光烧得精光 Dont forget to turn off the gas-you might burn the house do

31、wn. burn up 烧得更旺烧得更旺 He put more wood on the fire to make it burn up. burn sth. up 把把烧掉烧掉 He has burnt up all the garden rubbish. burn off 烧掉某物，消耗烧掉某物，消耗 burn to death 烧死烧死 burn out 烧光烧光 burn oneself out 耗尽某人精力耗尽某人精力9. wave v. 1）指固定的物体上下摆动或摇动）指固定的物体上下摆动或摇动2）（指人）挥手、招手、摆手）（指人）挥手、招手、摆手3）（使某物）呈弧形）（使某物）呈

32、弧形a flag waving in the breeze , a field of waving corn;He waved ( to us ) when he saw us.She has her hair waved .n. 波浪，波浪，The storm whipped up (掀起了掀起了) huge waves.拓展：拓展：wave band （无线电波）波段（无线电波）波段 wave length （光波、声波等的）波长（光波、声波等的）波长 in waves 一批一批，一阵一阵一批一批，一阵一阵wave sth. aside 不理会某事不理会某事10. However, the

33、 eruption itself is really exciting to watch and I shall never forget my first sight of one. 然而火山喷发本身的确是很壮观的，我永然而火山喷发本身的确是很壮观的，我永远也忘不了我第一次看见火山喷发时的情远也忘不了我第一次看见火山喷发时的情景。景。 在在“主语主语+be+形容词形容词+不定式不定式”句型中，有句型中，有时主语是不定时结构的逻辑主语，这时应时主语是不定时结构的逻辑主语，这时应用主动形式表示被动含义。适合于此结构用主动形式表示被动含义。适合于此结构的形容词比较多，最常用的有的形容词比较多，最常

34、用的有amusing, dangerous, difficult, easy, important, nice, pleasant 等。等。 当上述形容词在句子做宾语补足语，当上述形容词在句子做宾语补足语，后接不定式，不定式也用主动形式表后接不定式，不定式也用主动形式表被动意义被动意义That question is difficult to answer.Chicken legs are nice to eat.I found him easy to get along with.They dont think the game interesting to play.sight , sce

35、ne , scenery, view sight: 表示表示“风景，名胜风景，名胜”时用复数形式，时用复数形式，人文景观；还有人文景观；还有“视力视力”意思。意思。 scene： 指一眼可以浏览的风景，不限于自指一眼可以浏览的风景，不限于自然风景。然风景。 scenery：集合名词，至该地区的：集合名词，至该地区的“整个风整个风景景”，是有多个，是有多个scene构成的景色。构成的景色。 view : 常指在远处或高处，一人的角度看到常指在远处或高处，一人的角度看到的的scenery一部分。一部分。 Birds have better sight than dogs. We have a fi

36、ne view of the lake from our hotel window. Guilin is world-famous for its scenery. There are many beautiful scenes in the park.12. Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didnt take much notice. 由于我已经在夏威夷经历过好几次地震，由于我已经在夏威夷经历过好几次地震，所以我并没过多注意。所以我并没过多注意。 Having分词短语在句中作状语，表示分词短语在

37、句中作状语，表示动作发生在主句动作动作发生在主句动作take notice之前。之前。 Having cleaned the classroom, the students went to the playground to watch the football match. take notice of sb or sth 注意到注意到（常用于（常用于否定句）否定句） Take no notice of what others say about your way of life.13. absolute adj. 完全的完全的;真实的真实的 absolutely adv.完全地完全地;绝对

38、地绝对地e.g. Its an _ fact. -Do you let your kids walk alone at night? -_not. You are _ right. Its _ impossible. I have _ trust in you. There is no _ standard for beauty.absoluteAbsolutelyabsolutelyabsolutelyabsoluteabsolute 拓展拓展:absolute zero 绝对零度绝对零度absolute majorityabsolute trustabsolute proof 确凿证据确凿

39、证据absolutely adv.完全地，无条件地完全地，无条件地,完全完全对对absolutely right 十分对，对极了，当十分对，对极了，当然（口语，作为对一问题的回答或评然（口语，作为对一问题的回答或评语）语）-Do you let your kids walk alone at night? -Absolutely not. 14. make ones way 向某地走去向某地走去, 有出息有出息她犹豫了一下她犹豫了一下,但向前走去但向前走去.She hesitated, but _.她快速离开房间她快速离开房间,朝她床边走去朝她床边走去.She hastily left the

40、 room ,and _ _.你若想要有出息你若想要有出息,趁年轻的时候要学会发奋趁年轻的时候要学会发奋.If you want to _, you must learn to work hard while you are still young.made her way forward made her way to her bedmake your way in the world所有的车辆都得给救火车让路所有的车辆都得给救火车让路.All the traffic has to _ _.我将把职务让给更年轻的人我将把职务让给更年轻的人.I shall _ . make way for a

41、 fire truckmake way for younger peopleMake way for 为为让路让路 拓展拓展:feel one way 摸索前进摸索前进push ones way 挤过挤过find ones way 找到路，设法到达找到路，设法到达go ones way 走自己的路，我行我素走自己的路，我行我素fight ones way 奋勇前进奋勇前进wind ones /its way 蜿蜒前进蜿蜒前进lose ones way 迷路迷路Stuggle ones way挣扎着前进挣扎着前进15. Today, I am just as enthusiastic about

42、 my job as the day I first started. 如今，我和当初从事这项工作时一样满怀如今，我和当初从事这项工作时一样满怀热情。热情。 在句中，在句中，the day 作复合连词用，引导时间作复合连词用，引导时间状语从句状语从句I first started 名词短语名词短语each time, every time, the moment（一（一就）和就）和the day 等都可以用作复合等都可以用作复合名词，引导时间状语从句，使用时注意短名词，引导时间状语从句，使用时注意短语前面不可以有介词，后面不用语前面不可以有介词，后面不用when. I will give hi

43、m your message the minute he arrives. He bought a computer the day he got his salary.16. potential n. U. 可能性可能性;潜力潜力,潜能潜能 (+for) She has acting potential, but she needs training. He is a young player with great potential. It was his high school teacher that discovered his potential and kept encourag

44、ing him. adj. 潜在的，可能的潜在的，可能的 A number of potential buyers expressed interest in the company. Education develops potential abilities. Discovering useful Discovering useful words and words and expressionsexpressions 1 Replace the underlined parts with a word or phrase of similar meaning from the text.

45、 Rewrite the sentence if necessary. We received the written set of questions from the company as they were eager to find out our opinion on their products. the questionnaire2. The car drew up next to the side of our car and the driver waved to us. 3. The scientists were studying carefully to see how

46、 successful the experiment is. alongsideThe scientists were evaluating the experiment4. I moved carefully over the fallen rocks and returned to the car.5. I think the boy is likely to achieve success in painting, but he needs training.6. The teacher was given the job because he was the best candidat

47、e. made my wayhas potentialappointed7. It is certain that the factory will greatly raise their efficiency if they have modern machines and tools. 8. Charles looked at the drawing that shows how the machine works and knew immediately what was wrong with it. equipmentdiagram2 Complete the paragraph wi

48、th the words in the box in the correct forms. burn to the ground absolute volcano eruption wave fountain ash lava erupt The eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79AD took the people of Pompeii by surprise.They had always known that the mountain was a _ but it had been quiet for so long that nobody saw it a

49、s a threat. When the volcano finally did _, volcanoeruptit was so quick and so severe that the town was soon covered in _ and _. A writer called Pliny, who was there during the _, described how lava was thrown into the air like a _. After it fell to earth, it turned into _ of lava which travelled do

50、wn ashlavaeruptionfountainwavesthe mountain faster than people could run away. It was an _ disaster for those who could not escape in time. Many of the wooden houses and bungalows in Pompeii were _, but the stone houses remained under the ash until they were rediscovered during the 20th century.abso

51、luteburned to the groundDiscovering useful Discovering useful structuresstructures本课时重、难点本课时重、难点 重点重点: 动词动词-ing形式的作用形式的作用 动词动词-ing形式在做状语时的作用形式在做状语时的作用 难点难点:动词动词-ing形式的一般式与完成式的区别形式的一般式与完成式的区别Revising the ing form观察下列例句观察下列例句, 思考划线部分作用。思考划线部分作用。(1) This is an interesting book. ( )(2) The man sitting b

52、y the window is our maths teacher. ( )(3) Seeing the teacher entering the room, the students stood up. ( )(4) I saw the boy walking on the street yesterday. ( )(5) Playing football is his favotire sport. ( ) (6) I didnt stop working last night. ( )(7) My work is teaching English. ( )定语定语定语定语状语状语宾补宾补

53、 主语主语宾语宾语表语表语归纳总结：归纳总结：动词动词-ing是是 _ 中的一种，中的一种， 单独使用时单独使用时, 能在句中做除能在句中做除_ 之外的任何其他句子成分。如之外的任何其他句子成分。如: 主语、主语、 宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾补等。宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾补等。在语态上，动词在语态上，动词-ing表示表示 _ (主动主动/被动的动作被动的动作)。 在时间上在时间上, 动词动词-ing一般表示一般表示 _ (正在进行正在进行/已经完成已经完成)的动作。的动作。 动词非谓语形式动词非谓语形式谓语谓语主动主动正在进行正在进行用法用法例句例句时间时间 Walking along th

54、e street, I met Mary. (= While I was walking along the street.)在街上走的时候在街上走的时候, 我遇到了玛丽。我遇到了玛丽。一、动词一、动词-ing形式作状语形式作状语用法用法例句例句原因原因 Being tired, I stopped to take a rest. (= Because I was tired, )因为疲倦因为疲倦, 我停下来休息。我停下来休息。条件条件 Turning to the left, you will find the school. (= If you turn to the left, ) 向左

55、走向左走, 你就会找到那个学校。你就会找到那个学校。用法用法例句例句让步让步 Knowing where I live, he never comes to see me .(= Though he knows where I live, ) 尽管他知道我的住处尽管他知道我的住处, 但从不来但从不来看我。看我。用法用法例句例句伴随伴随 I stood there, waiting for her. (= , and waited for her.) 我站在那儿等她。我站在那儿等她。结果结果 It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in the ar

56、ea. (= It rained heavily so that it caused severe flooding in the area.) 在这个地方雨在这个地方雨下的如此大下的如此大, 以至引发了洪灾。以至引发了洪灾。二、动词二、动词 ing形式的完成式形式的完成式句型句型主动主动Having + p.p. , 主语主语+谓语谓语被动被动(Having been) + p.p. , 主语主语+谓语谓语用法用法1) ing形式的完成式所表示的形式的完成式所表示的时间在谓语动词之前时间在谓语动词之前2) 表示被动可直接用过去分词表示被动可直接用过去分词例句例句Having finished

57、 my work, I went home. (= After I had finished my work, )工作做完之后工作做完之后, 我就回家了。我就回家了。观察下列观察下列2个句子个句子, 体会体会having done与与doing的不同用法的不同用法: 1) Having written the letter, John went to the post office.2) Seeing the beautiful sight, the children felt excited. 总结总结: V-ingdoinghaving done表动作表动作有先有后有先有后表动作表动作同时

58、发生同时发生一般式一般式完成式完成式举一反三举一反三 : V-ingdoinghaving done一般式一般式完成式完成式being donehaving been done主动主动被动被动Exercise 1: 1) 她被蛇咬了三次后她被蛇咬了三次后, 她看见蛇后就害怕。她看见蛇后就害怕。 _ _ _2) 正在进行的那个会议非常重要。正在进行的那个会议非常重要。 _ _Having been bitten by the snake for three times, she feels frightenedThe meeting being held now is of great impo

59、rtance.when seeing the snake.1) _ him the answer several timeS, I didt know whether he could understand.2) _ the answer several times, he still couldnt sovle the question.Having toldHaving been toldExercise 2: 用用having been told /having told填空：填空：主动主动被动被动归纳归纳主句主语为动作的主句主语为动作的发出者发出者。主句主语为动作的主句主语为动作的承受

60、者承受者。Answer key for Exercise 1 on Page 37 :Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists Having worked hard all day, I went to bed early.Having earlier collected special clothes from the observatory, we put them on before Having studied volcanoes now for many years, I am still