鲁教版七年级下册unit5重要知识点精讲

1、新鲁教版七下unit5精讲1. Jenny,can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon?(33页)On Satueday afternoon,“在周六下午”，当具体到某一天或某一天的上午、下午、晚上时，用介词on ，而不用in。on Monday evening 2. Sure，I'd love to .(33页)I'd love to=I would like /love to .“我愿意”。常用来愉快地答应对方的请求、建议、或邀请，其中to不能省略。Sorry。I can't。常用来拒绝别人的邀请。-can you

2、go shoppong with me?- Sure，I'd love to ./ Sorry。I can't.I have to do my homework.3.I have to help my parents.(33页)解析have to “b必须；不得不”，强调由于外界客观因素而不得不做某事，有人称、数、时态的变化，后接动词原形。He had to go there on foot because there was something wrong with his car.辨析have to;musthave to 表示客观需要，有人称、数和时态的变化，其否定形式是

3、 don't have toMust表示说话人的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务去做某事，没有时态和数的变化，其否定形式为mustn't“禁止”4Prepare for an exam.(第33页)解析;1）prepare此处用作不及物动词，“使做好准备；把。准备好”，其名词形式为preparation，“准备；准备工作”，常用短语：2)prepare for sth。“为某事做准备”。Sally is preparing for her performance now.萨利正在为表演做准备。3)Prepare to do sth.”准备做某事”。The Greens prepar

4、e to go on a vacation.格林一家准备去度假。4)prepare还可作及物动词，“准备”，后接名词或代词作宾语。Our teacher is preparing his lessons.She prepared us a nice breakfast.5)exam 可数名词。“考试”，表示一次考试时，其前应用an，即an exam。5.have the flu(第33页)患感冒，表示状态。flu是不可数名词，“流行性感冒；流感”。Have在此意为“患上；遭受”，Tom doesn't go to school because he has the flu.拓展：hav

5、e表示“患病”的常用短语Have a cold感冒 have a cough 咳嗽Have a fever发烧 have a headache 头疼Have a sore throat 喉咙痛 have a toothache牙痛6.I'm sorry,I'm not available.很抱歉 ，我没空。（34页）Available形容词，“有空的；可获得的”，其同义词是free。The doctor is not available now.医生现在没空。7.I have too much home work this weekend.（31页）这个周末我有太多的家庭作业（

6、要做）。Too much意为“太多的”，常用来修饰不可数名词。don't eat too much meat.辨析too much ;much tootoo much“太多”通常作定语，后跟不可数名词，much too“极其；非常；太。”相当于副词very，常用来修饰形容词或副词。The students are much too tired after they finish too much homework.助记：去掉前词看后头，much可接不可数，too则修饰形adj。或副adv。8.oh,bot Sam isn't leaving until next Wednesd

7、ay.(第34页)1）Until此处作介词，其后跟名词或名词短语，“（表示动作、状态的持续）到。时；直到。为止”。2)until还可作连词，其后跟句子，表示动作、状态持续到另一动作或状态出现之前，意为“直到。为止”。Mary didn't go to bed until she finished reading that book last night.昨晚玛丽直到读完那本书才去睡觉。The children won't come home until it is dark.孩子们直到天黑才回家。3）Until用于肯定句时，主句的谓语为延续性动词，表示该动作一直持续到until

8、所表示的时间。until用于否定句时，句子谓语常为非延续性动词，此时until与not 构成固定结构，not。until，“直到。才”。I waited until three o'clock.The niose didn't stop until midnight.噪音一直到午夜才停止。He didn't go home until 8 o'clock last night.他昨晚直到八点才回家。9Can you hang out with us on Monday.(34页)解析：hang out“常去某处；泡在某处”，其中hang为动词，意为“悬挂；垂下”

9、，其过去式为hung。Where do you usually hang out with your friends?你通常和朋友们在哪闲逛？拓展;有hang构成的短语Hang on 紧紧抓住 hang about （在某处附近）闲逛hang up 挂断电话；悬挂；挂起10Catch you on Monday。解析1）此处catch you 常用于口语。“再见” 2）catch动词，意为“及时赶上；接住；抓住”，其第三人称单数catches，其过去式caught。He didn't catch my ball.I caught him just as he was leaving t

10、he buiding.拓展：由catch构成的短语：catch a cold感冒 catch sb's eyes引起某人的注意 catch the train赶上火车 catch up with 赶上；跟上Catch hold of 抓住11.invite动词，“邀请”。They invited me to a birthday party.常用搭配：invite sb。to +地点,“邀请某人去某地”She invited me to her house.Invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事。The man invited Mary to dance with hi

11、m.12.accept动词，“接受”。其反义词refuse。I accepted his girt with pleasure.拓展receive动词，“收到；接到”。一言辨析：He received a gift ,but he didn't accept it.Receive指客观上“收到”，accept指主观上（愿意）“接受”，客观上receive，但主观上不一定accept。13.I'm afraid not.恐怕不能。解析：I'm afraid。意为“恐怕。”，用于推测令人不愉快的事。表示否定时，用I'm afraid not；表示肯定时，用I'

12、;m afraid so。“恐怕如此”。-look at the black coluds.It looks like rain.- I'm afraid so。“恐怕如此”。Can you go to the concert?-Sorry, I'm afraid not.恐怕不能.14.who are you going to the movies with?(35页)解析：本句为现在进行时表示将来，英语中，一些表示位置移动的动词，如go，come，move，fly等，均可以用现在进行时表示将来。Liu Hui is coming tonight.15.would like“

13、（表示意愿）愿意；喜欢”，（35页）解析：would like 意为“想要”，相当于want，但比want更委婉。Would like 没有人称和数的变化，变一般疑问句时，只要把would提前即可。Would you like some bread?搭配：would like sth。想要某物I 'd like a bottle of water。Would like to do sth。想要做某事。We'd like to go to the zoo.Would like sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事。=want sb.to do sth.They 'd

14、 like you to help them.16.refuse,动词，“拒绝；”Refuse to do sth. “拒绝做某事”。注意：refuse只接动词不定式，不能接v-ing形式。没有refuse sb.to do sth. 的搭配。Refuse后也不能接宾语从句。Section B 部分1. the day before yesterday.前天（第36页） 是一般过去时的标志之一。Where did you go the day before yesterday.2. the day after tomorrow 后天（第36页）是一般将来时的标志之一。They will fly

15、 to Beijing the day after tomorrow.3.weekday,可数名词，“工作日（星期一到星期五的如何一天）”，常用短语on weekdays，“在工作日；平日里（指星期一到星期五）”。拓展weekend名词，“周末”，on/at weekends“在周末”。指星期六和星期天，(用介词 at 为英国英语，用 on 为美国英语)，I only work on weekdays,not on weekends3. What's today?(第36页)今天是什么日期/日子？1）是询问日期和星期的常用语。用来提问今天是几号、星期几。回答时，通常用星期和日期，一般星

16、期在前，日期在后。也可以用节日。-What's today?-It's Teachers'Day.-What's today?-It's Friday the third.2）拓展：如果询问星期几，要用whatday is it today？-It's Monday。回答要用星期。3）询问日期，要用what's the date today?“今天是几月 几号？”回答要用日期。It's March 18th.4. look after his sister.(第36页)1)look after“照料；照顾”，相当于take car

17、e of。Don 't worry.The teacher will look after these children.2)注意：如果表示“好好照顾”。用look after.well，或 take good care of。You should look after the dog well.=You should take good care of the dog.3)有关look的短语；look at 看 look for 寻找 look around 环视 look forward to 期盼；盼望 look out 小心，look up 仰视；查阅5.Can you pla

18、y tennis with me .(第36页)Play tennis，“打网球”，play与球类名词连用，球类名词前不能加任何冠词；而当play与西洋乐器名词连用时，西洋乐器名词前必须加定冠词the。Play basketball，play soccer，play the piano，play the violin拉小提琴5. turn down an invitation.(第37页)解析1)turn down 此处意为“拒绝”，相当于refuse。为“动词+副词”类短语，当人称代词作其宾语时，应方在turn和down 之间。Why did you turn down his invita

19、tion?2）turn down，还可表示“调低”。Please turn down the radio;I am trying to sleep.3）有关turn的常用短语Turn on打开 turn off 关闭 turn up 调高Turn over 翻身 take turns依次；轮流6. What a good idea.(第37页)解析这是一个有what引导的感叹句。其机构为“whata/an+形容词+单数可数名词+（主语+谓语）”。！What a beautiful girl (she is)！拓展;其他常见的感叹句结构;1） what+形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+（主语+

20、谓语）！What dilicious food!2） how +形容词/副词+主语+谓语！How beautiful she is !How well she play the piano!What an interesting book it is!=How interesting the book is!7. she helped me to improve my English so much.(第37页)解析1）help sb to do sth，“帮助某人做某事”，也可省略to。Can you help me (to)perpare for the party?3） help sb.

21、with sth.“在 在某方面帮助某人”Mr。Zhang often helps me with my English.4)help oneself to sth.“随便吃某物”。Help yourselves to some fish.5)so much,“如此多”，其中so起加强语气的作用，so much 后可接不可数名词，也可修饰动词，作状语。There was so much niose outside.Thank you so much.8. I'm sad to see her go,and this partyis the best way to say “thank

22、you and goodbye.”(第37页) 解析1)sad形容词，“令人悲伤的；令人难过的”，其比较级是sadder，最高级是saddest。名词形式是sadness“悲伤；悲痛”I 'm so sad to hear the bad news.2）see sb. do sth.“看见某人做某事”，如果表示”看见某人正在做某事”，则用“see sb.doing sth.”I often see the boy play soccer in the park.I saw the boy playing soccer when I walked in the park.3)the be

23、st way to do sth.“做某事的最好方法/方式”。The best way to remember new words is repeating.9.My family is taking a trip to Wuhan at the end of this month to visit my aunt and uncle.(第37页)解析1）take a trip，“去旅行”。I want to take a trip to Beijing next year.联想；go on a trip去旅行2）at the end of “在。的末尾；在。的尽头”，可以表示时间，也可以表示

24、地点。You can see a bookstore at the end of the road.At the end of the month,we 'll have an exam.拓展:by the end of 意为“到。末为止”，We have learned 1,000 words by the end of last month.In the end,“最后；终于”，与finally，at last同义。He found the bag in the end.9.however,I'd still be glad to help out with any of

25、the party preparations,like planning the game.(第37页)解析1）glad形容词，“高兴的；愿意的”。I 'm glad to help you. I'm glad to see you. 2）any of the party preparations,聚会准备中的任何事，any 在此句中用作代词，“无论哪个；任何一个/一些”。They 're all free-take any of them you like.3)拓展：glad的用法be glad to do sth.乐意做某事 I'm glad to visi

26、t you。be glad +that 从句，高兴。I'm glad (that)you're safe.be glad about对。感到高兴。He is glad about his new job.9. Let me know if you need my help.(第37)解析1)if连词，如果注意：在含有if引导的条件状语从句的复合句中，当主句用一般将来时，if从句用一般现在时表示将来。If it doesn't rain tomorrow,we will go out.2)if 作连词，还可意为“是否”。I don't know if he wil

27、l come to the party.我不知道他是否会来参加聚会。10.As I'm sure you know by now, our favorite teacher,Ms.Steen,is leaving soon to go back to the US.。（第37页）解析1）by now“到现在为止”，by在此意为“在。之前；不迟于”。相当于so far。Can you reply to my letter by Friday？2）is leaving “将要离开”，相当于 is going to leave ，是用现在进行时表示按计划或安排要发生的动作。I 'm

28、leaving tomorrow.3)在英语中，表示位置移动的非延续性动词，通常用现在进行时表示即将发生的动作，还有come ，go等。11.To show how much we're going to miss her,let's have a surprise party for her next Friday the 28th!(第37页)为了表达我们将多么的想念她，让我们在28号，也就是下周五，为她举办一个惊喜聚会吧！解析：1）miss 动词，“思念；想念”。The little girl misses her parents very much.2)miss作动词时

29、，还可意为“错过”，Miss，名词，“小姐”。Don't miss the good chance。别错过这个机会。4） surprise名词，“惊奇；惊讶”。What a surprise to meet you here!真想不到会在这里遇见你！3）to one's surprise 令人惊奇的是To our surprise,the old man is still learn English.令我们惊讶的是，这位老人还在学习英语。5） surprise party“惊喜派对；惊喜聚会”。12.Bring Ms.Steen to the party without tel

30、ling her so that she can be surprised.(第37页)解析1）without介词，“没有；不”。其后可接动名词、人称代词宾格形式或名词。Without的反义词为with。They left without saying goodbye.2）一般情况下，含有without的句子可和if。not 。的句子进行互换。I couldn't finish the work without your help.=If you didn't help me,I couldn't finish the work）so that,意为“以便；为的是”，在

31、此引导目的状语从句，常与may，can ，could等连用。I got up early so that I could catch up with the bus.4)so that还可引导结果状语从句，需用逗号隔开，常用于一般过去时，表示过去的情形。He raised his voice,sothat every heard him.6） 辨析：surprised；surprising与surprisesurprised形容词，感到惊讶的，主语通常是人，surprising形容词，主语通常是物surprise名词，惊奇，惊讶surprise动词，使惊讶；是感到意外13.I look for

32、ward to hearing from you all.(第37页)解析：1）look forward to,意为“期待；期盼”，其中to为介词，其后可跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。I am looking forwad to my summer vacation.Nancy looks forward to being a doctor.I am looking forward to visiting HongKong.2)hear from “收到。的来信”。It was great to hear from you.收到你的来信真是太好了。注意：hear from后跟sb，不跟lette

33、r。Hear from sb.相当于 receive/get a letter from sb. I heard from my mother last week.=I received a letter from my mother last week.拓展;hear of=hear about“听说”。I heard of the story.我听说过这个故事。Write to sb。“给某人写信”Kate writes to her parents once a month.凯特一个月给父母写一次信。14.Hope you can make it.(第38页)期待您的光临。解析make

34、it，“能够出场或出席”，在约定时间内感到。相当于arrive on time.I 'm sorry I won't be able to make it on Saturday.很抱歉，星期六我不能出席。拓展：make it的其他用法；make it 获得成功，After years of hard work,he finally made it .多年的辛勤劳动后，他终于成功了。make it 准时到达，If werun,we should make it.如果我们跑得话，应该来得及。15.After this ,you can enjoy our school concert.（第39页）在这之后，你可以欣赏我们学校的音乐会。解析concert，名词，“音乐会；演奏会”。搭配：give a concert ;举办音乐会；go to the concert参加音乐会The famous singer will give a concert in our city.那位著名的歌手将在我市举行音乐会。We had dinner together,and then went to the concert.16.I would als