每周一练动词的时态语态二

1、动词的时态语态（二）时态：表示动作发生或存在状态以及表现方式的一种动词形式。语态：用来说明主语和谓语之间关系的一种动词形式。主动语态表示句子的主语是动作的执行者或行为的主体：被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者或行为的对象英语中，在不同时间，以不同的方式发生的动作或存在的状态要用动词的不同形式表现出来， 动词的这些不同形式构成了动词的时态。一般来说，发生在现在的事情用现在的时态进行描述，发生在过去的事情，用过去的时态进行描述，将要发生的事情用将来的时态进行描述。英语中的时态共计16种，常用的有12种。时间方式现在过去将来过去将来一般worksWorkedshall/ will workshould/

2、 would work进行am/ is/ are work ingwas/ were worki ngshall/willbeshould/ would beworki ngworki ng完成have/ has workedhad workedshall/ willhaveshould/ would haveworkedworked完成进行have/ has bee nhad bee n work ingshall/ willhaveshould/ would haveworki ngbee n work ingbee n work ing在高中阶段，我们将会主要学习到的时态有：一般现在时、

3、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在 进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、现在完成进行时。本次课我们主要讲解现 在进行时、过去进行时一. 现在进行时1. 基本结构肯定形式： am /is /are + doing否定形式： am /is /are + not + doing.一般疑问句：Is /Are+doing？特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句2. 动词的现在分词的构成:动词特征变化例词一般动词直接加-inglook-look ing watch- watch ing以e结尾去e力口-ingcome- coming move- moving以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母先双写该辅

4、音字母，再加-ingswim-swimmi ngrun- runningpla n-pla nning变ie加y再加ingdie-dy ing lie-lyi ng以ie结尾且为重读开音节3. 基本用法：现在进行时表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作。常用的时间状语有：now, right now, atprese nt, at this mome nt, these days. 表示说话时正在进行的动作或存在的状态例: The teleph one is ringing now. Please an swer it. 表示现阶段正在进行，但说话时未必正在进行例: Today the number

5、 of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly.I ' m getting along well with a boy in my class.4. 特殊用法 表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作，用于go, come, stay, leave, do, take, have等少数动作，往往表示“马上就，即将，逐渐地，反复的”。例: I' m goingpn a trip soon.（即将）Actually, I m fdrgetting my Japanese.（逐渐地） 与always, forever, co

6、nstantly, frequently等副词连用，表示赞扬或厌恶的感情色彩。试比较： He always fini shes his homework on time.（习惯）He is always finishing his homework on time.（赞扬）例: I am always forgetting things.（生气）She is always helping others when they are in trouble.（称赞）The children are constantly making noise.（厌烦） 用于时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，代替将来进

7、行时例: If I am sleeping when he comes, wake me up. 用于表示 变化"的动词（如become, get, turn等），强调 逐渐变化"的过程例：It is getting hotter and hotter.二. 过去进行时1. 基本结构肯定形式： was / were + doing否定形式： was /were + not + doing一般疑问句： 把was或were放于句首特殊疑问词：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句2. 用法过去进行时表示过去某时刻或某阶段正在进行的动作。常用的时间状语有：at that time, at fiv

8、eyesterday, the n, this time last ni ght, the whole morning. 表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作例: She was traveling in Tibet this time last year. 表示过去某一时间内正在进行的动作例: We were work ing from two to five yesterday after noon. 表示一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行例: I was surfing the Internet when you phoned.句型：whe n V.S whileA. When sb did

9、sth, sb was/were doing当我到家的时候，妈妈正在做饭答案： When I got home, mom was cook ing.B. When sb was/were doing, sb did sth当我写作业的时候，妈妈回来了答案： When I was doing homework, mom came back.C. When sb did sth, sb did sth当我停车的时候，有个人冲我走来答案： When I stopped my car, some one came over to meD. While sb was/were doing, sb was

10、/were doing （只接延续性动词）当我写作业的时候，哥哥在玩电脑 答案： While I was doing my homework, my brother was playi ng computer games.三. 将来进行时1. 基本结构肯定形式：sb shall/will be doi ng sth否定形式： sb shall/will be not doing sth一般疑问句：Shall/Will sb be doi ng sth?特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 +一般疑问句2. 用法 表示将来某一时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作，常用的时间状语有this time tomorrow,

11、 at10 o ' clock next Mon day, in a minute例: This time tomorrow we Ilbe flying to Hangzhou. 与一般将来时连用，表示在将来某一动作之后要做的事情例: My summer vacation will end soon. I II bW having classes.、丿 练一练1. 观察下列例句，将序号填入对应用法之后的空白栏中 She is always asking the same question. Look! The boy is dozing off. My sister was read

12、ing a book when a stranger came in. He will be having a meeting at 9 tomorrow morning, so please don' t call him at that time. It was getting darker. He will take an important test from 7 to 9 tomorrow evening. She said she was going to London the next year. While he was driving, he was thinking

13、 about the matter. How are you getting along with your English these days? Hurry up! The bus is coming!一般用法进行体一般用法特殊用法“时刻”“时间段”现在进行时表示现在（说话瞬 间）正在进 行或发生的 动作，常与 now等时间 状语连用表示当前 段时间内的 活动或现阶 段正在进行 的动作（说话 时动作不一定正在进 行），常与atprese nt, these days 等连用部分瞬间动词（“善始善终、死去活来”）用现在进行时表将来与 always, forever,continually 和

14、 constantly 等连用，表示多次重复，且含 有感情色彩用于表示“变化”的动词（如become, get, turn 等）, 强调“逐渐变化”的过程过去进行时表示过去某一时刻止在进行的动作表示某段 时间正在进 行或持续的 动作。将来进行时表示将来某一时刻止在进行的动作表示将来某 一段时间正 在进行或持 续的动作2. 单项选择1. When Joh n fin ally got to the top of the mountain, the sunB.shoneD. has shoneA. was shi ningC. has bee n shining2. - What happe ne

15、d to Bill?-Hereally fast when suddenly he ran headfirst into a parked car.A. had runB. was runningC. has runD. has bee n running3. - Tom, can you an swer my questi on?-Er, I am very sorry, Miss Even s. Iabout someth ing else.A. had thoughtB. was thinkingC. will thi nkD. have thought4. Itoward the do

16、or to go outside when suddenly Jim opened it unexpectedly.A. walkedB. was walk ingC. had walkedD. had bee n walk ing5. Davida customer when the fire started.A. servedB. was servi ngC. had servedD. would serve6. - I ' ll give you a ring about eight.-Could you phone a bit later? Idinner the n.A. w

17、ill be havi ngB. have hadC. hadD. was havi ng7. Do we have to wear our school uni forms tomorrow?-I thi nk so. Wethe comin g-of-age ceremony in the after noon.A. will be atte ndingB. have atte ndedC. atte ndD. atte nded8. Markfootball whe n Iready to go home.A. was play ing; amB. is play ing; wasC.

18、was play ing; wasD. played; was9. Wethe final match on TV , when suddenly the electricity.A. watched; cut offB. were watch ing; was cutt ing offC. watched; was cutt ing offD. were watch ing; cut off10. I first met Lisa three years ago .Sheat a radio shop at that mome nt.A. has workedB. was work ing.

19、C. had bee n work ingD. had worked11. - Hi, Lily. Don ' t forget to watch Iat'10:00 SingBriday night!-What a pity! Iin a pla ne to Hai nan for a meet ing the n.A. will sitB. will be sitti ngC. am sitti ngD. sit12. I walked past your house last night. There was an awful lot of noise. What _ y

20、ouA. did; doB. would; doC. had;doneD. were; doing13. Can I come after dinner?Yes, that's fine. Ianything .A. don't doB. won't doC. won't be doing D. am not doing14. I'd like to go to Tommy's birthday party this evening, but I justfrom theflu.A. am; recoveri ngB. will; recoverC. was; recoveri ngD. had; recovered15. The studentcontinuing his studies when he had to return to his home countryun expectedly.A. is con sideri ngB. has c