2013航海英语船长光盘版词汇以及所有阅读理解解析

1、第一章航海图书资料第一节航路指南第一节航海气象要素与常用术语考点 1:航路指南Aadjace nt adj.(to)邻近的毗连的 交界的前后紧接着的，对面的eg. A person may operate an air compressor in which of the following areas on board a tan kbarge? Aspace adjace nt to a cargo tank译：人员可以在液货驳船上那些地方操作空气压缩机？发电机室。alleviate v.减轻缓和(痛苦)amplify v .放大，扩大加强详述eg. Admiralty Saili ng

2、Directions amplify charted detail and con tai n in formatio n n eeded for safe n avigation.译：英版航路指南详细描述海图的细节和安全航行所包含的信息。asymmetrical a.不对称的eg. An ideal moori ng system would be asymmetrical and in equilibrium .译：理想的下锚系统需要对称和平衡。atlas n.地图册，地图集 图册，图集 大张绘图纸eg. For full information regarding the current

3、 circulation of the Indian Ocean,see Sailing Direction,CurrentAtlas，etc.译：对于有关印度洋环流的全部信息，查看航路指南，洋流图集等。 appreciable adj.明显的 看得出的，可估计的 可观的，值得重视的eg. In determining if risk of collision exists,such risk may sometimes exist even when an appreciable bearing chage is evide nt,particularly whe n approach in

4、g very large vessel,a long tow，a vessel at close range译：在确定是否存在碰撞危险，即使当方位有明显变化，特别是当接近一很大的船 ，一组被拖船，近距离时。有时这样的危险可能存在。act on 按照办事，奉行after spring line 后倒缆，尾倒缆，尾斜缆appropriate chart 专用图第二节进港指南考点 2:进港指南Aairport n.气门航空港，飞机场abandon ship drill 弃船演习eg. We test the water spray fire protection system of fire-pro

5、tected lifeboats every3. mon ths, comb ined with the aba ndon shipdrill .译：我们每三个月测试防火救生艇的喷水防火系统，连同弃船训练。atmospheric cha nges 大气变化Bbreakwater n.防坡堤 航空港，飞机场bury v.隐藏，埋没，掩埋，填覆，遮盖，埋葬n.桅杆的甲板下部斜桁的船内部分eg. Attention is called to the fact that in many cases pipelines are not buried and charteddepths may be de

6、creased by up to2. meters.译：被要求关注一个事实：在许多情况下，管道没有被掩埋和海图水深被减少可能高达 2 米。berth ing area 停泊区Ccancellation n.取消，撤销eg. Two hours notice is required for cancellationpifotage.译：两小时的通知，要求取消弓航。clarificatio n n.纯化，澄清，净化 说明，解释eg. If the officer on watch is in any doubt as to the pilot s actions, or intentions, h

7、eshould seek clarificati on from the pilot.译：如果值班驾驶员对引航员的行动和意图有任何疑问时，应向其询问清楚。conn v .指挥操舵，指挥驾驶eg. A bonding cable should be connected for cargo operations aboard a tank vessel assoon as the vessel is ready to han dle cargocardinal mark 方位标志eg. A cardinal mark showing an uninterrupted quick-flashing

8、white light indicates thedeepest water in the area is on the n orth side ofthe mark.译：当方位标显示不间断的快闪白灯，表示该区域的最深处在标志的北面。C02. bottle 二氧化碳筒（灭火器内）eg. An in flatable life raft is throw n in to the water from a sin ki ng vessel. What occursautomatically after the pain ter trips theCO2. bottles to inflate th

9、e raft? The sea anchor deploys译：气胀式救生筏自沉船上抛入水中。在系艇索松开救生筏的CO2 瓶口时自动发生了什么？海锚被打开。Ddirector n.指挥者，领导者，董事，理事，局长，所长，署长，主任2导向装置，引向器 指挥仪，指挥机 （天线）导向偶极子，无源定向偶极子directorate n.董事会，理事会（管理）局，署指导者的职位directorate gen eral 理事会Eemploy v .使从事于，雇用，使用，用eg. The Chief Petty Officer employed in the repair and maintenance wo

10、rk shall havesuch abilities as to prepare and apply primers andpai nts.译：船上所雇用的主要负责维修保养工作的水手长应会备好并打好底漆及面漆。 establishment n.建立，建设 确定，规定 制度，机构 定员编制 extremis n.紧迫危险 极端Ffinger pier 指状码头，竖码头，突码头，突堤Ggangway n.通道，通路，步桥舷梯，跳板3出入口，船梯口，舷门译：结合电缆应该被连接为了液货船上货物的操作尽快船 舶准备装卸货物。eg. Please have the damage on gangway r

11、epaired as soon as possible for account of the StevedoreCompa ny译：请将损坏的舷梯交由装卸公司修理。Hhandhold n.栏杆，扶手，把柄hang on （故障等）继续存在，拉住，随 而定，坚定，持续（绳索）heavy fuel 高粘度燃油，重油height of water 水位落差，水位，潮位Iin blockeg. Each lifebuoy shall be marked in block capitals of Roman alphabet with the port of registry and n ameof t

12、he ship译：每一个救生圈都应该以罗马字母加粗大写的作记号。information service 查询业务，查询台，信息服务in ward bou nd内向航行，进港，返港 进站的Llifebuoy n.救生圈eg. Which one of the following is not required on survival crafts? Lifebuoy. 译：下面哪一个在在救生筏上不需要？救生圈。Mmarina n.小艇停靠区eg. It has a cruise terminal and marina and five commercial wharves handle gene

13、ral cargo, dry bulk andliquid bulk.译：它有邮轮码头和停靠区和 5 个商业码头处理一般货物，干散货和液体散货。 molasses n.糖浆eg. A dedicated sugar terminal also has facilities for bulk molasses译：专用糖码头也有散装糖浆设施。Nno acco unteg. On no account is the S.W.L of the crane to be exceeded 译：该货吊不可超过其安全载重负荷。Oobstruction n.障碍物，阻碍 堵塞（通道等）eg. The sea p

14、ain ter of a rescue boat should be led forward and outboard of all obstructi ons.译：在所有障碍物的前面和外侧在所有障碍物的前面和外侧。occult n.隐藏（光）变暗，遮蔽 adj.看不见，隐伏的，神秘的，隐蔽的eg. An occulting light is one in which the period of light exceeds the period of darkness译：互光灯是灯亮的时间比灯暗的时间长的一种灯质。orientation n.朝向，定位，方位 向东方，向西方，方向性 倾向性（电

15、子海图等的）状况，工况eg. What is a characteristic of cardinal marks? Light rhythms indicating directional orie ntatio n.译：A 方位标志是什么？灯的节奏指示了方位。Pparticipate v .参加，参与 合作pilotage n.引航技术，引航术 引航费eg. Pilotage in this country is required.译：在这个国家引航是强制性的（被要求的）。pratique n.入港许可，免于检疫许可证eg. The Certificate of pratique shal

16、l only have effect in all ports of the issueing coun try.译：检疫员告知船长，若该船停留在外国的港口，入港许可证已无效。pilot motor 辅助电动机，伺服电动机，起动电动机pilotage duty 引航工作，引航职责eg. A pilot vessel on pilotage duty shall show identity lights all of the above. 译：引航员在进行引航任务时，应显示识别等号-在航时、锚泊时、并靠另一船舶时。port control 港口通信站，港口电台，港口话台protective cl

17、othing 防护服，防火服eg .A pers on tak ing cargo samples must wear protective clothing 译：取样品的人员应穿防护服。Rradio range 等距离区无线电信标，无线电航向信标Ssemi-portable adj. 半移动式的southerly adj.（向）南的，向南， （指风）从南面来的，shore leave 登岸假（请假登岸）eg. Gangways are fitted with a properly rigged safety net, well lit, and a Shore Leave Board.译：通

18、道都配有点亮且正确操纵的安全网，以及上岸休假板。specified period 规定期限，具体期限stop engine 停车tide table 潮汐表eg. Where would you find information about the time of high tide at a specific location on a particular day ofthe year? Tide Tables译：在一年中某个特定的地方，你能从什么地方找到该地区的高潮信息？潮汐表中。Wwireless adj.无线电的，无线的 n.无线电收音机，收音机 无线电报，无线电话 work sta

19、ti on 工作台，工位第三节其他航海出版物第四节海图及海图作业第五节航海通告与航行警告第二章航海仪器第一节雷达及 ARP 操作Aallegation n. 主张，断言alternate adj.交替的，预备的eg. A six-strand composite rope made up of alternate fiber and wire strands around a fiber coreis calledSpring lay.译：一个 6 股组成的绳索由纤维和钢丝交替环绕在纤维芯上的叫锚索。anomaly n.异常反常事物arc n.弧（度）弧形物eg. A line of posi

20、tion derived by radar range from an identified point on a coast will be a arc.译：禾 U 用雷达测量已知陆标的距离，当画船位线时，该船位线是一段圆弧、曲线。 assessme nt n.评定估价eg. More exact assessment of visibility when radar is used to determine the range of vessel or otherobjects in the vici nity.译：当用雷达测定附近船舶或其他物体的距离时，可能对能见度作出更确切的估计。au

21、gment vt .扩大，增加，增长eg.A correct ion for augme ntati on is in cluded in the Nautical Alma nac correct ions for the moon.译：月亮半径的改正量包括在航海天文历里。authority n.当局eg. The Authority reserves the right not to accept orders for pilots by vessels inan chorages if the vessels have not reported their an chored posit

22、i on.译：假如锚地的锚泊船没有报告他们的船位，管理机构将保留不接收申请引航员的 订单。autonomous adj.自主的Ccomply vt .照做 符合（后常接 with）eg. “The ship is exempted from complianee with the following provisions of theCode ” means the ship need not comply with theprovisi ons.译：该船豁免遵从粮食供应”意思是该船不必遵从供给。con seque nee n.结果，后果，影响，重要性 结果，推论3前后有多重定语后承 后果；重

23、大；神气活现con tour n.轮廓；等高线eg. Con tour elevatio ns on this chart refer to heights in feet above mean sea level译：这海图的正面等高线指的是英寸表示的平均海面以上的高度。cost-effective adj.经济的，实惠的coverage n. 覆盖 覆盖范围eg. Sea Area A1. is an area with in the radiotelepho ne coverage of at least one VHF coast statio n inwhich con ti nu o

24、us DigitalSelective Calling is available.译：Sea AreaA1 是指在至少一个甚高频岸台的无线电话覆盖范围之内，可以使用连续的DSC 报警的区域。coordinate n.坐标（用复数）vt .使协调，使调和circular orbit 圆形轨道control segment 地面控制部分cross-check vt .再确认；反复核对crystal oscillator 晶体振荡器Ddegrade vt .使降级desig nate vt .指定；指派eg. Navigational warnings are published according

25、 to the designated area译：航海警告是根据指定区域公布的。deviation n.偏航，偏差eg. A single vertical magnet placed underneath the compass in the binnacle is used to compensate fordeviation caused by the vessel s inclination fro.m the vertical译：一个单独的磁铁放在罗盘下面的罗经柜里用来补偿由于船舶倾斜产生的自差。diagram n.图表；图解diligenee n.注意的程度；勤奋eg. Cargo

26、 contaminated due to failure to provide clean holds prior to loading is an example of Lack of duedilige nee.译：货物由于在装货前没有提供一个清洁的货舱被污染时缺少应由的恪尽职守。dampi ng error （陀螺罗经）冲击阻尼误差，第二类冲击误差，阻尼差digital chart 数字海图directive force 指向力，指引力Fflux n.（电、磁，热等）通量 （液体等）流量助焊剂，助溶剂v .涨潮，变迁，变化溶解，熔融，流出4用焊剂处理，用溶剂处理，使熔化eg. The a

27、ngular differenee between the true meridian（ great circle connecting thegeographic poleS and the magnetic meridian（directi on of the lines of magn etic flux） is called variati on.译：真子午线（连接地球南北极之间的大圆）与与磁子午线（磁力线方向）之间的 角度差称为磁差。feedback n.反馈feasible adj.可行的，可实行的fictitious adj.虚构的；假想的follow-up system 随动系

28、统Ggray n.灰色 a.灰色的eg. How is the annual rate of change for magnetic variation shown on a pilot chart? Gray lines on theuppermost in set chart译：航路资料图上的磁差年改变量如何表示？插图最上方的灰线。gegraphic pole 地极gravity effect 重力作用ground antenna 地面天线Hhydrographic adj .水道的eg. On small scale charts of ocean areas where hydrogr

29、aphic information ,in many cases still sparse,charted shoals maybe in error as regards position depth and extent译：在很多情况下，大洋水域的小比例尺海图的水文资料仍很稀少不全，所标注浅 水区域的位置水深和范围可能有误。heavy precipitation 大量的降水hard iron 硬铁（磁学用于）horizontal component 水平分力，水平分量eg. The magnetic compass magnets are acted on by the horizonta

30、l component of the Earth s totalmagnetorde. Thismagn etic force is GREATEST at the magn etic equato译：磁罗经的磁性作用在地球表面上水平分力的磁性，最大磁性在磁赤道。Iimplement vt .实施，执行eg. The Company should ensure that the Safety and Environmental Protection policy is impleme nted andmai ntai ned at all levelsof the orga ni zatio

31、n both ship based as well as shore based译：公司应保证安全与环保方针在组织的各个层面，包括船上和岸上组织得以履行 和保持。independently adv.独立地，自立地interrogate v.询问integrate vt .使成整体，使一体化isobaric a.等气压的，等压线的，等压的 同量异序IBS:Integrated Bridge System 综合驾驶台系统In formation System 电子海图显示与信息系统LIandlock n.内陆国laptop adj.计小得可以放在膝上使用的，膝上型的limitati on n.限制

32、,局限性log vt.把记入 n.（海）测程仪，计程仪航海日志；飞行日志eg. Deck Log is a full nautical record of a ship s voyage, written up at the end of eachwatch by the officer of the watch.译：航海日志全面记录了航次的情况，由值班驾驶员在每次值班结束后详细填写记录。latitude n.维度 幅度，范围 活动余地，回旋余地，地方，地区（经纬距法）纵距eg. Why do distances always have to be measured from the near

33、est scale on a Mercator chart? Becauseit varies for eachlatitude.译：为什么在莫卡托海图上距离总是由最近的比例测量，因为它与每个纬度成比例。long period 长周期eg. Running an electric winch at slow speed over a long period of time causes the resistors to overheatand eve ntually burn out.译：长时间以慢速操作电动绞货机会导致刹车器过热并最终烧坏。Mmaintain vt .维持，维修eg.The

34、Second Officer is n ormally resp on sible for mai ntai ning records of correct ions ton avigati onal charts and n auticalpublicati ons.译：二副一般是负责维护航海图和船分布的更改记录。man slaughter n. 杀人；过失杀人minimum adj. 最小的； 最低的eg.Which one of the followi ng factors does not reduce the effect of free surface? GZmax at mini

35、mum25 .译：下面那一个因素不能减小自由液面的影响？最大复原力臂最小在 25 度。master control station 主控站meet the requireme nt 符合要求eg. On-board maintenance provided by a person holding a GMDSS maintainers license will partially meetthe requireme nts.译：在船上进行的由持证维修员进行的维修工作应部分符合要求。Oobstruction n.障碍；阻碍eg. An obstruction on a helideck is a

36、ny object that might present a hazard to the rotor blades and landinggear译：直升机甲板上障碍物是指任何可能对螺旋桨和起落装置构成危险的物体。overcome vt .克服，征服eg. he first treatment given to a person overcome by benzene vapor should be to remove them to fresh air.译：对因吸入苯蒸汽而昏迷的患者，应如何救治把他们转移到新鲜空气中去。overlay n.覆盖物，上衬，透明图orbital plane 轨道

37、平面Pparlanee n.用语，用法playback n.录音重放，重放plug vt .插入，接入eg. The two courses of action if the underwater hull is severely damaged are to plug the ope nings or toEstablish and maintain floodi ng boun daries.译：当船壳板水下部分严重受损时，采取的两个堵漏行动是堵住开口或建立并保持 防水界面。poll vt .个别征求中成员的意见eg.The receiving station will poll the

38、DSC unit of the vessel in distress to download then ecessary in formation译：接收台站会对翻查遇险船 DSC 设备并从中下载必要的信息。predecessor n.前辈，(被取代的)原有事物privity n.私下知悉；共同利益关系pilot chart 航路资料图，引航海图，引航图eg. The numeral in the center of a wind rose circle on a pilot chart indicates the perce ntage of calms译：在导航图中风花中心的数字表示风平浪

39、静的百分比。power level 功率电平，功率级Precise Positi oning Service 精 密定位服务prolonged period 延长的期限eg. You have abandoned ship in tropical waters Which procedure(s) should be used duri ng a prolon gedperiod in a raft?译：你在热带水域弃船，如果在救生船里时间较长应使用哪个步骤？Qquadra ntaleg. While cranking out a quadra ntal davit, slippage of

40、the quadra nt due to excessive wear or failure of theteeth in the quadra ntwill cause the davit arm to pivot on the traveli ng nut and the head to fall outboard译：当旋转曲柄把直角弯曲的吊艇架放下来时，如果齿轮间的轮齿因过分磨损而打滑，将会导致吊艇架会顺着移动螺母转动，吊艇架头部将落向舷外。query n.质问；询问Rradical n.根式，根 原子团，基 a.根的，基的 基本的，根本的5激进的 eg. What is used to

41、 correct for both in duced and perma nent magn etism a ndcon seque ntly must be readjusted with radicalcha nges in latitude译：哪一种校正磁铁既可校正固定磁性，又可校正感应磁性，而且又必须随纬度的 急剧变化而重新校正。real-time adj.计实时的eg. Regard ing the use of GPS, which one of the followi ngs is in correct? GPS can provide a real-timepositi on

42、un der any con diti on.译：关于 GPS 的用途，下列哪项是不正确的？ GPS 能在任何条件下提供实时的位置。receiver-processor 接受处理器recent year 最近几年，近年referenee line基准线，基线参考线，参照线Sscheme n.安排配置体制eg.Who has the right of way in a Tiaffic Separati on Scheme?译：在分道通航制区域谁有优先权？sensor n. 传感器sector n.部门；象限仪segment n.段，分段，部分eg. The land earth station

43、provides the link between the Space Segment and the landbasedNational/International fixedcom muni cati ons n etworks.译：岸站为空间部分与地面上各国内或国际间的固定台站之间提供了联系的方法。strategically adv.战略上supplement vt .补充eg. Saili ng Direct ions are kept up to date by suppleme nts译：航路指南要有最新补充。shuttle vi .穿梭往返sophisticated adj .复

44、杂的sidereal day 恒星日（较标准日约短 4 .分钟）space segme nt 空间部分eg. The land earth station provides the link between the Space Segment and the landbasedNational/International fixedcom muni cati ons n etworks.译：岸站为空间部分与地面上各国内或国际间的固定台站之间提供了联系的方法。Space Vehicle 航天器Sta ndard Positi oning Service 标准定位服务Tterrestrial a

45、现世的，平凡的 大地的，陆地的 n.地球上的生物，陆上生物eg.The terrestrial system of GMDSS con sists of radio-teleph ony, DSC, Direct Printing Telegraphy,Navtex and SART.译：全球海上遇险安全系统包括国际海事卫星，苏联事故搜索卫星/搜索与救援卫星，无线电信标和现状录像系统。trigger vt 弓 I 起take note 注意至 U；记录tune to 调整，调频Uun seaworthi ness n.不适航eg. Under the Carriage of Goods by

46、Sea Act of 1936, a vessel will be liable for damage to a cargo whe nthe damage arises fromun seaworthi ness whe n saili ng译：根据 1963 年海上货物运输法案，船舶将负责货物损害责任是当开航时不适航。unstable a.稳定的不安定的eg. An unstable upright equilibrium position on a vessel means that the metacenter is lower tha n the center of gravity.

47、译：船舶不稳定的正浮平衡状态意味着稳心高度低于重心高度。user segme nt 用户部分Vvary v.改变，变更，变化eg. When a cargo boom or crane is rated at varying capacities there will be a table at the con trols whichrelates safe worki ng load to load radius.译：如克令吊或吊杆有各种各种不同的装卸能力，在操作台位置有一个关于吊装半 径的图表。visualization n.形象化，可视化variable range 可调范围vertic

48、al component 垂直分力，垂直分量，竖向分量eg. At the magnetic equator there is no induced magnetism in the vertical soft iron because there is novertical comp onent of theEarths magn etic field.译：在地磁赤道上，没有由垂向软铁产生的感应磁性，这是因为在地磁赤道上地磁力分量为 0。第二节碰罗经与陀螺罗操作第三节 ECDIS 操作第四节 测深仪、计程仪和航向记录仪器的操作第五节 GNSS、VDR AIS、SSAS LRIT 的操作Aab

49、ility n .本能，本领，能力，性能eg. To be considered engaged in fishing under the Rules, a vessel must beusing fishing apparatus whichrestricts man euver ability译：要被认为是规则里的从事捕鱼的船舶，船舶的操纵性必须被其使用的渔具所限 制。aeronautical a.航空的eg. IAMSAR : International Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue Manual译：国际航空及海上搜救手册arra

50、 ngeme ntn.整理，准备，筹备调解，调停，和解，协议电路配置，配置安排，排 列，配备eg. The arrangement of charts in the catalogue is on a regional basis译：海图总目录中，对海图的排序是按区域排序。account of 在账上的，由于approach to 驶进eg. The approach to the roads and harbor from the eastward entails no difficulty译：自东面接近锚地和港口没有困难。atmospheric n oise 大气噪声atomic time

51、 原子时间，原子时eg. The time interval between the transmission of signals from a pair of Loran-C statio ns is very closelycon trolled and operates with an atomic time sta ndard译：每一对劳兰台站之间发射信号的时间间隔由自动时间标准严格控制。automatic identification 自动识另廿eg. Automatic identification systems (AIS) are required to provide sa

52、fety-relatedinformation automatically to shore stations other vessels and aircraft.译：自动识别系统应能自动向岸台、其他船舶和航空器提供有关航行安全的信息。Bbell n.钟形物，铃，钟 潜水钟，号钟，警钟，雾钟 喇叭形物，漏斗形物 钟声，铃声打钟做成钟形eg. After putting on a self-contained breathing apparatus you open the air supply and hear a continuousringing of a bell What does

53、this mean the air bottle needs to be refilled译：穿上自携式吸吸器后，你打开供气阀后听到一阵连续的报警铃声，这说明氧气 含量不足。binnacle n.罗经座，罗经柜，罗盘座，罗盘箱eg. A single vertical magnet placed underneath the compass in the binnacle is used to compe nsate fordeviation caused by the vessel s inclination from the vertical译：一个单独的磁铁放在罗盘下面的罗经柜里用来补偿

54、由于船舶倾斜产生的自差。 blackout n. v.遮光，挡光 熄灭，灯光管制 晕过去 封锁(发电机故障引起的)全船失电beari ng bar 受力钢筋，承受条beari ng circle 方 位环Ccalibration n.划分度数，定分度，校准 定量，量口径，定标eg. Before any portable gas indicators are brought to the measuring spot, what is very important to do withthese analysers first?To do a full calibrati on.译：任何便携式

55、气体指示器在带到测量地点以前，关于这些分析器什么是最重要的?全面的校正。canal n航道水渠，溪流运河，渠道，水道，海峡eg. El Abbasa （Sweet Water） Canal extends from River Nile at Cairo to Suez Canal at Ismailia.译：El Abbasa 运河自开罗的尼罗河延伸到 Ismailia 的苏伊士运河。call sign呼叫信号，通信呼号，呼号 船名呼号collisio n threat 碰撞危险eg. The basic collision avoidanee display presented by CA

56、SII is designed for easy interpretation andimmediate assessment of possible collisi on threat situati ons.译：CASII 型自动避碰系统呈现基本避碰显示被设计用于容易扫描和立即评估面临 局面碰撞的可能性。compass care罗经刻度盘，罗经面，罗盘 罗经卡eg. After steadying on the new heading the compass card should be slewed by a magnet and allowed tooscillate freely t

57、o remove any gaussia n error译：把定在新航向后，你应用一块磁铁把罗经刻度盘左右旋转几次，以便消除斯误 差。Ddaylight n.昼光，日昼，黎明，日光，白天eg. During daylight savings time the meridian used for determining the time is located farther east译：在现实下至时令期间，用于测定时间的子午线位于更东一些。 depart v（车船等）开出，启程违反，改变（管理等）eg.The rules state that vessels may depart from th

58、e requireme nts of the Rules whe nn ecessary to avoidimmediate dan ger 译：规则规定船舶可能背离规则的要求当有必要避免紧迫危险时。dip n eedle 磁倾针Eemphasize v.加重，强调，着重eg. Yet ,it must be emphasized that it is of the utmost importance for an oil spill in vestigati on thatsuspected sources of the spill are traced as far as possible

59、 and that refere nce samples are take n译：然而，它必须强调它是最重要的为石油泄漏怀疑调查溢来源尽可能追踪，参考样 品都有人了。enhancev.提高（质量、价值、声誉等）v.增进，增强，加强v.美化，改善eg. To con tribute to the enhan ceme nt of ethical and professi onal bus in ess sta ndards in the marine industry.译：建立海事工业方面专业的标准。Ffasta 快速的，快的a.牢固的，紧的n.系索，链，缆eg. In a married fa

60、lls rig at the after end of a hatch a boom is rigged in a fore and aft line through its heel.Stresses on the outboard guy willbe LEAST if the guy is made fast at a point at right an gles to the boom whe n viewedfrom above.译：位于货舱后部的双杆联吊装置中，如有一个吊杆从桅下部伸出与船舶首尾线平 行放置，外档稳索应从上看，与吊杆成直角才能使外档稳索受力最小。firmware n