高二英语选修八unit4Grammar

1、grammar复习：过去分词充当定语、表语和宾语补足语复习：过去分词充当定语、表语和宾语补足语1. _ (污染的污染的)air and water are harmful to peoples health.2. the problem _ (在会议上在会议上讨论的讨论的) yesterday was very difficult to solve.3. he became _ (兴奋兴奋) when he heard he had won the first place in the competition.4. i am _ (感兴趣感兴趣) in the story.polluteddi

2、scussed at the meetingexcitedinterested5. i havent got the film _ (冲洗冲洗)yet.6. do you know the man _ (站站) beside the door?7. a breaking cup is lying on the floor. 8. the meeting holds yesterday was very important. developedstandingbreaking改为改为brokenholds改为改为held 过去分词短语作状语过去分词短语作状语 过去分词作状语可表示时间、地点、过去

3、分词作状语可表示时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、伴随等意义。这种原因、条件、让步、伴随等意义。这种过去分词状语相当于于一个时间、地点、过去分词状语相当于于一个时间、地点、原因、条件、让步等状语从句原因、条件、让步等状语从句, 若过去分若过去分词作状语词作状语,句子的主语与分词所表示的动句子的主语与分词所表示的动作构成动宾关系作构成动宾关系, 即是该分词动作的承受即是该分词动作的承受者。者。1. 过去分词作原因状语过去分词作原因状语 greatly moved by the film, they all cried. 他们看了那部电影深受感动他们看了那部电影深受感动, 都哭了。都哭了。 surro

4、unded by a group of young people, the old man felt happy. 身边围着一群年轻人身边围着一群年轻人, 老人感到很高兴。老人感到很高兴。2.过去分词作状语过去分词作状语, 表示伴随情况或方式。表示伴随情况或方式。 the trainer appeared, followed by six little dogs. 训练员出现了，后面跟着六条小狗。训练员出现了，后面跟着六条小狗。 he walked up and down the room, lost in thought. 他在屋子时走来走去，陷入了沉思。他在屋子时走来走去，陷入了沉思。 f

5、illed with extraordinary strength, he raised himself. 他使出全身的力气站了起来。他使出全身的力气站了起来。 3.过去分词作状语过去分词作状语, 还可以表示还可以表示: given much time, we could do it better.（条件）（条件） 多给点时间的话，我们会做得更好。多给点时间的话，我们会做得更好。 when heated, ice can be changed into water.（时间）（时间） 冰加热时变成水。冰加热时变成水。 提示提示:过去分词作状语与现在分词作状语的区别在于过去分词作状语与现在分词作状

6、语的区别在于: 过过去分词与句子主语构成动宾关系去分词与句子主语构成动宾关系, 而现在分词与句而现在分词与句子主语构成主谓关系。子主语构成主谓关系。 seeing in this light, the matter is not as serious as people generally suppose. seen in this light, the matter is not as serious as people generally suppose.exercises: 用分词改写下列从句用分词改写下列从句:1.while he was watching tv,he heard a

7、knock at the door.2.if the town is seen from the top of the hill,it looks more beautiful .while watching tv,he heard a knock at the door.seen from the top of the hill,the town looks more beautiful.3.as the watch is used for a long time ,it needs repairing .4.the boy will be blind in both eyes unless

8、 he is treated on time.5.though he had seen told many times he couldnt understand it.used for a long time,the watch needs repairing.the boy will be blind in both eyes unless treated on time.having been told many times,he couldnt understand it.1. _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of h

9、im. a. losing b. having lost c. lost d. to lose2. if _ the same treatment again, hes sure to get well. a. giving b. give c. given d. being given3. _ in 1636, harvard is one of the most famous universities in the united states. a. being founded b. it was founded c. founded d. founding 4. _ with the s

10、ize of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesnt seem big at all. a. compare b. when comparing c. comparing d. when compared5. _ time, hell make a first-class tennis player. a. having given b. to give c. giving d. given6. _ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. a. dressed b. t

11、o dress c. dressing d. having dressed7. unless _ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. a. invited b. inviting c. being invited d. having invited8. when _, the museum will be open to the public next yeara. completed b. completing c. being completed d. to be completed 9. the research i

12、s so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it. a. begins b. having begun c. beginning d. begun10. _ more attention, the trees could have grown better. a. given b. to give c. giving d. having given 单句改错单句改错:1.giving more time,i would do it better.2.deeply moving by his words,the old man agreed to his request.3.seen his mother coming,the child was very happy. 4.the murderer was brough