高中同位语从句课件3

1、Appositive ClauseWhat kind of noun clauses are they? 1. What it was to become was a mystery. 2. I dont know who will help Henry to win the bet. 3. His trouble is that he doesnt know anybody in London. 4. The fact that ships can go there surprises many people.主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句brainst

2、orming (2m) noun clauses名词性从句名词性从句subjective clause主语从句主语从句objective clause宾语从句宾语从句predicative clause表语从句表语从句appositive clause同位语从句同位语从句 1.名词性从句的引导词名词性从句的引导词that,whether,if,as ifwhat,which,who,whom,whatever,whichever,whoever,whosewhen,where,why,how连词：连词：连接代词：连接代词：连接副词：连接副词：2.如何判断从句？如何判断从句？宾语从句：宾语从句：

3、位于及物动词或介词之后位于及物动词或介词之后表语从句：表语从句： 位于连系动词之后位于连系动词之后主语从句：主语从句：位于句首，即在谓语动词之前位于句首，即在谓语动词之前1. The news that we won the game is exciting.2. I have no idea when he will come back home.3. Word came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 4. They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy

4、.观察下列句子划红线的部分。观察下列句子划红线的部分。上面句子划红线的部分在句中作上面句子划红线的部分在句中作名词的同位语从句，对名词名词的同位语从句，对名词进一步解释，说明名词的进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。具体内容。你能找出它们所解释你能找出它们所解释的名词吗？的名词吗？1. The news that we won the game is exciting.2. I have no idea when he will come back home.3. Word came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 4. They are inv

5、estigating the question whether the man is trustworthy.The newsideaWordthe question 同位语从句同位语从句1.概念概念:在复合句中作在复合句中作名词的同位语名词的同位语的名词性从句。的名词性从句。2.功能功能:同位语从句对名词同位语从句对名词，说明说明名词的具体内容名词的具体内容。3.用法用法: 常跟的抽象名词有常跟的抽象名词有: fact/ idea/reason thought/order/ doubt/news/hope truth/belief/promise/fact/word 4.连接词连接词 tha

6、t/whether/who/ which what/when/where/why/how 同位语从句的表现形式同位语从句的表现形式: 由由that引导引导 The fact that you havent enough time to do the work is simply unbelievable. The hope that he may come here is not gone yet. The news that he has been elected president of the United States is true. The truth that heavy obj

7、ects and light objects fall at the same speed is known to all. The problem that she later developed a serious lung disease bothered scientists. 由由whether引导引导 The question whether we need more time to do the work has not been discussed. 由由when引导引导 I have no idea when they will go. 只用只用whether引导引导,不用不

8、用if.这个问题是否正确还未被证实这个问题是否正确还未被证实.The problem _ it is true hasnt been proved.连接词连接词whether引导的同位语从句引导的同位语从句whether连接词连接词代词代词what/which/who 引导的同位语从句引导的同位语从句1.谁会出国这个问题还未决定谁会出国这个问题还未决定.2.我不知道该选哪个我不知道该选哪个.1.The question _ should go abroad hasnt been decided yet.2. I have no idea _to choose.whichwho在从句中充当成分在

9、从句中充当成分连接词连接词副词副词when/where/why/how 引导的同位语从句引导的同位语从句 1.我了解他们为什么离开得那么早我了解他们为什么离开得那么早.2. 我们还没决定好去哪儿我们还没决定好去哪儿.1.Ive got a good idea _ they left early.2.The question _ we should go has not been decided.whywhere1. 有时被别的词或短语把有时被别的词或短语把隔开：（谓语较短，同位语从句较长）隔开：（谓语较短，同位语从句较长）注意注意: :1:The story that William Tell

10、 killed the king with an arrow.2:Word that their team had won.（word：n消息）消息）分隔式同位语从句分隔式同位语从句1. We were excited at the news. Our football team had won a third match .2. They have made a new plan. Another experiment building will be put up beside the library. 合并成一句合并成一句We were excited at the news that

11、our football team had won a third match.They have made a new plan that another experiment building will be put up beside the library.3. They had the question. Could he pass the final exam?4. Who did the damaged computer belong to? No one had any idea. They had the question whether he could pass the

12、final exam.No one had any idea who the damaged computer belonged to.5. The problem has been solved. Why were so many areas flooded during the heavy storm? The problem why so many areas were flooded during the heavy storm has been solved.4.若被同位语从句说明的名词是：若被同位语从句说明的名词是：advice,suggestion,proposal,demand

13、,request,requirement,order等表示等表示建议、命令、要求的词时，同位语从句的谓语用建议、命令、要求的词时，同位语从句的谓语用(should)+do1).I made the suggestion that the meeting_(bring) to an end.(should) be brought2).The order that we _(send) a few people to help them was received yesterday.3). The order that we _(receive) yesterdaywas that we _(se

14、nd) a few people to help them.(should) sendreceived(should) send注意注意: :总结总结:1)同位语从句跟在名词后面，进一步说明该同位语从句跟在名词后面，进一步说明该 名词的具体内容。同位语从句常跟在名词名词的具体内容。同位语从句常跟在名词 idea, fact, news, hope, thought, suggestion等抽象名词之后等抽象名词之后 2)连接词连接词that不能省略不能省略,无意义无成分；无意义无成分； 3)用用whether而不用而不用if引导同位语从句引导同位语从句 4)连接代词连接代词who, which

15、, what在从句中作主语、在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语宾语、表语或定语; 连接副词连接副词where, when, why, how在从句作状语。在从句作状语。 判断下列从句是定语从句还是同位语从句：判断下列从句是定语从句还是同位语从句：The news that youve heard isnt true.The news that well go on a picnic this Sunday isnt true. 定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句We expressed the hope that they had expressed.We expressed the hope

16、 that they would come to visit China again.()定语从句定语从句同位语从同位语从句句1. The news that we had successfully sent up another communication satellite spread throughout the world.2. Thats the best piece of news Ive heard.判断下列哪些含有判断下列哪些含有同位语从句同位语从句，哪些含有，哪些含有定语从句定语从句。定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句4. Is there any hope that h

17、e will be home at 7:30? 5. The possibility that you referred to doesnt exist at all.6. The fact that we talked about is very important.7. There is a strong possibility that we may be in France for the next week.定语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句3.在名词和从句之间加在名词和从句之间加be, 使之构成一个新句子，使之构成一个新句子，如果合乎逻辑，句子

18、通顺，则是同位语从句，如果合乎逻辑，句子通顺，则是同位语从句，定语从句是不能用系表结构把先行词与定语从句是不能用系表结构把先行词与从句连接起来的。从句连接起来的。The news that our team has won the game was true.The news that he told me yesterday was true. The news is that our team has won the game.The news is that he told me yesterday.(句子通顺，是同位语从句）句子通顺，是同位语从句）（句子不通顺，是定语从句）（句子不通顺

19、，是定语从句）三三.如何区别由如何区别由that 引导的定语从句和同位语从句引导的定语从句和同位语从句1.定语从句中定语从句中that，代词代词，可在从句中作，可在从句中作主、宾、表主、宾、表同位语从句中同位语从句中that, 连词连词，无成分无意义无成分无意义The news that our team has won the game was true.The news that he told me yesterday was true. 2.定义：定义：定语从句定语从句-说明先行词的性质与特征，与先行词说明先行词的性质与特征，与先行词 是修饰与被修饰的关系。是修饰与被修饰的关系。 同位

20、语从句同位语从句-对名词即先行词加以补充说明，是对名词即先行词加以补充说明，是 名词全部内容的体现。名词全部内容的体现。25. One of them held the view _ the book said was right. A. what that B. that what C. that D. whether单项选择单项选择26. The reason _ he has to go is _ his mother is ill in bed. A, why ; why B. why; because C. why ; that D. that ; because27. They r

21、eceived orders _ the work be done right away. A. which B. that C. / D. when28. I have no idea _. A. how to do B. when shall we start out for the trip C. what has happened to my wife D. how much have they earned36. Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas. ( 200

22、4春季上海春季上海 ) A. which B. that C. what D. whether 答案答案B。这是一个同位语从句。这是一个同位语从句, 解释解释promise的具体内容的具体内容, 要用要用that引导。引导。高考题高考题37. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt _ a cure for AIDS will be found. (05广东卷广东卷) A. which B. that C. what D. whether 38. Danby left word with my secretary _ he would c

23、all again in the afternoon. （05浙江卷）浙江卷） Awho Bthat Cas Dwhich 39. Doris success lies in the fact _ she is co-operative and eager to learn from others. (06年上海年上海 春招）春招）A. which B. that C. when D. why40. Do you have any idea _ is actually going on in the classroom? （05辽宁卷）辽宁卷） Athat Bwhat Cas Dwhich 4

24、1. Theres a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO is not ever. ( 2002年上海年上海) A. that B. which C. of which D. what解析解析: 答案答案A。同位语从句。同位语从句that well never know what a UFO is not ever作作a feeling的同位语，解释的同位语，解释a feeling 的具体的具体内容。内容。that连接同位语从句时，只起连连接同位语从句时，只起连接作用，不作从句的任何成分。接作用，不作从句的任何成分。42. Information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.( 2001年上海年