2021高考英语一轮复习词汇语篇模式主题语境二人与社会Topic9学校生活一教学案含作业

1、topic 9学校生活(一)学校 (school)_ f53, term, kindergarten, primary，senior, junior, nursery院校、设施 (institutions & facilities)college, _ ikwip15, university, academy, institute, department, faculty, public, private, gym, laboratory, library, playground, institution，canteen, dormitory, boarding school, campus,

2、 facility, auditorium师生、员工 (teachers & students & staff)_ instrkt5, adolescent，headmaster, monitor, president, professor, associate professor, lecturer, _ skl15, teenager, undergraduate, exchange student, librarian, tutor, head teacher，subject representative教学、管理 (teaching & administration)apply, re

3、gister, educate, graduate, schedule, _ bsnt9, present, scholarship, prohibit, authority, _ digri47, fine, leave, skip, uniform, breakup, committee, regulation, violate, bachelor, diploma, tuition fee, student union, grand, loan, discipline, bully, student aid课程 (courses)_ meid75, course, subject, sc

4、ience, art, law，engineer, _ griklt32, geography, biology, chemistry, physics, mathematics, literature, music, psychology, politics, computer science, compulsory, optional, curriculum, pe, arithmetic, algebra, geometry, architecture, botany, ecology, economics, drama, philosophy, geologyfurther; equi

5、p; instruct; scholar; absent; degree; major; agricultureinstructwhen we reached 13,000 feet, jay instructed me to throw myself out of the plane.after adding the librarys final touches (装点), the family hung a signboard on the front, instructing users to “take a book, return a book”， and making the he

6、nriksen library.i was instructed that 20,000 had been paid into my account.(1)根据首字母或汉语提示填空the letter i_ him to report to headquarters immediately.im under _ (指示) to keep my speech short.it is i_ to see how other countries are handling the problem.答案：instructedinstructionsinstructive(2)单句语法填空those bo

7、ys were instructed _ (wait) there.great effort is needed to instruct children _ road safety.it is the most _ (instruct) lecture that i have attended since i came to this school.答案：to waitininstructive(3)一句多译经理命令我快速把文档打印出来。my manager _.my manager _.my manager _.答案：instructed me to print the document

8、quicklyinstructed me in printing the document quicklyinstructed that i (should) print the document quickly(1)v. 命令，指示 to officially tell someone what to do(2)v. 教授，指导 to teach someone sth., especially a practical skill(3)v. (一般用被动语态)通知 to officially tell someone about sth.instruct sb. to_do/in_doing

9、 . 命令某人做instruct sb. in sth. 教授/传授某人某事instruct that sb. (should)_do sth. 命令某人做某事instruction n. 用法说明，操作指南；指示；命令；指导；讲授instructive adj. 有教育意义的；有启发性的；增长知识的exchange(2019天津高考)ive never exchanged words with those moms beyond small talk, but they wanted to help.where can i find the best exchange rate?(1)根据句

10、意写出加黑词的最佳释义you can exchange your currency for dollars in the hotel._everyone in the group exchanged email addresses. _答案：兑换交换(2)单句语法填空i will make the best of the opportunity to exchange ideas _ them.i am going to travel abroad, so i go to exchange some rmb _ dollars in the bank.ill type your report

11、if youll babysit to make _ exchange.答案：withforan(3)一句多译他用一个苹果换我一块蛋糕。he gave me an apple _ a piece of cake.he _ a piece of cake.答案：in exchange forexchanged an apple with me for(1)vt. (& n) 交换；交流 to give sth. to sb. and at the same time receive the same type of thing from them(2)n. (& vt.) 兑换；汇兑 the p

12、rocess of changing an amount of one currency ( the money used in one country) for an equal value of another apply(2019全国卷)the deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.the new technology was applied to farming.(1)根据首字母或汉语提示填空they may a_ to join the organization.there were over 500 _

13、 (申请人) for the job.his a_ for membership of the organization was rejected.答案：applyapplicantsapplication(2)单句语法填空find out ahead of time what regulations apply _ your situation.over the next months, he applied himself to _ (improve) the technique.you should attach a recent photograph to your _ (apply)

14、 form.in my estimation, most _ (apply) are not qualified for the job.答案：toimprovingapplicationapplicants(3)根据提示完成小片段when an idea occurred to him, he first _ (把它应用于) his work. he also _ (申请了一项专利) about it. then he _ (专心于) it and made necessary changes.答案：applied it to; applied for a patent; applied h

15、imself to(1)v. (通常以书面形式)申请，请求 to make a formal request, usually in writing, for sth. such as a job, a place at college, university, etc.(2)vt. 使用；应用 to use sth. or make sth. work in a particular situationpresent(2019全国卷)at present，these technologies are still expensive, though.(2016浙江高考)i made up my

16、 mind i would find out what was good in my present situation: i would look for the stars.(2019全国卷)so significant is the game that it is required that everyone should present themselves punctually.(2019全国卷)basically, its “ive got to produce this product and then, at the end of the year, present it to

17、 nasa.”she was presented with an award.(1)根据句意写出加黑词的最佳释义there were 200 people present at the meeting._youve got to forget the past and start living in the present._on his retirement, colleagues presented him with a set of golf clubs. _答案：出席的，在场的目前；现在赠送(2)介词填空i will leave the matter as it stands _ th

18、e present.people present _ the meeting were mostly scientists from different parts of the world._ present there are over five hundred map projects being developed in 54 countries.答案：foratat(3)一句多译教师节这天学生们通常给老师送花。the students usually _ on teachers day.the students usually _ on teachers day.答案：present

19、 flowers to their teacherspresent their teachers with flowers(1)n. 目前；现在 the time now(2)adj. 现存的；目前的 existing or happening now (3)v.(& adj.) 正式出席；莅临；出现 to officially appear somewhere (4)v. 提出；提交 to show or offer sth. for other people to look at or consider(5)v. (在正式场合等)颁发；授予，赠送；呈献；呈递 to give sth. to

20、 someone, for example at a formal or official occasionpresent sb. with sth.present sth. to sb. 把某物送给/颁发给/授予某人present sb. to sb. 把某人介绍/引见给某人at the present timeat present 目前，现在for the present 就现在来说，暂时be present at 出席prohibitin 1897, the state of michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passeng

21、er pigeons.if lawmakers do not do something soon to prohibit spam (垃圾电邮), the problem will certainly get much worse.(1)根据首字母或汉语提示填空the high cost of equipment p_ many people from taking up this sport.i do not understand this cause of _ (禁令)答案：prohibitsprohibition(2)单句语法填空the environment group is dema

22、nding a complete _ (prohibit) against setting off fireworks in the spring festival.his small size prohibits his _ (become) a policeman.there is a prohibition _ tobacco advertising in newspapers and magazines.答案：prohibitionbecomingon/against(3)句型转换some people think that its necessary to prohibit peop

23、les smoking in public places.some people think that its necessary to _ in public places.答案：prohibit people from smoking(1)v. (尤指以法令)禁止 to stop sth. from being done or used especially by law(2)v. 阻止；使不可能 to make sth. impossible to doprohibit (doing) sth. 禁止(做)某事prohibit sb. from doing sth./prohibit s

24、b.s doing sth. 禁止某人做某事prohibition n. 禁止；禁令a prohibition against/on . 的禁令major(2019浙江6月高考)california has lost half its big trees since the 1930s, according to a study to be published tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor (因素)(2016北京高考)in fact, he inspired me to major in english in col

25、lege, to be a bridge between china and the world.(2016浙江高考)your major does not matter as much in your first year of college.(1)根据句意写出加黑词的最佳释义there were calls for major changes to the welfare system._her major is history._he majored in finance at claremont mens college in california._答案：主要的专业课主修(2)单句

26、语法填空this is why i want to major _ psychology.at present, in the teaching profession, women are _ a/the majority.the majority _ (be) in favour of the proposal that we should save water in our daily life.the majority of astronauts from america _ (be) men in the last few years. 答案：ininis/arehave been(3

27、)单句写作the white _ (占大多数) in australia while the native people _ (占少数)_ (大部分的损失) is easy to repair.答案：are in the majority; in the minoritythe majority of the damage(1)adj. 主要的；重要的；大的 very large or important(2)v. 主修 to study sth. as your main subject at a university or college(3)n. 主修课程；专业课 the main su

28、bject or course of a student at college or universitymajor in . 主修majority n. 大半，大多数a/the majority of的大多数in a/the majority 占大多数by/with a majority of 以多数票minority n. 少数in the minority 占少数“a/the majority of名词”作主语时，其后谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数。the majority作主语时，谓语动词既可以用复数，也可以用单数。.阅读(2019全国卷)need a job this summ

29、er?the provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. the deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.not a student? go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, fin

30、d a job or start businesses all year round.jobs for youthif you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible (符合条件) for this program, which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.who is eligible：youth 1518 years old in select communities (社区)summ

31、er companysummer company provides students with handson business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.who is eligible：students aged 1529, returning to school in the fall.stewardship youth ranger programyou could apply to be a stewardship youth ranger and w

32、ork on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.who is eligible：students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before december 31 this year.summer employment opportunities (机会)through the summer employment opportunities program, students are hired each year

33、in a variety of summer positions across the provincial public service, its related agencies and community groups.who is eligible：students aged 15 or older. some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了省政府及其合作者提供的面向学生的四则暑期工作公告。学生们暑期从事兼职工作

34、，不仅可以减轻父母的负担，还可以丰富自身的社会阅历(enrich students social experience)。1what is special about summer company?ait requires no training before employment.bit provides awards for running new businesses.cit allows one to work in the natural environment.dit offers more summer job opportunities.答案：b细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“

35、summer company”可直接定位到第二则暑期工作公告，而且浏览四则暑期工作公告可以发现，只有summer company的介绍里提到了awards(奖励)以及$3,000这样的字眼，由此可知summer company的特别之处在于“它为经营新业务提供奖励”。故选b。2what is the age range required by stewardship youth ranger program?a1518. b1524.c1529. d1617.答案：d细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“stewardship youth ranger program”可直接定位到第三则暑期工作公告

36、。根据本部分中第二段内容可知，这个项目的年龄要求是16岁或17岁，且在今年12月31日前不能满18岁。故选d。3which program favors the disabled?ajobs for youth.bsummer company.cstewardship youth ranger program.dsummer employment opportunities.答案：d细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“the disabled (残疾人)”可直接定位到最后一则暑期工作公告中的“persons with a disability”两者属于典型的同义词替换，故选d。handson ad

37、j. 动手的；实际操作的stewardship n. 管理；看管；组织工作(第三段第一句)if you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible (符合条件) for this program, which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.译文：如果你是生活在本省某些地方的青少年，你就有可能符合这个项目的条件。它提供8周的带薪培训。分析：这是一个which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词pro

38、gram。主句中，if引导条件状语从句，现在分词短语living in certain parts of the province作后置定语修饰teenager。(2019全国卷)bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. the microorganisms (微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the international space station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week

39、. how is nasa overcoming this very tiny big problem? its turning to a bunch of high school kids. but not just any kids. it is depending on nasa hunch high school classrooms, like the one science teachers gene gordon and donna himmelberg lead at fairport high school in fairport, new york.hunch is des

40、igned to connect high school classrooms with nasa engineers. for the past two years, gordons students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think theyre close to a solution (解决方案). “we dont give the students any breaks. they have to do it just like nasa engineers，” says

41、florence gold, a project manager.“there are no tests，” gordon says. “there is no graded homework. there almost are no grades, other thanare you working towards your goal？ basically, its ive got to produce this product and then, at the end of the year, present it to nasa.engineers come and really do

42、an inperson review, and . its not a very nice thing at times. its a hard business review of your product.”gordon says the hunch program has an impact (影响) on college admissions and practical life skills. “these kids are so absorbed in their studies that i just sit back. i dont teach.” and that annoy

43、ing bacteria? gordon says his students are emailing daily with nasa engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国一所中学与nasa合作的联合科研项目，解决国际空间站中的细菌问题。发扬科学互助精神，为目标坚持不懈地奋斗(keep fighting for your goal)，是当代青年应具备的基本素质。4what do we know about the bacteria in t

44、he international space station?athey are hard to get rid of.bthey lead to air pollution.cthey appear in different forms.dthey damage the instruments.答案：a推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知，来自我们身体的微生物在太空站的表面增长得很快，宇航员每周得花很长时间清理它们，由此断定太空站里的细菌很难清除，故答案为a。5what is the purpose of the hunch program?ato strengthen teacherstude

45、nt relationships.bto sharpen students communication skills.cto allow students to experience zero gravity.dto link space technology with school education.答案：d细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，hunch项目的目的是把学校教育与航天技术联系在一起，故答案为d。6what do the nasa engineers do for the students in the program?acheck their product. bguide p

46、roject designs.cadjust work schedules. dgrade their homework.答案：a细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，nasa工程师亲自检查那些高中学生的产品，故答案为a。7what is the best title for the text?anasa: the home of astronautsbspace: the final homework frontiercnature: an outdoor classroomdhunch: a college admission reform答案：b标题判断题。本文主要介绍了一个项目：把高中的

47、教室教学与太空的研究联系起来，使学生们得到nasa工程师们的指导。因此在选标题时既要有太空，还要有学生，选项b将其完美地结合了起来，故答案为b。annoying adj. 讨厌的，令人气恼的inperson adj. 亲自的；在场的at times 有时；偶尔workable adj. 可行的(第一段最后一句)it is depending on nasa hunch high school classrooms, like the one science teachers gene gordon and donna himmelberg lead at fairport high schoo

48、l in fairport, new york.译文：它取决于美国国家航空和航天局hunch中学的课堂，就像位于纽约费尔波特的费尔波特中学的科学老师gene gordon和donna himmelberg领导的项目一样。分析：本句中it is depending on nasa hunch high school classrooms是主句，like是介词，后面接宾语the one，在the one后是一个省略了关系代词的定语从句，关系代词that作lead的宾语，可省略。(2019全国卷)for canaan elementarys second grade in patchogue, ny

49、., today is speech day, and right now its chris palaezs turn. the 8yearold is the joker of the class. with shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.but hes nervous. “im here to tell you today why you should . should .” chris trips on the “ld，” a pronunciation

50、difficulty for many nonnative english speakers. his teacher, thomas whaley, is next to him, whispering support. “. vote for . me .”except for some stumbles,_chris is doing amazingly well. when he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.a son of immi

51、grants, chris started learning english a little over three years ago. whaley recalls (回想起) how at the beginning of the year, when called upon to read, chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.learning english as a second language can be a painful experience. what you need is a great teacher

52、who lets you make mistakes. “it takes a lot for any student，” whaley explains, “especially for a student who is learning english as their new language, to feel confident enough to say, i dont know, but i want to know.”whaley got the idea of this secondgrade presidential campaign project when he aske

53、d the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. the answer broke his heart. whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. he wants these kids to learn to boast (夸耀) about themselves.“boasting about yourself, and you

54、r best qualities，” whaley says, “is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小学教师whaley通过组织学生演讲来帮助学生增强自信的教学实践。课堂教学的多样性，能够有效促进学生的进步，演讲就是其中之一。学生们可以通过多样的课堂或课外活动提高自身的综合能力及自信(enhance ones comprehensive ability and confidence)。8what made chris nervous?atelling a story. bmaking a speech.ctaking a test. danswering a question.答案：b细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“nervous”可定位到第二段第一句，并结合第一段中内容可知，今天是演讲日，现在轮到了chris，虽然他看起来像那种喜欢在公共场合讲话的孩子，但是他很紧张。由此可知，演讲使chris紧张。故选b。9what does the underlined word “stumbles