2021届高考英语二轮专题训练第二篇专题二语法填空第二部分题型应对策略题型一提示类填空第1讲动词的时态和语态与主谓一致课件

1、第二部分 题型应对策略题型一提示类填空第1讲动词的时态和语态与主谓一致 动词在动词在7个提示词中所占的比重最大个提示词中所占的比重最大, 一般一般4个个; 以考查动词的时态和语态以以考查动词的时态和语态以及非谓语动词为主。及非谓语动词为主。 若句中没有别的谓语动词若句中没有别的谓语动词, 或者虽然已有谓语动词或者虽然已有谓语动词, 但需填的动词与之是并但需填的动词与之是并列关系时列关系时, 所给动词就是谓语动词所给动词就是谓语动词, 则需要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致则需要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致, 有时还有时还需考虑虚拟语气。需考虑虚拟语气。技法探究技法探究素养提升素养提升【技法【技法1】提示词

2、为动词时提示词为动词时, 确定时态的四根据确定时态的四根据1. 【解析】【解析】formed。考查时态。根据句意。考查时态。根据句意“sir hans sloane 收藏的收藏的8万件物品万件物品形成了大英博物馆的核心馆藏形成了大英博物馆的核心馆藏”和定语从句中的时间状语和定语从句中的时间状语in 1759可知要用一般可知要用一般过去时。过去时。2. 【解析】【解析】pointed。考查时态。考查时态。and连接两个谓语动词连接两个谓语动词, 空格处的动词形式应空格处的动词形式应和前文中的和前文中的smiled一致一致, 应用一般过去时。应用一般过去时。3. 【解析】【解析】meant。考查时

3、态。根据。考查时态。根据that引导的宾语从句中的时态可知此处用引导的宾语从句中的时态可知此处用一般过去时。一般过去时。4. 【解析】【解析】was driving。根据固定句型。根据固定句型: was/were doing sth. + when. . . , 可知可知, 应用过去进行时。应用过去进行时。【技法点金】【技法点金】1. 认清常考时态的标志性时间状语认清常考时态的标志性时间状语(1)一般现在时一般现在时: 看到看到every time, now and then, often, sometimes, usually, occasionally, always, seldom等时间

4、状语等时间状语, 要想到要想到用一般现在时。用一般现在时。(2)一般过去时一般过去时: 看到看到yesterday, last year, in 2015, the other day, two days ago, 一段时间一段时间+later 等等时间状语时间状语, 要想到要想到用一般过去时。用一般过去时。(3)一般将来时一般将来时: 看到看到tomorrow, next year, in a week, in the future, right away, soon, tonight等时等时间状语间状语, 要想到要想到用一般将来时。用一般将来时。(4)现在进行时现在进行时: 看到看到all

5、 the time, at this moment, at present, always, continually, constantly等时等时间状语间状语, 要想到要想到用现在进行时。用现在进行时。(5)现在完成时现在完成时: 看到看到since, recently, lately, already, in the last/past few days, so far, up to now, till now, for+时间段时间段, it is the first time. . . 等标志词等标志词, 要想到要想到用现在完成时。用现在完成时。(6)过去完成时过去完成时: 看到看到by

6、 then, by the end of. . . , by that time, it was the first time. . . 等标志词等标志词, 要想到要想到用过去完成时。用过去完成时。2. 牢记常见固定句式中的时态牢记常见固定句式中的时态(1)was/were doing. . . when+一般过去时一般过去时(2)was / were about to do. . . when+一般过去时一般过去时(3)had (just) done. . . when+一般过去时一般过去时(4)hardly +had +主语主语+done. . . when+一般过去时一般过去时(5)no

7、 sooner +had+主语主语+done. . . than+一般过去时一般过去时(6)this/that/it is the +序数词序数词+time +that+现在完成时现在完成时(7)this/that/it was the +序数词序数词+time +that+过去完成时过去完成时(8)it is/has been+时间段时间段+since+一般过去时一般过去时【易错警示】【易错警示】忽略时间状语忽略时间状语, 相近时态混用相近时态混用china _(spend) a lot of money on such research in the recent years. (变式变式

8、) china _(spend) a lot of money on such research in the past. 答案答案: has spentspent【剖析】【剖析】题题中的时间状语中的时间状语in the recent years是与现在有关的时间状语是与现在有关的时间状语, 说明说明spend动作与现在有关动作与现在有关, 应用现在完成时应用现在完成时, 应填应填has spent。 题题中的中的in the past指的是指的是过去的时间过去的时间, 谓语动词应用一般过去时谓语动词应用一般过去时, 应填应填spent。【过关检测】【过关检测】1. (2020浙江高考浙江高考

9、)by about 6000 bc, people _(discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise. 2. (2019全国卷全国卷)i love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends i _(make)over the years. had discoveredhave made【技法【技法2】提示词为动词时提示词为动词时, 明确逻辑关系定语态明确逻辑关系定语态 1. 【解析】【解析】are called。考查被动语态。结合句意。考查被动语态。结合句意“博物馆对外

10、开放的部分被博物馆对外开放的部分被称为展览馆或陈列室称为展览馆或陈列室”和下文的时态可知主语和下文的时态可知主语the parts和谓语动词和谓语动词call之间为之间为被动关系被动关系, 故用一般现在时的被动语态。故用一般现在时的被动语态。2. 【解析】【解析】washes。考查时态和语态。考查时态和语态。wash说明的是主语的特点说明的是主语的特点, 且是客观事且是客观事实实, 应用一般现在时的主动语态应用一般现在时的主动语态; 主语是第三人称单数主语是第三人称单数, 谓语动词应用第三人称谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。单数形式。【技法点金】【技法点金】1. 牢记几种常考时态的被动语态构成牢

11、记几种常考时态的被动语态构成常考时态常考时态被动语态构成被动语态构成一般现在时一般现在时am/is/are done现在完成时现在完成时have/has been done现在进行时现在进行时am/is/are being done一般过去时一般过去时was/were done过去完成时过去完成时had been done过去进行时过去进行时was/were being done一般将来时一般将来时will be done过去将来时过去将来时would be done2. 切记不及物动词切记不及物动词(词组词组)没有被动语态没有被动语态breathe, happen, exist, remai

12、n, rise, taste, survive, belong to, break out, break down, come up, come true, take place, date from / back to, consist of等。等。【易错警示】【易错警示】注意英汉区别注意英汉区别, 正确选用语态正确选用语态the books which were written by zhou meisen, a famous writer in jiangsu, _(sell) well. (变式变式) the books which were written by zhou meise

13、n, a famous writer in jiangsu, _(sell) out here. 答案答案: sellhave been sold【剖析】【剖析】题题中的中的sell表示的是主语表示的是主语books的某种属性的某种属性, 意为意为 “卖得好卖得好, 畅销畅销”, 表表示状态示状态, 应用主动语态应用主动语态, 填填sell; 题题中的中的sell强调动作强调动作, 指的是书指的是书“已经卖完已经卖完了了”, 应用现在完成时的被动语态应用现在完成时的被动语态, 填填have been sold。【过关检测】【过关检测】1. (2020浙江高考浙江高考)and, as more

14、children were born, more food _(need). 2. (2019全国卷全国卷)on the last day of our week-long stay, we _(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the north shore under the stars, listening to musicians and meeting interesting locals. was neededwere invited【技法【技法3】提示词为动词时提示词为动词时, 确定主谓一致的三原则

15、确定主谓一致的三原则 1. 【解析】【解析】is。考查主谓一致。句子主语中心词为。考查主谓一致。句子主语中心词为a small part, 结合上下文的结合上下文的时态可知用一般现在时的单数形式。时态可知用一般现在时的单数形式。2. 【解析】【解析】enjoys。分析句子结构可知。分析句子结构可知, enjoy在句中作谓语在句中作谓语, 主语是主语是not only the students but also the teacher, 根据就近一致原则根据就近一致原则, enjoy应与应与the teacher形式形式保持一致保持一致, 因此用第三人称单数形式。因此用第三人称单数形式。 3.

16、【解析】【解析】has given。考查主谓一致和时态。根据。考查主谓一致和时态。根据in the last three months可知可知, 应用现在完成时应用现在完成时; 主语为主语为the musician, 为第三人称单数形式为第三人称单数形式, along with his band members是附加成分是附加成分, 谓语动词应用现在完成时的第三人称单数形式。谓语动词应用现在完成时的第三人称单数形式。【技法点金】【技法点金】一、明晰主谓一致三原则中的常考点一、明晰主谓一致三原则中的常考点1. 可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语时谓语动词

17、用单数; 可数名词复数作主语可数名词复数作主语时谓语动词用复数。时谓语动词用复数。2. 就近一致原则就近一致原则由由neither. . . nor. . . , either. . . or. . . , not only. . . but also. . . , not. . . but. . . 等连等连接并列主语时接并列主语时, 谓语要和位置上最近的主语保持一致。谓语要和位置上最近的主语保持一致。3. 就远原则就远原则主语后跟有主语后跟有with, together with, as well as, like, but, except, along with, rather than

18、, including, in addition to等引导的短语时等引导的短语时, 谓语动词的数要与前面的主语谓语动词的数要与前面的主语一致。一致。4. 集体名词看作整体时集体名词看作整体时, 谓语用单数形式谓语用单数形式; 看作个体时看作个体时, 谓语用复数形式。谓语用复数形式。5. 非谓语动词、从句作主语时非谓语动词、从句作主语时, 谓语一般用单数形式。谓语一般用单数形式。二、掌握常考的三种特殊情况二、掌握常考的三种特殊情况1. “many a/more than one+单数名词单数名词”作主语时作主语时, 谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数, 表示复数意表示复数意义。义。2. “half/

19、most/the rest/the remaining/one third of +名词名词”作主语时作主语时, 若这个结构若这个结构中的名词为复数中的名词为复数, 则谓语用复数形式则谓语用复数形式; 若这个结构中的名词为单数或不可数名若这个结构中的名词为单数或不可数名词词, 则谓语用单数形式。则谓语用单数形式。 3. all, the remaining, the rest, what, who, some, most等作主语时等作主语时, 谓语动词的数谓语动词的数根据它们的实际意义而定。根据它们的实际意义而定。【易错警示】【易错警示】分析句子结构分析句子结构, 避免误判主语避免误判主语it

20、 is reported that three ways to grow more trees in the desert _(be) very effective. it is reported that finding ways to grow more trees in the desert _(be) his life goal. 答案答案: areis【剖析】【剖析】题题中的主语是中的主语是three ways, 主语是复数主语是复数, 谓语动词应用复数谓语动词应用复数, 应填应填are; 题题中主语是中主语是finding ways to grow more trees in th

21、e desert是动名词作主语是动名词作主语, 谓语谓语动词应用单数动词应用单数, 应填应填is。【过关检测】【过关检测】1. (2019全国卷全国卷)of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six _(be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 2. (2018全国卷全国卷)while running regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it

22、 _ (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming. 3. (2020金华模拟金华模拟)sudden slowing_(cause)traffic to slow down. other cars have to brake. areis causes【小题夯基练】【小题夯基练】单句语法填空单句语法填空1. (2020厦门一模厦门一模)even su shi, the famous poet of the song dynasty, _(express) his admiration for

23、han gan. 2. (2020驻马店模拟驻马店模拟)in the mid-1800s, british and american english speakers further developed in different ways and “fall” was the common word for “autumn” in the us, while “autumn” _(regard) as the word for “fall” in england. 3. (2020齐齐哈尔二模齐齐哈尔二模)in 2003, sars _ (break) out in guangdong. 新题

24、精练新题精练素养应用素养应用expressedwas regardedbroke4. (2020大连一模大连一模)recently, researchers have published a study on how people gave and _(receive) letters of thanks. 5. (2020青岛一模青岛一模)besides the significance of composing completely for a chinese opera, the opera _ (deliver)something more, that is, love and pea

25、ce. 6. when a person hears the name of dragon, china _(come) to his or her mind. 7. he _(be) an emergency room doctor since july 2005, and now he serves as the attending doctor in the emergency department. receiveddeliverswill comehas been8. girl, wash your face is one of those books that read like

26、you _(hang) out with your best friend right at the moment. are hanging【大题提能练】【大题提能练】. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 cars could soon be communicating with each other 1. _(use) 5g to makedrivers aware of up coming hazards, scientists claim. using several car manufacturers are already integrating 5g int

27、o their vehicles, 2. _ (include) as a tool to help usher in the generation of self-driving vehicles. experts at glasgow caledonian university (gcu) believe the high-speed connection 3. _ (improve)the reliability and capability of automated vehicles to the point where they will be safer than the manu

28、al cars 4. _ (drive) today. dr dimitrios liarokapis, a member of the research group, 5. _ (say): “to have a better idea of what the future will look like, think of 6. _ (have)tesla-like cars that not only use sensors 7. _(scan) whats aroundincludingwill improvebeing drivensaidhavingto scanthem, they

29、 can also talk to each other and exchange safety-related information about their surroundings over an area that 8. _ (cover) several square miles. ” with the help of 5g, a vehicle-generated early warning system that alerts drivers 9. _ (be) feasible within the next few years. cars that are close eno

30、ugh to the danger area 10. _(transmit) warning messages to other cars around them using short-range communication technologies, but also to cars further away using 5g, fast and reliably. coversiswill transmit. 综合填空综合填空passage 1 (2020遂宁二模遂宁二模) the 2019-ncov(新型冠状病毒新型冠状病毒)outbreak forced belgian pianis

31、t jean-francois maljean who had planned to go to china in february 1. _(postpone) the trip. the musician decided to write a song 2. _(immediate) after discussing the idea with his chinese business partner, he liu. “i have been playing concerts around china for almost 20 years. i have so many friends

32、 in wuhan. i want to show my 3. _(consider) to those peopleaffected by the virus and those who are fighting in the hospitals in the face4. _ the disaster, especially the doctors and nurses who are protecting others but thinking little about 5. _ (they), ”says 67-year-old maljean. it 6. _(take) the m

33、usician about three days to finish the song chime of the dawn bells, 7. _has become popular online since feb 10. he liu invited 15 local people from all walks of life in china to sing the chinese version of thesong. maljeans daughter, noemie maljean, an 8. _(excellence) singer, performed the lead vo

34、cal(主唱主唱). maljean put chinese landmark buildings and famous scenery into9. _ music. “i hope that my music can comfort the people suffering inchina. im always deeply moved by the great sacrifice 10. _(make) by the people of china, ” says the pianist. 【文章大意】【文章大意】比利时钢琴家比利时钢琴家jean-francois maljean由于疫情

35、不得不推迟他的由于疫情不得不推迟他的行程。感动于中国的全力抗疫行程。感动于中国的全力抗疫, 他写了一首歌曲叫他写了一首歌曲叫黎明的钟声黎明的钟声, 以表达他以表达他对抗击新冠肺炎疫情的中国人民的关心。对抗击新冠肺炎疫情的中国人民的关心。1. 【解析】【解析】to postpone。考查非谓语动词。考查非谓语动词。force sb. to do sth. 是固定搭配。是固定搭配。2. 【解析】【解析】immediately。考查词性转换。修饰动词。考查词性转换。修饰动词write应用副词。应用副词。3. 【解析】【解析】consideration。考查词性转换。作。考查词性转换。作show的宾语

36、的宾语, 且由形容词性物主且由形容词性物主代词代词my修饰修饰, 应用名词。应用名词。4. 【解析】【解析】of。考查介词。考查介词。in the face of面对面对是固定搭配。是固定搭配。5. 【解析】【解析】themselves。考查词性转换。作介词。考查词性转换。作介词about的宾语的宾语, 且与主语指代相且与主语指代相同同, 应用反身代词。应用反身代词。6. 【解析】【解析】took。考查时态。表示过去的动作。考查时态。表示过去的动作, 应用一般过去时。应用一般过去时。7. 【解析】【解析】which。考查定语从句。此处引导非限制性定语从句。考查定语从句。此处引导非限制性定语从句

37、, 从句中缺少从句中缺少主语主语, 且先行词指物且先行词指物, 应用应用which引导。引导。8. 【解析】【解析】excellent。考查词性转换。修饰名词。考查词性转换。修饰名词singer应用形容词。应用形容词。9. 【解析】【解析】the。考查冠词。特指上文中提到的音乐。考查冠词。特指上文中提到的音乐, 应用定冠词应用定冠词the。10. 【解析】【解析】made。考查非谓语动词。根据句意。考查非谓语动词。根据句意“中国人民所做出的牺牲中国人民所做出的牺牲”可可知知, make和逻辑主语和逻辑主语sacrifice之间是被动关系之间是被动关系, 应用过去分词作定语。应用过去分词作定语。

38、passage 2 (2020淄博一模淄博一模)rainbow-coloured rubbish this is the colourful waste 1. _(create)by a swedish city with a unique recycling system. like many cities in sweden, eskilstuna has an impressive recycling record. it met the eus 2020 target of recycling 50% of waste many years ago. but almost everyo

39、ne who lives here follows a strict recycling policy at home. people 2. _(expect)to sort their household waste into seven separate3. _(category), including food, textiles, cartons and metal. but 4. _ really makes the system stand out is the bright colour code. the bags arrive all mixed up because the

40、yre collected 5. _(frequent). but thanks to those bright colours, scanners can select the bags and separate them efficiently. the food waste in green bags 6. _(be)processed on site into pieces to make biogas, 7. _ powers the citys buses. one of the benefits of this method of recycling is that there

41、is less cross-contamination (交叉污染交叉污染), so 8. _(much)of the recycled waste can actually be used to make newthings. as countries around the world try to improve their recycling rates, some may look to eskilstuna as 9. _ example to followas long as they think they can persuade their citizens to get bu

42、sy 10. _(sort)at home. 【文章大意】【文章大意】本文主要介绍了瑞典的彩色垃圾回收。本文主要介绍了瑞典的彩色垃圾回收。1. 【解析】【解析】created。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知create在句中作非谓在句中作非谓语动词语动词, 与逻辑主语与逻辑主语waste构成被动关系构成被动关系, 应用过去分词。应用过去分词。2. 【解析】【解析】are expected。考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知。考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知, expect在句中作谓语在句中作谓语, 与主语之间是被动关系与主语之间是被动关系, 且时态

43、为一般现在时且时态为一般现在时, 主语为集合名词主语为集合名词people, 应用一般现在时的被动语态的复数形式。应用一般现在时的被动语态的复数形式。3. 【解析】【解析】categories。考查名词单复数。考查名词单复数。category为可数名词为可数名词, 前有前有seven修饰修饰, 应用可数名词复数。应用可数名词复数。4. 【解析】【解析】what。考查名词性从句。此处为主语从句。考查名词性从句。此处为主语从句, 从句中缺少主语从句中缺少主语, 指代指代事物事物, 应用应用what引导。引导。5. 【解析】【解析】frequently。考查词性转换。修饰动词。考查词性转换。修饰动词

44、collected应用副词。应用副词。 6. 【解析】【解析】is。考查主谓一致。本句主语。考查主谓一致。本句主语the food waste为第三人称单数为第三人称单数, 时态为时态为一般现在时一般现在时, be动词应用第三人称单数动词应用第三人称单数is。7. 【解析】【解析】which。考查定语从句。此处为非限定性定语从句修饰上文整个句子。考查定语从句。此处为非限定性定语从句修饰上文整个句子, 且从句中缺少主语且从句中缺少主语, 应用关系代词应用关系代词which。8. 【解析】【解析】more。考查比较级。根据句中的。考查比较级。根据句中的less cross-contaminatio

45、n可知可知, 应用形应用形容词比较级。容词比较级。9. 【解析】【解析】an。考查冠词。考查冠词。 example为可数名词为可数名词, 此处表示泛指应用不定冠词此处表示泛指应用不定冠词, 且且example为元音音素开头的单词为元音音素开头的单词, 应用应用an。10. 【解析】【解析】sorting。考查非谓语动词。短语。考查非谓语动词。短语get busy doing sth. 表示表示“开始忙于开始忙于做某事做某事”。passage 3 (2020永州模拟永州模拟) nowadays, nine in ten children are now at school. however, t

46、he figure is not as 1. _ (impress) as it sounds. even if most of the worlds children go to school, 2. _ awful lot of them learn pretty much nothing there. according 3. _ the recent world bank study of seven african countries, half of nine-year-old cannot read a simple word and three-quarters cannot

47、read a simple sentence. the reason is terrible 4. _(teach). several recent studies suggest educational technology can help. it seems5. _ (bring)about bigger improvement in poor countries than in rich ones. some of the rare6. _(resource) being spent on teachers could therefore be better spent on educ

48、ational technology. that doesnt mean dumping computers on schools, hoping that children 7. _(understand)how to use them. instead, it means providing schools with software that children can use with minimal help from an adult, that gets things right 8. _(much)often than the teachers do, that adjusts

49、itself to the childs ability that sends teachers clues about 9. _ they are supposed to be teaching and that allows the authorities to check on whether theteacher is in the classroom. of course, good 10. _(tradition) teachers are not replaced, and are never likely to be. 【文章大意】【文章大意】本文主要讲教育科技对改善国家的教育

50、会有一定作用。本文主要讲教育科技对改善国家的教育会有一定作用。1. 【解析】【解析】impressive。考查词性转换。作系动词。考查词性转换。作系动词is的表语的表语, 应用形容词。应用形容词。2. 【解析】【解析】an。考查冠词。考查冠词。a lot of 许多许多, 是固定搭配是固定搭配; awful是以元音音素开头是以元音音素开头的单词的单词, 应用应用an。3. 【解析】【解析】to。考查介词。考查介词。according to根据根据, 是固定搭配。是固定搭配。4. 【解析】【解析】teaching。考查词性转换。形容词。考查词性转换。形容词terrible后应用名词。后应用名词。

51、5. 【解析】【解析】to bring。考查非谓语动词。作。考查非谓语动词。作seem的表语的表语, 且表示事物的特征且表示事物的特征, 应应用不定式作表语。用不定式作表语。6. 【解析】【解析】resources。考查名词单复数。根据。考查名词单复数。根据some of可知可知, 此处应用名词复数。此处应用名词复数。7. 【解析】【解析】will understand。考查动词时态。与。考查动词时态。与hope呼应呼应, 表示要发生的动作表示要发生的动作, 需用一般将来时。需用一般将来时。8. 【解析】【解析】more。考查比较级。根据后面的。考查比较级。根据后面的than可知可知, 应用比

52、较级。应用比较级。9. 【解析】【解析】what。考查名词性从句。介词。考查名词性从句。介词about后应用宾语从句后应用宾语从句, 从句中缺少从句中缺少teach的宾语的宾语, 应用应用what引导。引导。10. 【解析】【解析】traditional。考查词性转换。修饰名词。考查词性转换。修饰名词teachers, 应用形容词。应用形容词。【加固训练】【加固训练】passage 1 (2020太原模拟太原模拟) tik tok, 1. _ launched in china as “douyin” in september 2016, describes 2. _ (it)as a for

53、um to capture and present the worlds creativity, knowledge, and precious life moments 3. _ (direct) from the mobile phone. it is owned by bytedance, a startup 4. _ (base) in china that is considered one of the worlds most valuable private companies. tik tok users tap and hold 5. _ (record) a short v

54、ideo and can add music and visual effects. the videos can then be uploaded with hashtagsto join a variety of topics and trends. most of the videos, which tend to last around 15 seconds, show someone dancing, lip-syncing (对口型对口型) 6. _a song or a video clip, or pulling some kind of running gag (笑料笑料),

55、 7. _the app has also gained followings among some particular groups, especially military personnel. part of the charm and 8. _ (attract) of tik tok is that its younger users have embraced it as a place to experiment with the kind of internet humor that 9. _ ( not succeed) on other platforms yet. ke

56、vin roose in the new york times called the app a refreshing outlier in the social media universe that brought him 10. _ rare sensation of “happiness”. 【文章大意】【文章大意】本文主要介绍了一款应用软件本文主要介绍了一款应用软件tik tok(抖音抖音)。1. 【解析】【解析】which。考查定语从句。本句为非限制性定语从句。考查定语从句。本句为非限制性定语从句, 修饰先行词修饰先行词tik tok, 且先行词在从句中作主语且先行词在从句中作主语

57、, 指物指物, 应用应用which引导。引导。2. 【解析】【解析】itself。考查词性转换。主语与宾语指代同一事物时。考查词性转换。主语与宾语指代同一事物时, 宾语用反身代宾语用反身代词。词。3. 【解析】【解析】directly。考查词性转换。修饰动词。考查词性转换。修饰动词capture 和和 present应用副词。应用副词。4. 【解析】【解析】based。考查非谓语动词。考查非谓语动词。base与与startup之间是被动关系之间是被动关系, 应用过去应用过去分词。分词。5. 【解析】【解析】to record。考查非谓语动词。考查非谓语动词。record作目的状语作目的状语,

58、应用动词不定式。应用动词不定式。6. 【解析】【解析】to。考查介词。固定短语。考查介词。固定短语 lip-sync to a song 表示表示“伴随着歌曲对口伴随着歌曲对口型型”, to“伴随着伴随着”。7. 【解析】【解析】but。考查连词。结合上下文可知为转折关系。考查连词。结合上下文可知为转折关系, 应用应用but。8. 【解析】【解析】attraction。考查词性转换。结合上文。考查词性转换。结合上文the charm and可知应填名词。可知应填名词。9. 【解析】【解析】hasnt succeeded。考查动词时态。根据下文。考查动词时态。根据下文yet“还没有还没有”可知应

59、用可知应用现在完成时。现在完成时。10. 【解析】【解析】the。考查冠词。此处表示特指抖音所带来的罕见的幸福感觉。考查冠词。此处表示特指抖音所带来的罕见的幸福感觉, 应应用不定冠词用不定冠词the。passage 2 beijing was once a city of bikes, the capital of a country 1. _ (know) as the bicycle kingdom, where cars were reserved for official and political business. 2. _, decades of remarkable economic growth led to a huge flowing of cars in the city. owning one became not just a marker of reaching the middle class but also a 3